SED详解

sed并不是直接对源文件进行处理，而是每次从文件中读取一行，复制出来一份放在自己的模式空间，如果能匹配到pattern，则对结果进行处理，即交给保持空间，如果不能匹配，则不进行处理。

sed：过滤或者转换文本，使用方法：

sed [OPTION]… {script-only-if-no-other-script} [input-file]…

script：地址定界编辑命令

常用选项：

-n：不输出模式空间中的内容（处理过程）

-e：实现多点编辑，即可以使用多个命令

-f：/PATH/TO/SED_SCRIPT_FILE，指定脚本文件，每行一个命令

-r：支持使用扩展正则表达式

-i：直接编辑源文件

地址定界

1、空地址：对全文进行处理；

2、单地址：

#：指定行

/pattern/：被次模式匹配到的每一行

3、地址范围：

#，#：

#，+#：

#，/pattern/

/pattern1/，/pattern2/

$最后一行

4、步进：~

1~2：所有奇数行

2~2：所有偶数行

编辑命令

删除：d

[root@Hank ~]# cat test.txt
Love makes the world go around
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

删除第1-5行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed '1,5d' test.txt
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

删除以Love开头的行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed '/^Love/d' test.txt
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English

打印：p

显示奇数行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed '1~2p' test.txt
Love makes the world go around
Love makes the world go around
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

通过输出发现符合条件的行被输出了两次，这是由于默认显示模式空间的内容，而匹配处理后，再次输出，所以显示了两次，要想去掉处理过程，需要加-n参数禁止显示处理过程：

[root@Hank ~]# sed -n '1~2p' test.txt
Love makes the world go around
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

追加：a

a\text，在指定行后面追加文本text，支持使用\n实现多行追加

在H\L开头的行后面追加一行文本：

[root@Hank ~]# sed  '/^[HL]/a\***************' test.txt
Love makes the world go around
***************
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
***************
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
***************
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness
***************

插入：i

i\text，在指定行前面插入text，支持使用\n实现多行追加

在第一行前追加两行文本

[root@Hank ~]# sed '1i\This is a new text.\nThis is another new line' test.txt
This is a new text.
This is another new line
Love makes the world go around
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

替换：c

c\text，把匹配到的行替换为text

把含逗号的行替换掉

[root@Hank ~]# sed   '/,/c\**************' test.txt
Love makes the world go around
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
**************
**************
**************
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

另存：w

w /PATH/TO/FILE：保存模式空间匹配到的行到指定的文件中

把以H开头的行保存到/tmp/newtext中：

[root@Hank ~]# sed -n  '/^H/w /tmp/newtext' test.txt
[root@Hank ~]# cat /tmp/newtext
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,

读取：r

r /PATH/TO/FILE：读取指定文件的内容至当前文件被模式空间匹配到的行处

把/tmp/newtext追加到第3行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed '3r /tmp/newtext' test.txt
Love makes the world go around
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

行号：=

为匹配到的行打印行号：

[root@Hank ~]# sed '2~2=' test.txt
Love makes the world go around
2
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
4
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
6
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

取反：！

显示不是以s结尾的行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed -n '/s$/!p' test.txt
Love makes the world go around
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English

查找替换：s///

其分隔符可以自行指定，常用的有s@@@，s###等；

替换标记：

g：全局替换

w /PATH/TO/FILE：将替换成功的行保存至文件

p：只显示替换成功的行

把所有行的末尾同意替换为句号：

首先看一下各行结尾

[root@Hank ~]# cat -A test.txt
Love makes the world go around$
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class$
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world $
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,$
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,$
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English $
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness$

发现第3行，第5行结尾有空格，4、5行以逗号结尾，其他行结尾没有标点，执行替换：

[root@Hank ~]# sed -r 's/ $|,$|$/./g' test.txt
Love makes the world go around.
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class.
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world.
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman.
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye.
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English.
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness.

获取文件所在目录：

[root@Hank ~]# echo "/var/log/messages"|sed 's/[^/]\+$//'
/var/log/
[root@Hank ~]# echo "/var/log/messages/" | sed 's@[^/]\+/\?$@@'
/var/log/

高级编辑命令

h：把模式空间的内容覆盖至保存空间

H：把模式空间的内容追加到保存空间

g：把保持空间的内容覆盖至模式空间

G：把保持空间的内容追加至模式空间

x：把模式空间的内容与保持空间的内容互换

n：覆盖读取匹配的行的下一行至模式空间中

N：追加读取匹配到的行的下一行至模式空间中

d：删除模式空间中的行

D：删除多行模式空间中的所有行

显示偶数行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed -n 'n;p' test.txt
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English

删除偶数行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed 'n;d' test.txt
Love makes the world go around
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

按行逆序显示文件内容：相当于tail

[root@Hank ~]# sed '1!G;h;$!d' test.txt
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,
Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,
Only when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world
It is important for us to learn to love as the first class
Love makes the world go around

显示最后一行：相当于tail -1

[root@Hank ~]# sed '$!d' test.txt
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

显示文件后两行：相当于tail -2

[root@Hank ~]# sed '$!N;$!D' test.txt
Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English
Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

删除原来的所有空行，并在每行下填充一个空白行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed '/^$/d;G' test.txt
Love makes the world go aroundIt is important for us to learn to love as the first classOnly when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

在原有的每行下，都添加一个空白行,不删除原来的空行：

[root@Hank ~]# sed 'G' test.txt
Love makes the world go aroundIt is important for us to learn to love as the first classOnly when you know how to love than you will be a real man in this world Hello,Good morning,lady and gentleman,How do you do,glod to meet you,Im Zhao Ye,Im Studuing Xi Da Jie primary school of Jiuquan,my topic is: I love English Love brings us warmth in the fearful coldness

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Linux中sed命令详解

SED详解

常用选项：

地址定界

编辑命令

删除：d

打印：p

追加：a

插入：i

另存：w

读取：r

行号：=

取反：！

查找替换：s///

高级编辑命令

Linux中sed命令详解相关推荐

最新文章

热门文章

Linux中sed命令详解

SED详解

常用选项：

地址定界

编辑命令

删除：d

打印：p

追加：a

插入：i

另存：w

读取：r

行号 ：=

取反：！

查找替换：s///

高级编辑命令

Linux中sed命令详解相关推荐

最新文章

热门文章

行号：=