陈剑高分指南2019_完整的ECMAScript 2015-2019指南

陈剑高分指南2019

What is TC39

什么是TC39
ES Versions

ES版本
ES Next

ES下一页

Whenever you read about JavaScript you’ll inevitably see one of these terms:

每当您阅读有关JavaScript的内容时，都会不可避免地看到以下术语之一：

ES3ES3
ES5ES5
ES6ES6
ES7ES7
ES8ES8
ES2015ES2015
ES2016ES2016
ES2017ES2017
ECMAScript 2015ECMAScript 2015
ECMAScript 2016ECMAScript 2016
ECMAScript 2017ECMAScript 2017
ECMAScript 2018ECMAScript 2018
ECMAScript 2019ECMAScript 2019

What do they mean?

他们的意思是什么？

They are all referring to a standard, called ECMAScript.

它们都指一个称为ECMAScript的标准。

ECMAScript is the standard upon which JavaScript is based, and it’s often abbreviated to ES.

ECMAScript是JavaScript所基于的标准 ，并且通常缩写为ES 。

Beside JavaScript, other languages implement(ed) ECMAScript, including:

除JavaScript外，其他语言也实现ECMAScript，包括：

ActionScript (the Flash scripting language), which is losing popularity since Flash will be officially discontinued in 2020

自2020年正式停用Flash以来， ActionScript (Flash脚本语言)逐渐消失
JScript (the Microsoft scripting dialect), since at the time JavaScript was supported only by Netscape and the browser wars were at their peak, Microsoft had to build its own version for Internet Explorer

JScript (Microsoft脚本方言)，因为当时仅Netscape支持JavaScript，并且浏览器之战已达到顶峰，所以Microsoft必须为Internet Explorer构建自己的版本

but of course JavaScript is the most popular and widely used implementation of ES.

但是，当然，JavaScript是ES中最流行和使用最广泛的实现。

Why this weird name? Ecma International is a Swiss standards association who is in charge of defining international standards.

为什么这么奇怪的名字？ Ecma International是瑞士标准协会，负责定义国际标准。

When JavaScript was created, it was presented by Netscape and Sun Microsystems to Ecma and they gave it the name ECMA-262 alias ECMAScript.

创建JavaScript时，Netscape和Sun Microsystems将其提供给Ecma，他们给它起了ECMA-262别名ECMAScript的名称。

This press release by Netscape and Sun Microsystems (the maker of Java) might help figure out the name choice, which might include legal and branding issues by Microsoft which was in the committee, according to Wikipedia.

Wikipedia称，Netscape和Sun Microsystems (Java的制造商)的本新闻稿可能有助于弄清名称的选择，其中可能包括委员会中的Microsoft的法律和品牌问题。

After IE9, Microsoft stopped branding its ES support in browsers as JScript and started calling it JavaScript (at least, I could not find references to it any more)

IE9之后，Microsoft停止在浏览器中将其对ES支持的品牌标识为JScript，并开始将其称为JavaScript(至少，我再也找不到它的引用了)

So as of 201x, the only popular language supporting the ECMAScript spec is JavaScript.

因此，从201x开始，支持ECMAScript规范的唯一流行语言是JavaScript。

什么是TC39 (What is TC39)

TC39 is the committee that evolves JavaScript.

TC39是开发JavaScript的委员会。

The members of TC39 are companies involved in JavaScript and browser vendors, including Mozilla, Google, Facebook, Apple, Microsoft, Intel, PayPal, SalesForce and others.

TC39的成员是涉及JavaScript和浏览器供应商的公司，包括Mozilla，Google，Facebook，Apple，Microsoft，Intel，PayPal，SalesForce等。

Every standard version proposal must go through various stages, which are explained here.

每个标准版本建议都必须经历各个阶段，在此进行解释。

ES版本 (ES Versions)

I found it puzzling why sometimes an ES version is referenced by edition number and sometimes by year, and I am confused by the year by chance being -1 on the number, which adds to the general confusion around JS/ES