阅读理解（1）｜TED演讲_20岁光阴不再来

Why 30 is not the new 20.—Meg Jay

When I was in my 20s, I saw my very first psychotherapy client. I was a Ph.D. student in clinical psychology at Berkeley. She was a 26-year-old woman named Alex.

在我还是20岁的时候，我见到了我的很第一位心理治疗客户。我是一名在伯克利的临床心理博士生。她是一名叫做亚历克斯的二十六岁女性。

Now Alex walked into her first session wearing jeans and a big slouchy top, and she dropped onto the couch in my office and kicked off her flats and told me she was there to talk about guy problems. Now when I heard this, I was so relieved. My classmate got an arsonist for her first client. (Laughter) And I got a twentysomething who wanted to talk about boys. This I thought I could handle.

那时亚历克斯穿着牛仔裤和一件宽松休闲上衣走进来她的第一场会面，并且她落在我的办公室里的沙发上同时踢掉她的平底鞋并告诉我她来这儿是为了讨论关于男人的问题。此时我听到这儿，我是很宽慰的。我的同班同学从她的第一位顾客得到的是一个纵火犯。（大笑）而我得到一个想谈论关于男孩的二十多岁的人。这是我觉得我能解决的。

But I didn’t handle it. With the funny stories that Alex would bring to session, it was easy for me just to nod my head while we kicked the can down the road.

但是我没能解决它。伴随着亚历克斯总是给会面带来的有趣的故事，它对我而言是简单的仅在我们沿着路踢罐头的时候（附和） 去点头就好。

“Thirty’s the new 20,” Alex would say, and as far as I could tell, she was right. Work happened later, marriage happened later, kids happened later, even death happened later. Twentysomethings like Alex and I had nothing but time.

“三十岁是新的二十岁，”亚历克斯总是说，并且我就会说，她是正确的。工作发生在后来，结婚发生在后来，孩子们发生在后来，甚至死亡发生在后来。二十多岁的人像我和亚历克斯没有任何东西但是有时间。

But before long, my supervisor pushed me to push Alex about her love life. I pushed back. I said, “Sure, she’s dating down, she’s sleeping with a knucklehead, but it’s not like she’s going to marry the guy.” And then my supervisor said, “Not yet, but she might marry the next one. Besides, the best time to work on Alex’s marriage is before she has one.”

但是不久以后，我的监督人（监督导师）推动我推进亚历克斯关于她的情感生活。我推回去。我说，“当然，她正在交往中，她正和一个傻瓜睡觉，但是这不像是她将嫁给那家伙。”然后我的导师就说，“还没有，但是她可能和下一个人结婚。除外，为了这项工作最好的时间是在亚历克斯有婚姻之前。”

That’s what psychologists call an “Aha!” moment. That was the moment I realized, 30 is not the new 20. Yes, people settle down later than they used to, but that didn’t make Alex’s 20s a developmental downtime.

那是心理学家们讲的“顿悟！”时刻。那是瞬间我意识到，三十不是新的二十。是的，人们安定更晚比过去的人，但是那不能当作亚历克斯的二十岁是一个发展的低谷时期。

That made Alex’s 20s a developmental sweet spot, and we were sitting there blowing it. That was when I realized that this sort of benign neglect was a real problem, and it had real consequences, not just for Alex and her love life but for the careers and the families and the futures of twentysomethings everywhere.

那作为亚历克斯的二十岁的一个发展最佳时间点，而我们正坐在那儿浪费它。那是当我意识到这种善意的忽视是一个真正的问题，而且它不仅给亚历克斯和她的情感生活而且给到处的二十多岁的人的事业和家庭以及未来带来真正的后果。

There are 50 million twentysomethings in the United States right now. We’re talking about 15 percent of the population, or 100 percent if you consider that no one’s getting through adulthood without going through their 20s first.

真正的现在美国有五千万的二十多岁的人。我们是谈论百分之十五的人口，或者百分之一百因为你考虑没有一个人的通过成年时期不经过他们开始的二十多岁。

Raise your hand if you’re in your 20s. I really want to see some twentysomethings here. Oh, yay! Y’all’s awesome. If you work with twentysomethings, you love a twentysomething, you’re losing sleep over twentysomethings, I want to see — Okay. Awesome, twentysomethings really matter.

举起你的手如果你是在你的二十多岁。我真正的想要看见一些二十多岁的人在这儿。噢，耶！大家令人惊叹的。如果你和二十多岁的人工作，你爱一个二十多岁的人，你是失眠为了二十多岁的人，我想看看–好。令人惊叹的，二十多岁的人真的重要。

So I specialize in twentysomethings because I believe that every single one of those 50 million twentysomethings deserves to know what psychologists, sociologists, neurologists and fertility specialists already know: that claiming your 20s is one of the simplest, yet most transformative, things you can do for work, for love, for your happiness, maybe even for the world.

