[机器码] 获取 MAC 地址的几种方法

Netbios

#include <windows.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "Netapi32.lib")namespace
{bool GetAdapterInfo(int adapterNum, std::string& macOUT)
{NCB Ncb;memset(&Ncb, 0, sizeof(Ncb));Ncb.ncb_command = NCBRESET; // 重置网卡，以便我们可以查询Ncb.ncb_lana_num = adapterNum;if (Netbios(&Ncb) != NRC_GOODRET)return false;// 准备取得接口卡的状态块memset(&Ncb, sizeof(Ncb), 0);Ncb.ncb_command = NCBASTAT;Ncb.ncb_lana_num = adapterNum;strcpy((char *) Ncb.ncb_callname, "*");struct ASTAT{ADAPTER_STATUS adapt;NAME_BUFFER nameBuff[30];}adapter;memset(&adapter,sizeof(adapter), 0);Ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char *)&adapter;Ncb.ncb_length = sizeof(adapter);if (Netbios(&Ncb) != 0)return false;char acMAC[32];sprintf(acMAC, "%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X",int (adapter.adapt.adapter_address[0]),int (adapter.adapt.adapter_address[1]),int (adapter.adapt.adapter_address[2]),int (adapter.adapt.adapter_address[3]),int (adapter.adapt.adapter_address[4]),int (adapter.adapt.adapter_address[5]));macOUT = acMAC;return true;
}
}bool GetMacByNetBIOS(std::string& macOUT)
{// 取得网卡列表LANA_ENUM adapterList;NCB Ncb;memset(&Ncb, 0, sizeof(NCB));Ncb.ncb_command = NCBENUM;Ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char *)&adapterList;Ncb.ncb_length = sizeof(adapterList);Netbios(&Ncb);// 取得MACfor (int i = 0; i < adapterList.length; ++i){if (GetAdapterInfo(adapterList.lana[i], macOUT))return true;}return false;
}

DeviceIoControl

#include <stdio.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <tchar.h>#include <windows.h>
#include <shlwapi.h>
#include <setupapi.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "setupapi.lib")
#include <devguid.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "uuid.lib")
#include <ntddndis.h>
#include <ndisguid.h>
#include <iptypes.h>
#include <regstr.h>using DIDD_TYPE_BASE = SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA;
using DIDD_TYPE_CHAR = decltype(*static_cast<DIDD_TYPE_BASE *>(nullptr)->DevicePath);static constexpr SIZE_T DIDD_SIZE_HEAD = offsetof(DIDD_TYPE_BASE, DevicePath);
static constexpr SIZE_T DIDD_SIZE_BODY = sizeof(DIDD_TYPE_CHAR) * MAX_PATH;
static constexpr SIZE_T DIDD_SIZE_FULL = DIDD_SIZE_HEAD   DIDD_SIZE_BODY;using DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA = union DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA {inline SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA *operator->() { return &DetailData; }inline SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA *operator &() { return &DetailData; }SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA DetailData;BYTE Buffer[DIDD_SIZE_FULL];
};static void SetupDiOutputDeviceAddress(LPCTSTR DevicePath)
{HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(DevicePath, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nullptr, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, nullptr);if (hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE){BOOL bResult = FALSE;BYTE bAddress[MAX_ADAPTER_ADDRESS_LENGTH] = { 0 };DWORD dwCtls[] = { OID_802_3_PERMANENT_ADDRESS, OID_802_3_CURRENT_ADDRESS };for (DWORD i = 0; i < ARRAYSIZE(dwCtls); i  ){DWORD dwCode = dwCtls[i];DWORD cbRead = 0;bResult = DeviceIoControl(hFile, IOCTL_NDIS_QUERY_GLOBAL_STATS, &dwCode, sizeof(dwCode), bAddress, sizeof(bAddress), &cbRead, nullptr);if (bResult){wprintf(L"网卡地址 [%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X]\n", bAddress[0], bAddress[1], bAddress[2], bAddress[3], bAddress[4], bAddress[5]);break;}}DWORD dwType = 0;DWORD dwCode = OID_GEN_PHYSICAL_MEDIUM;DWORD cbRead = 0;bResult = DeviceIoControl(hFile, IOCTL_NDIS_QUERY_GLOBAL_STATS, &dwCode, sizeof(dwCode), &dwType, sizeof(dwType), &cbRead, nullptr);CloseHandle(hFile);if (bResult){BOOL bWireless = FALSE;switch (dwType) {case NdisPhysicalMediumWirelessLan:case NdisPhysicalMediumWirelessWan:case NdisPhysicalMediumNative802_11:case NdisPhysicalMediumBluetooth:case NdisPhysicalMediumWiMax:case NdisPhysicalMediumUWB:bWireless = TRUE;default:wprintf(L"是否无线 [%d]\n", bWireless);break;}}}
}

