姜汝祥是个骗子吗

pho·ny also pho·ney (fō'nē) adj. pho·ni·er, pho·ni·est 1.   a. Not genuine or real; counterfeit: a phony credit card.   b. False; spurious: a phony name. 2. Not honest or truthful; deceptive: a phony excuse. 3.   a. Insincere or hypocritical.   b. Giving a false impression of truth or authenticity; specious.[0]

pho·ny also pho·ney (fō'nē)adj。 phoni ， phoniest 1. a。 不真实的或不真实的； 伪造品：伪造的信用卡。 b。 假; 虚假的：假名。 2.不诚实或不诚实； 欺骗性的：欺骗的借口。 3 。 虚伪或虚伪的。 b。 给人以虚假的真实或真实印象； 似是而非。[0]

Along with my regular job at Microsoft I also mentor a number of developers and program managers. I spoke to a young man recently who is extremely thoughtful and talented and he confessed he was having a crisis of confidence. He was getting stuck on things he didn't think he should be getting stuck on, not moving projects forward, and it was starting to seep into his regular life.

除了在Microsoft的日常工作外，我还指导许多开发人员和程序经理。 我最近采访了一个年轻人，他非常有思想和才华，他坦白说自己正处于信心危机中。 他被卡在他不认为自己应该卡在的东西上，没有推进项目，而且这开始渗入他的常规生活。

He said:

他说：

"Deep down know I’m ok. Programming since 13, graduated top of CS degree, got into Microsoft – but [I feel like I'm] an imposter."

“内心深处知道我没事。从13岁开始编程，毕业于CS学士学位，进入了Microsoft –但是[我觉得我是个冒名顶替者。“

I told him, straight up, You Are Not Alone.

我直截了当地告诉他，“你并不孤单”。

For example, I've got 30 domains and I've only done something awesome with 3 of them. Sometimes when I log into my DNS manager I just see 27 failures. I think to myself, there's 27 potential businesses, 27 potential cool open source projects just languishing. If you knew anything you'd have made those happen. What a phony.

例如，我有30个域，而其中只有3个域做的很棒。 有时，当我登录DNS管理器时，只会看到27个失败。 我认为对我来说，有27个潜在的业务，27个潜在的酷开源项目正在花一现。 如果您知道任何事情，那么您将会实现这些目标。 真是个假话。

I hit Zero Email a week ago, now I'm at 122 today in my Inbox and it's stressing me out. And I teach people how to manage their inboxes. What a phony.

我一周前打了“零电子邮件”，现在我的收件箱中的数字是122，这让我感到压力很大。 我教人们如何管理收件箱。 真是个假话。

When I was 21 I was untouchable. I thought I was a gift to the world and you couldn't tell me anything. The older I get the more I realize that I'm just never going to get it all, and I don't think as fast as I used to. What a phony.

当我21岁时，我无法动弹。 我以为我是送给全世界的礼物，您什么也不能告诉我。 我越老，我就会意识到我永远都无法获得全部，而且我没有以前想的那么快。 真是个假话。

I try to learn a new language each year and be a Polyglot Programmer but I can feel F# leaking out of my head as I type this and I still can't get my head around really poetic idiomatic Ruby. What a phony.

我每年尝试学习一种新语言并成为一名多语种程序员，但是当我键入此字时，我会感觉到F＃从头上漏了出来，但我仍然无法绕开真正诗意的惯用Ruby。 真是个假话。

I used to speak Spanish really well and I still study Zulu with my wife but I spoke to a native Spanish speaker today and realize I'm lucky if I can order a burrito. I've all but forgotten my years of Amharic. My Arabic, Hindi and Chinese have atrophied into catch phrases at this point. What a phony. (Clarification: This one is not intended as a humblebrag. I was a linguist and languages were part of my identity and I'm losing that and it makes me sad.)

我以前的西班牙语说得非常好，但我仍然和妻子一起学习祖鲁语，但是今天我和一位说西班牙语的人交谈，意识到我很幸运能订购墨西哥卷饼。 我几乎忘记了我的阿姆哈拉语。 我的阿拉伯语，北印度语和中文在这一点上已经变得流行。 真是个假话。 (澄清：这不是一个卑鄙的自夸。我是一名语言学家，语言是我身份的一部分，我正在失去它，这让我很难过。 )

But here's the thing. We all feel like phonies sometimes. We are all phonies. That's how we grow. We get into situations that are just a little more than we can handle, or we get in a little over our heads. Then we can handle them, and we aren't phonies, and we move on to the next challenge.

但是，这就是事情。 有时候我们都觉得自己像个骗子。 我们都是骗子。 那就是我们成长的方式。 我们所遇到的情况超出了我们所能应付的范围，或者我们陷入了沉思。 然后我们可以处理它们，而我们不是假冒的人，我们将继续下一个挑战。

The idea of the Imposter Syndrome is not a new one.

冒名顶替综合症的概念并不是一个新概念。

Despite external evidence of their competence, those with the syndrome remain convinced that they are frauds and do not deserve the success they have achieved. Proof of success is dismissed as luck, timing, or as a result of deceiving others into thinking they are more intelligent and competent than they believe themselves to be.