所以我专门研究二十多岁的人因为我相信那五千万的二十多岁的人中的每一个人应该了解心理学家，社会学家，神经学家和生育专家以及知道的：那宣布你的二十多岁是最简单的一个时期，还是最变革的，你能为了工作，为了你的爱情，为了你的幸福，可能甚至为了世界去做些事情。

This is not my opinion. These are the facts. We know that 80 percent of life’s most defining moments take place by age 35. That means that eight out of 10 of the decisions and experiences and “Aha!” moments that make your life what it is will have happened by your mid-30s.

这不是我的观点。这些是事实。我们知道生活的最决定性的时刻百分之八十发生在三十五岁。那意味着十分之八的改变你的生活的决定和经历以及“顿悟！”时刻将发生在你的三十多岁。

People who are over 40, don’t panic. This crowd is going to be fine, I think. We know that the first 10 years of a career has an exponential impact on how much money you’re going to earn. We know that more than half of Americans are married or are living with or dating their future partner by 30.

超过四十岁的人们不要惊慌。这群人是将是好的，我想。我们知道第一个十年的事业有一个指数增长性的影响你将怎么去挣那么多的钱。我们知道有超过一半的美国人在三十岁结婚或者和他们的未来的伴侣同居或交往。

We know that the brain caps off its second and last growth spurt in your 20s as it rewires itself for adulthood, which means that whatever it is you want to change about yourself, now is the time to change it. We know that personality changes more during your 20s than at any other time in life, and we know that female fertility peaks at age 28, and things get tricky after age 35.

我们知道大脑停止它的第二次和最后一次突增发育在你的二十多岁就像它自己为了成年时期它重新布线，那意味着无论它是你想要去改变你自己，现在是改变它的时间。我们知道性格的改变在一生中更多的在你的二十多岁期间超过在其他的任何时间里，并且我们知道女性的生育高峰在二十八岁，和十三五岁之后这事会变困难。

So your 20s are the time to educate yourself about your body and your options. So when we think about child development, we all know that the first five years are a critical period for language and attachment in the brain. It’s a time when your ordinary ,day-to-day life has an inordinate impact on who you will become.

所以你的二十多岁的时间里教学你自己的身体和你的选择。所以在我们思考关于儿童成长的时候，我们总是知道第一个五年是大脑对语言和联系的一个批判性的时期。它是一个普通的时期，日常的生活有一个不普通的影响将成就你。

But what we hear less about is that there’s such a thing as adult development, and our 20s are that critical period of adult development. But this isn’t what twentysomethings are hearing. Newspapers talk about the changing timetable of adulthood.但是我们很少听到关于这儿的多少成年人的发展，而我们的二十岁是成年人的发展的批判性的时期。但是这不是二十多岁的人该听的。新闻上说改变成年时期的时间表。

Researchers call the 20s an extended adolescence. Journalists coin silly nicknames for twentysomethings like “twixters” and “kidults.” It’s true. As a culture, we have trivialized what is actually the defining decade of adulthood.研究学者叫十二岁的一个学者。

Leonard Bernstein said that to achieve great things, you need a plan and not quite enough time. Isn’t that true? So what do you think happens when you pat a twentysomething on the head and you say, “You have 10 extra years to start your life”? Nothing happens. You have robbed that person of his urgency and ambition, and absolutely nothing happens.

And then every day, smart, interesting twentysomethings like you or like your sons and daughters come into my office and say things like this: “I know my boyfriend’s no good for me, but this relationship doesn’t count. I’m just killing time.” Or they say, “Everybody says as long as I get started on a career by the time I’m 30, I’ll be fine.”

But then it starts to sound like this: “My 20s are almost over, and I have nothing to show for myself. I had a better résumé the day after I graduated from college.” And then it starts to sound like this: "Dating in my 20s was like musical chairs. Everybody was running around and having fun, but then sometime around 30 it was like the music turned off and everybody started sitting down.

I didn’t want to be the only one left standing up, so sometimes I think I married my husband because he was the closest chair to me at 30." Where are the twentysomethings here? Do not do that. Okay, now that sounds a little flip, but make no mistake, the stakes are very high.