ipconfig /all

类似的还有：getmac /v /fo list

bool GetMacByCmd(std::string& macOUT)
{bool ret = false;//初始化返回MAC地址缓冲区SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa; sa.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES); sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL; sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE; //创建管道HANDLE hReadPipe,hWritePipe;if(CreatePipe(&hReadPipe, &hWritePipe, &sa, 0) == TRUE){//控制命令行窗口信息STARTUPINFO si; //返回进程信息PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;si.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO); GetStartupInfo(&si); si.hStdError = hWritePipe; si.hStdOutput = hWritePipe; si.wShowWindow = SW_HIDE; //隐藏命令行窗口si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW | STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;//创建获取命令行进程if (CreateProcess(NULL, "ipconfig /all", NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi) == TRUE) { WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, 3000); // 设置超时时间，防止Vista、Win7等操作系统卡死unsigned long count;CloseHandle(hWritePipe);std::string strBuffer(1024 * 10, '\0'); // 准备足够大的缓冲区if(ReadFile(hReadPipe, const_cast<char*>(strBuffer.data()), strBuffer.size() - 1, &count, 0) == TRUE){strBuffer.resize(strBuffer.find_first_of('\0')); // 截掉缓冲区后面多余的'\0'ret = ParseMac(strBuffer, macOUT);//提取MAC地址串}CloseHandle(pi.hThread); CloseHandle(pi.hProcess); }CloseHandle(hWritePipe); // VS2010下调试，此处会有“An invalid handle was specified”的中断，直接运行正常，原因未知。VS2008上正常。CloseHandle(hReadPipe);}return ret;
}

SNMP

#include <snmp.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "snmpapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "Ws2_32.lib")bool GetMacBySNMP(std::string& macOUT)
{bool ret = false;WSADATA WinsockData;if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 0), &WinsockData) != 0) return false;// Load the SNMP dll and get the addresses of the functions necessaryconst HINSTANCE m_dll = LoadLibrary("inetmib1.dll");if (m_dll < (HINSTANCE) HINSTANCE_ERROR)return false;const PFNSNMPEXTENSIONINIT f_SnmpExtensionInit = (PFNSNMPEXTENSIONINIT) GetProcAddress(m_dll, "SnmpExtensionInit");const PFNSNMPEXTENSIONINITEX f_SnmpExtensionInitEx = (PFNSNMPEXTENSIONINITEX) GetProcAddress(m_dll, "SnmpExtensionInitEx");const PFNSNMPEXTENSIONQUERY f_SnmpExtensionQuery = (PFNSNMPEXTENSIONQUERY) GetProcAddress(m_dll, "SnmpExtensionQuery");const PFNSNMPEXTENSIONTRAP f_SnmpExtensionTrap = (PFNSNMPEXTENSIONTRAP) GetProcAddress(m_dll, "SnmpExtensionTrap");HANDLE pollForTrapEvent;AsnObjectIdentifier supportedView;f_SnmpExtensionInit(GetTickCount(), &pollForTrapEvent, &supportedView);// Initialize the variable list to be retrieved by f_SnmpExtensionQueryconst AsnObjectIdentifier MIB_NULL = { 0, 0 };RFC1157VarBind varBind[2];varBind[0].name = MIB_NULL;varBind[1].name = MIB_NULL;RFC1157VarBindList varBindList;varBindList.list = varBind;UINT OID_ifEntryType[] = { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 3 };UINT OID_ifEntryNum[] = { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1 };UINT OID_ipMACEntAddr[] = { 1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 6 };AsnObjectIdentifier MIB_ifMACEntAddr = { sizeof(OID_ipMACEntAddr) / sizeof(UINT), OID_ipMACEntAddr };AsnObjectIdentifier MIB_ifEntryType = { sizeof(OID_ifEntryType) / sizeof(UINT), OID_ifEntryType };AsnObjectIdentifier MIB_ifEntryNum = { sizeof(OID_ifEntryNum) / sizeof(UINT), OID_ifEntryNum };// Copy in the OID to find the number of entries in the Inteface tablevarBindList.len = 1;        // Only retrieving one itemSnmpUtilOidCpy(&varBind[0].name, &MIB_ifEntryNum);AsnInteger errorStatus;AsnInteger errorIndex;f_SnmpExtensionQuery(ASN_RFC1157_GETNEXTREQUEST, &varBindList, &errorStatus, &errorIndex);varBindList.len = 2;// Copy in the OID of ifType, the type of interfaceSnmpUtilOidCpy(&varBind[0].name, &MIB_ifEntryType);// Copy in the OID of ifPhysAddress, the addressSnmpUtilOidCpy(&varBind[1].name, &MIB_ifMACEntAddr);for(int j = 0; j < varBind[0].value.asnValue.number; j++){// Submit the query.  Responses will be loaded into varBindList.// We can expect this call to succeed a # of times corresponding to the # of adapters reported to be in the systemif(f_SnmpExtensionQuery(ASN_RFC1157_GETNEXTREQUEST, &varBindList, &errorStatus, &errorIndex) == FALSE)continue;// Confirm that the proper type has been returnedif(SnmpUtilOidNCmp(&varBind[0].name, &MIB_ifEntryType, MIB_ifEntryType.idLength) != 0)continue;// Type 6 describes ethernet interfacesif(varBind[0].value.asnValue.number != 6) continue;// Confirm that we have an address hereif(SnmpUtilOidNCmp(&varBind[1].name, &MIB_ifMACEntAddr, MIB_ifMACEntAddr.idLength) != 0)continue;if(varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream == NULL)continue;// Ignore all dial-up networking adaptersif ((varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[0] == 0x44)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[1] == 0x45)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[2] == 0x53)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[3] == 0x54)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[4] == 0x00)) continue;// Ignore NULL addresses returned by other network interfacesif ((varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[0] == 0x00)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[1] == 0x00)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[2] == 0x00)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[3] == 0x00)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[4] == 0x00)&& (varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[5] == 0x00)) continue;char buf[32];sprintf(buf, "%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X",varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[0],varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[1],varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[2],varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[3],varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[4],varBind[1].value.asnValue.address.stream[5]);macOUT = buf;ret = true;break;}// Free the bindingsSnmpUtilVarBindFree(&varBind[0]);SnmpUtilVarBindFree(&varBind[1]);return ret;
}

