SpringBoot与SpringCloud集成

SpringBoot与SpringCloud集成：

简介

Spring Cloud是一系列框架的有序集合。它利用Spring Boot的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施的开发，如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控，都可以用Spring Boot的开发风格做到一键启动和部署。Spring Cloud并没有重复制造轮子，它只是将目前各家公司开发的比较成熟、经得起实际考验的服务框架组合起来，通过Spring Boot风格进行再封装屏蔽掉了复杂的配置和实现原理，最终给开发者留出了一套简单易懂、易部署和易维护的分布式系统开发工具包。

关于微服务相关文档可以点击此处查看。

常用组件

服务发现——Netflix Eureka
客服端负载均衡——Netflix Ribbon
断路器——Netflix Hystrix
服务网关——Netflix Zuul
分布式配置——Spring Cloud Config

在后续的学习中,会给大家继续介绍。

步骤

创建项目

项目结构如下,eureka-server外，在创建项目时选中Eureka Server 其余都应该为Eureka Discovery

pom文件配置

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <parent>        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>        <version>1.5.20.RELEASE</version>        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->    </parent>    <groupId>com.hph</groupId>    <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>    <name>eureka-server</name>    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>        <java.version>1.8</java.version>        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR5</spring-cloud.version>    </properties>

    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>        </dependency>

        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>        <dependencies>            <dependency>                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>                <type>pom</type>                <scope>import</scope>            </dependency>        </dependencies>    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>    </build>

</project>

在eureka-server中我们添加application.yml配置文件。

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server:  port: 8761eureka:  instance:    hostname: eureka-server  # eureka实例的主机名  client:    register-with-eureka: false #不把自己注册到eureka上    fetch-registry: false #不从eureka上来获取服务的注册信息    service-url:      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

在EurekaServerApplication中我们添加@EnableEurekaServer 注解

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package com.hph.eurek;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer  //添加@SpringBootApplicationpublic class EurekaServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);    }

}

启动项目

provider

下面我们来编写provider项目代码

pom文件配置如下

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <parent>        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>        <version>1.5.20.RELEASE</version>        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->    </parent>    <groupId>com.hph</groupId>    <artifactId>provider-ticket</artifactId>    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>    <name>provider-ticket</name>    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>        <java.version>1.8</java.version>        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR5</spring-cloud.version>    </properties>

    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>        </dependency>

        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>        <dependencies>            <dependency>                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>                <type>pom</type>                <scope>import</scope>            </dependency>        </dependencies>    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>    </build>

</project>

创建服务

项目结构如图所使

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package com.hph.provider.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Servicepublic class TicketService {    public String getTicket(){        return "《复仇者联盟4：终局之战》";    }

配置视图控制器

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package com.hph.provider.controller;

import com.hph.provider.service.TicketService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestControllerpublic class TicketController {

    @Autowired    TicketService ticketService;

    @GetMapping("/ticket")    public String getTicket() {        return ticketService.getTicket();    }}

编写配置文件

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server:  port: 8001spring:  application:    name: provider-ticket

eureka:  instance:    prefer-ip-address: true # 注册服务的时候使用服务的ip地址  client:    service-url:      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

启动服务

再去查看一下服务端

服务成功注册。

我们可以更换服务端口把它打成jar包实现多服务的注册测试。

consumer

consumer端项目结构如下

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package com.hph.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@EnableDiscoveryClient //开启发现服务功能@SpringBootApplicationpublic class ConsumerUserApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerUserApplication.class, args);    }

    @LoadBalanced  //使用负载均衡机制    @Bean    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {        return new RestTemplate();    }}

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package com.hph.consumer.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestControllerpublic class UserController {

    @Autowired    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/buy")    public String buyTicket(String name) {        //此参数为注册在Eureka中的服务        String ticketName = restTemplate.getForObject("http://PROVIDER-TICKET/ticket", String.class);        return name + "购买了" + ticketName;

    }}

启动后我们发现在Eureka上注册了另外一个服务

测试

我们访问consumer8200端口的buy方法。我们可以说这个服务时负载均衡的。它使用了轮询的方式。

后续会继续学习关于SpringClould的相关知识。