When a lot has been pushed to your 30s, there is enormous thirtysomething pressure to jump-start a career, pick a city, partner up, and have two or three kids in a much shorter period of time. Many of these things are incompatible, and as research is just starting to show, simply harder and more stressful to do all at once in our 30s.
当很多事都被挤到你30多岁的时候，就会有巨大压力，在很短的时间内快速启动一项事业，挑一个城市，找到伴侣，生两三个孩子。这些事大多是不能同时完成的，正如研究表明，在30岁的时候要想工作生活一步到位，难度很高，压力很大。

The post-millennial midlife crisis isn’t buying a red sports car. It’s realizing you can’t have that career you now want. It’s realizing you can’t have that child you now want, or you can’t give your child a sibling.
千禧年后的中年危机并不是一辆红色跑车。而是意识到你不能拥有你想拥有的事业，意识到你不能拥有你想要的孩子，或者给你的孩子添个兄弟姐妹。

Too many thirtysomethings and fortysomethings look at themselves, and at me, sitting across the room, and say about their 20s, “What was I doing? What was I thinking?” I want to change what twentysomethings are doing and thinking.
太多30多岁40多岁的人看看他们自己，看看我，坐在屋子里谈论自己的20多岁，“我当时都干么了？我当时都想啥了？”我想改变现在20多岁人的所思所为。

Here’s a story about how that can go. It’s a story about a woman named Emma. At 25, Emma came to my office because she was, in her words, having an identity crisis. She said she thought she might like to work in art or entertainment, but she hadn’t decided yet, so she’d spent the last few years waiting tables instead.
这里我想讲个故事说明问题。这个故事是关于名叫Emma一个女人。她25岁的时候走入我的办公室，因为用她自己的话说，她有自我认识危机。她说她也许想从事关于艺术或者娱乐的工作，但是她还没决定。所以取而代之的是她花了过去几年的时间当服务员。

Because it was cheaper, she lived with a boyfriend who displayed his temper more than his ambition. And as hard as her 20s were, her early life had been even harder. She often cried in our sessions, but then would collect herself by saying, “You can’t pick your family, but you can pick your friends.”
为了减少开销，她和她的男朋友同居，一个脾气暴躁而无志向的人。正如她悲惨的20多岁，她早年的生活更加悲惨。她经常在谈话过程中哭泣，努力镇定下来后说“你没办法选择你的家庭，但是你可以选择你的朋友。”

Well one day, Emma comes in and she hangs her head in her lap, and she sobbed for most of the hour. She’d just bought a new address book, and she’d spent the morning filling in her many contacts, but then she’d been left staring at that empty blank that comes after the words "In case of emergency, please call … "
有一天，Emma走进来，她双手抱头于膝盖，然后抽泣了几乎一个小时。她刚买了一个新的通讯录本子，然后花了一整个早上的时间填写她的联系人信息。当她填到“万一发生紧急情况，请联系…”的时候，她没有任何人可填。

She was nearly hysterical when she looked at me and said, “Who’s going to be there for me if I get in a car wreck? Who’s going to take care of me if I have cancer?” Now in that moment, it took everything I had not to say, “I will.”
她几乎崩溃地看着我并说，“如果我被车撞了，谁会在那里？假如我得癌症了，谁会在那里？” 在那种情况下，我花了好大力气才忍住说“我会。”

But what Emma needed wasn’t some therapist who really, really cared. Emma needed a better life, and I knew this was her chance. I had learned too much since I first worked with Alex to just sit there while Emma’s defining decade went parading by.
Emma所需要的并不是理疗师所真正关心的。她需要一个更好的生活，我知道这是她的机会。自Alex开始，我从这份工作上学到了很多，不能只是坐在那里看着Emma十年黄金定型期白白消逝。

So over the next weeks and months, I told Emma three things that every twentysomething, male or female, deserves to hear.
所以接下去的几个星期几个月，我告诉Emma三件事，所有20多岁的男生女生都值得听一听。

First, I told Emma to forget about having an identity crisis and get some identity capital. By get identity capital, I mean do something that adds value to who you are. Do something that’s an investment in who you might want to be next.
首先，我告诉Emma忘掉她的自我认识危机，去获得一些身份认定的资本。身份资本是指做增加自我价值的事。为自己下一步想成为的样子做一些事一些投资。

I didn’t know the future of Emma’s career, and no one knows the future of work, but I do know this: Identity capital begets identity capital. So now is the time for that cross-country job, that internship, that startup you want to try.
我不知道Emma的工作将来是什么样的，也没人知道将来的工作是什么样的，但是我知道：身份资本会创造出更多身份资本。现在是时候去尝试你想要的海外工作、实习或者新起点。

I’m not discounting twentysomething exploration here, but I am discounting exploration that’s not supposed to count, which, by the way, is not exploration. That’s procrastination. I told Emma to explore work and make it count.
我不是轻视20多岁的自我探索，而是轻视那些随便玩玩无所谓的探索，或者从某种意义上说那不是探索。那是拖沓！我告诉Emma去探索工作，让她的探索有所回报。

Second, I told Emma that the urban tribe is overrated.
第二，我告诉Emma不要高估自己的朋友圈。

Best friends are great for giving rides to the airport, but twentysomethings who huddle together with like-minded peers limit who they know, what they know, how they think, how they speak, and where they work. That new piece of capital, that new person to date almost always comes from outside the inner circle.
好朋友会载你去机场，而和“志同道合的朋友” 瞎混的20多岁的人，他们的交际圈、知识面、思维方式、说话方式和工作层面都被限制住了。新的资本或者新的约会对方往往是从内部交际圈之外来的。