GetAdaptersInfo

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "IPHLPAPI.lib")bool GetMacByGetAdaptersInfo(std::string& macOUT)
{bool ret = false;ULONG ulOutBufLen = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO);PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO*)malloc(sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO));if(pAdapterInfo == NULL)return false;// Make an initial call to GetAdaptersInfo to get the necessary size into the ulOutBufLen variableif(GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulOutBufLen) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) {free(pAdapterInfo);pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO *)malloc(ulOutBufLen);if (pAdapterInfo == NULL) return false;}if(GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulOutBufLen) == NO_ERROR){for(PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pAdapter = pAdapterInfo; pAdapter != NULL; pAdapter = pAdapter->Next){// 确保是以太网if(pAdapter->Type != MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET)continue;// 确保MAC地址的长度为 00-00-00-00-00-00if(pAdapter->AddressLength != 6)continue;char acMAC[32];sprintf(acMAC, "%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X",int (pAdapter->Address[0]),int (pAdapter->Address[1]),int (pAdapter->Address[2]),int (pAdapter->Address[3]),int (pAdapter->Address[4]),int (pAdapter->Address[5]));macOUT = acMAC;ret = true;break;}}free(pAdapterInfo);return ret;
}

GetAdaptersAddresses

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "IPHLPAPI.lib")bool GetMacByGetAdaptersAddresses(std::string& macOUT)
{bool ret = false;ULONG outBufLen = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES);PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pAddresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES*)malloc(outBufLen);if (pAddresses == NULL) return false;// Make an initial call to GetAdaptersAddresses to get the necessary size into the ulOutBufLen variableif(GetAdaptersAddresses(AF_UNSPEC, 0, NULL, pAddresses, &outBufLen) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW){free(pAddresses);pAddresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES*)malloc(outBufLen);if (pAddresses == NULL) return false;}if(GetAdaptersAddresses(AF_UNSPEC, 0, NULL, pAddresses, &outBufLen) == NO_ERROR){// If successful, output some information from the data we receivedfor(PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pCurrAddresses = pAddresses; pCurrAddresses != NULL; pCurrAddresses = pCurrAddresses->Next){// 确保MAC地址的长度为 00-00-00-00-00-00if(pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddressLength != 6)continue;char acMAC[32];sprintf(acMAC, "%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X",int (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[0]),int (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[1]),int (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[2]),int (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[3]),int (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[4]),int (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[5]));macOUT = acMAC;ret = true;break;}} free(pAddresses);return ret;
}

socket

int getMac(char* mac){int sockfd;struct ifreq tmp;char macAddr[30];sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);if(sockfd<0){cout<<"create socket fail"<<endl;return -1;}memset(&tmp,0,sizeof(struct ifreq));strncpy(tmp.ifr_name,"eth0",sizeof(tmp.ifr_name)-1);if((ioctl(sockfd,SIOCGIFHWADDR,&tmp))<0){cout<<"mac ioctl error"<<endl;return -1;}sprintf(macAddr,"%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",(unsigned char)tmp.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[0],(unsigned char)tmp.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[1],(unsigned char)tmp.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[2],(unsigned char)tmp.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[3],(unsigned char)tmp.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[4],(unsigned char)tmp.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data[5]);close(sockfd);memcpy(mac,macAddr,strlen(macAddr));return 0;
}

