使用WASAPI捕获声卡音频

参考文档：

主要的代码参考了官方文档的 Capturing a Stream 和 Loopback Recording 两篇
WAVHead 代码参考了 C++生成简单WAV文件（三）——根据简谱生成菊花台

直接上代码

主体代码：

#include "pch.h"
#include "WAVHead.h"using namespace std;//-----------------------------------------------------------
// Record an audio stream from the default audio capture
// device. The RecordAudioStream function allocates a shared
// buffer big enough to hold one second of PCM audio data.
// The function uses this buffer to stream data from the
// capture device. The main loop runs every 1/2 second.
//-----------------------------------------------------------// REFERENCE_TIME time units per second and per millisecond
#define REFTIMES_PER_SEC  10000000
#define REFTIMES_PER_MILLISEC  10000#define EXIT_ON_ERROR(hres)  \if (FAILED(hres)) { goto Exit; }
#define SAFE_RELEASE(punk)  \if ((punk) != NULL)  \{ (punk)->Release(); (punk) = NULL; }const CLSID CLSID_MMDeviceEnumerator = __uuidof(MMDeviceEnumerator);
const IID IID_IMMDeviceEnumerator = __uuidof(IMMDeviceEnumerator);
const IID IID_IAudioClient = __uuidof(IAudioClient);
const IID IID_IAudioCaptureClient = __uuidof(IAudioCaptureClient);vector<BYTE> body;
unsigned int recordCount = 20;// 2147483648;HRESULT RecordAudioStream()
{HRESULT hr;REFERENCE_TIME hnsRequestedDuration = REFTIMES_PER_SEC;REFERENCE_TIME hnsActualDuration;UINT32 bufferFrameCount;UINT32 numFramesAvailable;IMMDeviceEnumerator *pEnumerator = NULL;IMMDevice *pDevice = NULL;IAudioClient *pAudioClient = NULL;IAudioCaptureClient *pCaptureClient = NULL;WAVEFORMATEX *pwfx = NULL;UINT32 packetLength = 0;BOOL bDone = FALSE;BYTE *pData;DWORD flags;hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_MMDeviceEnumerator, NULL, CLSCTX_ALL,IID_IMMDeviceEnumerator, (void**)&pEnumerator);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)hr = pEnumerator->GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(eRender, eConsole, &pDevice);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)hr = pDevice->Activate(IID_IAudioClient, CLSCTX_ALL, NULL, (void**)&pAudioClient);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)// 因为接下来要手动指定音频格式，所以就不需要了// hr = pAudioClient->GetMixFormat(&pwfx);// EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)WAVEFORMATEX waveFormat;waveFormat.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;waveFormat.nChannels = 2;waveFormat.nSamplesPerSec = 48000;waveFormat.nAvgBytesPerSec = 192000;waveFormat.wBitsPerSample = 16;waveFormat.nBlockAlign = 4;waveFormat.cbSize = 0;pwfx = &waveFormat;hr = pAudioClient->Initialize(   AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED,AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_LOOPBACK,hnsRequestedDuration, 0, pwfx, NULL);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)// Get the size of the allocated buffer.hr = pAudioClient->GetBufferSize(&bufferFrameCount);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)hr = pAudioClient->GetService(IID_IAudioCaptureClient, (void**)&pCaptureClient);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)// Notify the audio sink which format to use.// 如上一行注释，以下的代码是将获取到的音频格式传给另外的类（自己定义的），同样的，因为// 手动制定了音频格式，所以就不需要通知了// hr = pMySink->SetFormat(pwfx);// EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)// Calculate the actual duration of the allocated buffer.hnsActualDuration = (double)REFTIMES_PER_SEC * bufferFrameCount / pwfx->nSamplesPerSec;hr = pAudioClient->Start();  // Start recording.EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)// Each loop fills about half of the shared buffer.while (bDone == FALSE && recordCount > 0){// Sleep for half the buffer duration.// 如需降低延迟，可删除以下代码Sleep(hnsActualDuration / REFTIMES_PER_MILLISEC / 2);hr = pCaptureClient->GetNextPacketSize(&packetLength);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)while (packetLength != 0){// Get the available data in the shared buffer.hr = pCaptureClient->GetBuffer(&pData, &numFramesAvailable, &flags, NULL, NULL);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)if (flags & AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS_SILENT){pData = NULL;  // Tell CopyData to write silence.}// Copy the available capture data to the audio sink.// 如上一行注释，以下代码是将捕获到的音频数据传给另外的类处理，因为接下// 来就要在这里处理了，所以也不需要了// hr = pMySink->CopyData(pData, numFramesAvailable, &bDone);// EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)int dataSize = numFramesAvailable * 4;for (int i = 0; i < dataSize; i++) {BYTE tem = pData[i];body.push_back(pData[i]);}hr = pCaptureClient->ReleaseBuffer(numFramesAvailable);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)hr = pCaptureClient->GetNextPacketSize(&packetLength);EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)}recordCount--;}hr = pAudioClient->Stop();  // Stop recording.EXIT_ON_ERROR(hr)Exit:// CoTaskMemFree(pwfx);SAFE_RELEASE(pEnumerator)SAFE_RELEASE(pDevice)SAFE_RELEASE(pAudioClient)SAFE_RELEASE(pCaptureClient)return hr;
}int main() {CoInitialize(NULL);RecordAudioStream();CoUninitialize();WAVHead head;head.setSize(body.size());ofstream ocout;ocout.open("1214.wav", ios::out | ios::binary);ocout.write((char*)&head, sizeof head);for (BYTE n : body) {ocout.write((char*)&n, 1);}ocout.close();return 0;
}