New things come from what are called our weak ties, our friends of friends of friends. So yes, half of twentysomethings are un- or under-employed. But half aren’t, and weak ties are how you get yourself into that group. Half of new jobs are never posted, so reaching out to your neighbor’s boss is how you get that un-posted job. It’s not cheating. It’s the science of how information spreads.
新的事情来自我们所谓的“远的关系”，我们朋友的朋友的朋友。没错，半数20多岁的人处在失业和半失业的状态。但是另外一半的人却不是这样的，“远的关系”正是你融入一个新的群体的纽带。有半数的新工作从来不公示出来，所以联络你邻居的老板是你找到那些未公示工作的方式。这不叫作弊，这是信息传播的科学方式。

Last but not least, Emma believed that you can’t pick your family, but you can pick your friends. Now this was true for her growing up, but as a twentysomething, soon Emma would pick her family when she partnered with someone and created a family of her own.
最后一点也很重要，Emma相信你无法选择你的家庭，但是你可以选择你的朋友。可这只是她成长时期的状况。作为一个20多岁的人，Emma很快会与某人为伴组建她自己的新家庭。

I told Emma the time to start picking your family is now. Now you may be thinking that 30 is actually a better time to settle down than 20, or even 25, and I agree with you. But grabbing whoever you’re living with or sleeping with when everyone on Facebook starts walking down the aisle is not progress.
我告诉Emma现在就是你选择你家庭的时候。现在你也许会想相比于20岁，25岁或30岁时组建家庭会更好。我同意你的看法。但是当你Facebook上的朋友都开始步入婚姻殿堂时，你随便抓一个人一起生活、睡觉绝对不是组建家庭的过程。

The best time to work on your marriage is before you have one, and that means being as intentional with love as you are with work. Picking your family is about consciously choosing who and what you want rather than just making it work or killing time with whoever happens to be choosing you.
经营你婚姻的最佳时间是你还没结婚的时候，这意味要像你为了工作一样精心谋划。选择你的家庭是有意识地去选择你想要的人和事，而不是为了结婚或者消磨时光，任意选择一个正好选择你的人。

So what happened to Emma? Well, we went through that address book, and she found an old roommate’s cousin who worked at an art museum in another state. That weak tie helped her get a job there. That job offer gave her the reason to leave that live-in boyfriend.
Emma发生了什么变化呢？我们翻了一遍通讯录，她发现她原来的舍友的表妹在另一个州的一家艺术博物馆工作。这层远关系帮助她在那里得到一份工作。这份工作给她一个理由离开她那同居的男友。

Now, five years later, she’s a special events planner for museums. She’s married to a man she mindfully chose. She loves her new career, she loves her new family, and she sent me a card that said, “Now the emergency contact blanks don’t seem big enough.”
现在五年过去了，她是一名博物馆特别活动策划者。她和一个她用心选择的男人结婚了。她爱她的事业，她爱她的新家，她寄给我一张贺卡写道，“现在紧急联系栏似乎不够填呢。”

Now Emma’s story made that sound easy, but that’s what I love about working with twentysomethings. They are so easy to help. Twentysomethings are like airplanes just leaving LAX, bound for somewhere west. Right after takeoff, a slight change in course is the difference between landing in Alaska or Fiji.
Emma的故事听起来简单，这正是为什么我爱和20多岁人打交道。帮助20多岁的人很容易。20多岁就像离开洛杉矶飞往西部某处的飞机，起飞之后，一点小小变化都会影响到它最终将降落在阿拉斯加还是斐济。

Likewise, at 21 or 25 or even 29, one good conversation, one good break, one good TED Talk, can have an enormous effect across years and even generations to come. So here’s an idea worth spreading to every twentysomething you know.
同理，在你21岁，25岁甚至29岁的时候，一次好的谈话、好的休息、好的TED演讲，能在未来的几年甚至几代人的时间里带来巨大的影响。因此这个想法值得传达给每一个你所认识的20多岁人。

It’s as simple as what I learned to say to Alex. It’s what I now have the privilege of saying to twentysomethings like Emma every single day: Thirty is not the new 20, so claim your adulthood, get some identity capital, use your weak ties, pick your family. Don’t be defined by what you didn’t know or didn’t do. You’re deciding your life right now. Thank you.
这想法就像我后来告诉Alex的话一样简单。我应该每天都对像Emma这样的20多岁的人说：30岁不是一个新的20岁，所以规划好你的成年生活，获得一些身份认同资本，利用你的远关系，选择你的家庭。不要被你所不知道的，从未做过的事所禁锢。你现在的作为决定着你的人生。谢谢。

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