SendARP

include "stdio.h"
#include "winsock2.h"
#include "iphlpapi.h"
// #pragma comment(lib,"C:\Program Files\Borland\CBuilder6\Lib\Psdk\iphlpapi.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"iphlpapi.lib")int Stat[255];
String IPs[255];
String MACs[255];#define maxThread 60
Mthread *thread[maxThread]; // 线程地址String GetMAC(String IP,int & rs) // 取IP地址对应的MAC地址
{unsigned char mac[6];ULONG MacLen=6;ULONG DestIP=inet_addr(IP.c_str());rs=SendARP(DestIP,(ULONG)NULL,(PULONG)mac,(PULONG)&MacLen);String MACs="";if (rs==0){char buf[32];sprintf(buf,"%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X",(unsigned int)mac[0],(unsigned int)mac[1],(unsigned int)mac[2],(unsigned int)mac[3],(unsigned int)mac[4],(unsigned int)mac[5]);MACs=buf;}return(MACs);
}

WMI

#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
#include <string>#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")int main(int argc, char **argv)
{HRESULT hres;// Initialize COM.hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED);if (FAILED(hres)){cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. "<< "Error code = 0x"<< hex << hres << endl;return 1;              // Program has failed.}// Initialize hres = CoInitializeSecurity(NULL,-1,      // COM negotiates service                  NULL,    // Authentication servicesNULL,    // ReservedRPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT,    // authenticationRPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,  // ImpersonationNULL,             // Authentication info EOAC_NONE,        // Additional capabilitiesNULL              // Reserved);if (FAILED(hres)){cout << "Failed to initialize security. "<< "Error code = 0x"<< hex << hres << endl;CoUninitialize();return 1;          // Program has failed.}// Obtain the initial locator to Windows Management// on a particular host computer.IWbemLocator *pLoc = 0;hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemLocator,0,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *)&pLoc);if (FAILED(hres)){cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object. "<< "Error code = 0x"<< hex << hres << endl;CoUninitialize();return 1;       // Program has failed.}IWbemServices *pSvc = 0;// Connect to the root\cimv2 namespace with the// current user and obtain pointer pSvc// to make IWbemServices calls.hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(_bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"), // WMI namespaceNULL,                    // User nameNULL,                    // User password0,                       // LocaleNULL,                    // Security flags                 0,                       // Authority       0,                       // Context object&pSvc                    // IWbemServices proxy);if (FAILED(hres)){cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x"<< hex << hres << endl;pLoc->Release();CoUninitialize();return 1;                // Program has failed.}cout << "Connected to ROOT\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;// Set the IWbemServices proxy so that impersonation// of the user (client) occurs.hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(pSvc,                         // the proxy to setRPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT,            // authentication serviceRPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE,             // authorization serviceNULL,                         // Server principal nameRPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL,       // authentication levelRPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,  // impersonation levelNULL,                         // client identity EOAC_NONE                     // proxy capabilities     );if (FAILED(hres)){cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x"<< hex << hres << endl;pSvc->Release();pLoc->Release();CoUninitialize();return 1;               // Program has failed.}// Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI. // Make requests here:// For example, query for all the running processesIEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(bstr_t("WQL"),bstr_t("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapter"),WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL,&pEnumerator);if (FAILED(hres)){cout << "Query for processes failed. "<< "Error code = 0x"<< hex << hres << endl;pSvc->Release();pLoc->Release();CoUninitialize();return 1;               // Program has failed.}else{IWbemClassObject *pclsObj;ULONG uReturn = 0;while (pEnumerator){hres = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1,&pclsObj, &uReturn);if (0 == uReturn){break;}VARIANT vtProp;VARIANT vtProp2;// Get the value of the Name propertyhres = pclsObj->Get(L"Description", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);WCHAR* des;  des = vtProp.bstrVal;hres = pclsObj->Get(L"MACAddress", 0, &vtProp2, 0, 0);WCHAR* mac;mac = vtProp2.bstrVal;if (mac != NULL && des != NULL){wcout << "Description: " << des << endl;wcout << "Description: " << mac << endl;}VariantClear(&vtProp);VariantClear(&vtProp2);}}// Cleanup// ========pSvc->Release();pLoc->Release();CoUninitialize();return 0;
}

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[机器码] 获取 MAC 地址的几种方法

Netbios

DeviceIoControl

ipconfig /all

SNMP

GetAdaptersInfo

GetAdaptersAddresses

socket

SendARP

WMI

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