pch.h

#ifndef PCH_H
#define PCH_H// TODO: 添加要在此处预编译的标头
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>#include <dshow.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <winerror.h>
#include <mmdeviceapi.h>
#include <Functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h>#include <Audioclient.h>
#include <audiopolicy.h>#endif //PCH_H

WAVHead.h

#pragma once
class WAVHead
{
public:WAVHead();~WAVHead();void setSize(int);long int getsa();long int getsize();
private:char RIFFChunkID[4];        // 4 Bytes  文档标识 long int RIFFChunkSize;        // 4 Bytes  文件数据长度char Format[4];               // 4 Bytes  文件格式类型char FMTChunkID[4];           // 4 Bytes  格式快标识long int FMTChunkSize;     // 4 Bytes  格式快长度short int AudioFormat;     // 2 Bytes  编码格式代码short int NumChannels;        // 2 Bytes  声道个数long int SampleRate;        // 4 Bytes  采样频率long int ByteRate;          // 4 Bytes  数据传输速率short int BlockAlign;     // 2 Bytes  数据块对齐位short int BitsPerSample;  // 2 Bytes  采样位数char DataChunkID[4];        // 2 Byteslong int DataChunkSize;};

WAVHead.cpp

#include "pch.h"
#include "WAVHead.h"WAVHead::WAVHead()
{strcpy(RIFFChunkID, "RIFF");RIFFChunkSize = 0;strcpy(Format, "WAVE");strcpy(FMTChunkID, "fmt ");FMTChunkSize = 16;AudioFormat = 1;NumChannels = 2;SampleRate = 48000;ByteRate = 192000;BlockAlign = 4;BitsPerSample = 16;strcpy(DataChunkID, "data");DataChunkSize = 0;
}WAVHead::~WAVHead()
{
}void WAVHead::setSize(int size) {RIFFChunkSize = size + 30;DataChunkSize = size;
}
long int WAVHead::getsa() {return SampleRate;
}
long int WAVHead::getsize() {return DataChunkSize;
}

接下来修改 RealTek HD 音频管理器里的设置为 16位 48000Hz

关于最后一行注释掉的代码：

CoTaskMemFree(pwfx);

官方文档 CoTaskMemFree function 中说道：

Frees a block of task memory previously allocated through a call to the CoTaskMemAlloc
or CoTaskMemRealloc function.

因为 pwfx 并不是由 CoTaskMemAlloc or CoTaskMemRealloc 分配的，所以也就不用调用 CoTaskMemFree 释放。

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