尽管有外部证据显示他们的能力，但患有该综合征的人仍然坚信他们是欺诈，不应该获得成功。 成功的证明不被认为是运气，时机或欺骗他人以为他们认为自己比自己想象的要聪明和胜任。

The opposite of this is even more interesting, the Dunning-Kruger effect. You may have had a manager or two with this issue. ;)

与之相反的是，唐宁-克鲁格效应更有趣。 您可能有一个或两个经理遇到此问题。 ;)

The Dunning–Kruger effect is a cognitive bias in which unskilled people make poor decisions and reach erroneous conclusions, but their incompetence denies them the metacognitive ability to recognize their mistakes.

邓宁-克鲁格效应是一种认知偏见，在这种偏见中，非熟练人员做出错误的决定并得出错误的结论，但他们的无能否认了他们识别错误的元认知能力。

It's a great read for a Wikipedia article, but here's the best line and the one you should remember.

对于Wikipedia的文章来说，这是一本不错的书，但是这是最好的一句话，您应该记住。

...people with true ability tended to underestimate their relative competence.

...具有真正能力的人往往低估了他们的相对能力。

I got an email from a podcast listener a few years ago. I remembered it when writing this post, found it in the archives and I'm including some of it here with emphasis mine.

几年前，我收到一封来自播客听众的电子邮件。 我在写这篇文章时记得它，并在档案中找到它，并且其中一些是我的重点。

I am a regular listener to your podcast and have great respect for you.  With that in mind, I was quite shocked to hear you say on a recent podcast, "Everyone is lucky to have a job" and apply that you include yourself in this sentiment.

我是您播客的固定收听者，对您表示敬意。 考虑到这一点，听到您在最近的播客上说“每个人都很幸运”并申请将您包括在内，我感到非常震惊。

I have heard developers much lesser than your stature indicate a much more healthy (and accurate) attitude that they feel they are good enough that they can get a job whenever they want and so it's not worth letting their current job cause them stress.  Do you seriously think that you would have a hard time getting a job or for that matter starting your own business?  If you do, you have a self-image problem that you should seriously get help with. 

我听说开发人员比您的地位要低得多，他们表明他们的健康(准确)态度要好得多，他们认为自己足够好，可以随时随地找到工作，因此，不值得让当前的工作给他们带来压力。 您是否真的认为您会很难找到工作或就此开展自己的事业？ 如果这样做，您将遇到自我形象问题，应该认真寻求帮助。

But it's actually not you I'm really concerned about... it's your influence on your listeners.  If they hear that you are worried about their job, they may be influenced to feel that surely they should be worried. 

但这并不是我真正关心的问题，而是您对听众的影响。 如果他们听说您担心他们的工作，则他们可能会受到影响，以为他们肯定应该担心。

I really appreciated what this listener said and emailed him so. Perhaps my attitude is a Western Cultural thing, or a uniquely American one. I'd be interested in what you think, Dear Non-US Reader. I maintain that most of us feel this way sometimes. Perhaps we're unable to admit it. When I see programmers with blog titles like "I'm a freaking ninja" or "bad ass world's greatest programmer" I honestly wonder if they are delusional or psychotic. Maybe they just aren't very humble.

我真的很感谢这位听众所说的话，并通过电子邮件发送给他。 也许我的态度是西方文化的东西，还是美国独特的东西。 亲爱的非美国读者，我会对您的想法感兴趣。 我坚持认为，我们大多数人有时都会有这种感觉。 也许我们无法接受。 当我看到程序员的博客标题为“我是个疯狂的忍者”或“坏蛋世界上最伟大的程序员”时，我真的想知道他们是妄想还是精神病。 也许他们不是很谦虚。

I stand by my original statement that I feel like a phony sometimes. Sometimes I joke, "Hey, it's a good day, my badge still works" or I answer "How are you?" with "I'm still working." I do that because it's true. I'm happy to have a job, while I could certainly work somewhere else. Do I need to work at Microsoft? Of course not. I could probably work anywhere if I put my mind to it, even the IT department at Little Debbie Snack Cakes. I use insecurity as a motivator to achieve and continue teaching.

我坚持我最初的声明，即有时我感到自己是假的。 有时我开玩笑说：“嘿，今天很好，我的徽章仍然有效”，或者我回答“你好吗？” 和“我还在工作”。 我这样做是因为这是真的。 我很高兴能找到一份工作，而我当然可以在其他地方工作。 我需要在Microsoft工作吗？ 当然不是。 如果我全神贯注，甚至在Little Debbie Snack Cakes的IT部门，我都可以在任何地方工作。 我以不安全感为动力来实现并继续教学。

I asked some friends if they felt this way and here's some of what they said.

我问了一些朋友，他们是否有这种感觉，这就是他们所说的。

• Totally! Not. I've worked hard to develop and hone my craft, I try to be innovative, and deliver results.

  完全！ 不。 我一直在努力发展和磨练自己的技巧，我努力创新，并取得成果。

• Plenty of times! Most recently I started a new job where I've been doing a lot of work in a language I'm rusty in and all the "Woot I've been doing 10 years worth of X language" doesn't mean jack. Very eye opening, very humbling, very refreshing

  很多次！ 最近，我开始了一份新工作，在那里我一直在用一种生锈的语言来做很多工作，而所有“我已经在X语言上做了10年的东西了”并不意味着杰克。 非常睁开，非常谦虚，非常清爽

• Quite often actually, especially on sites like stack overflow. It can be pretty intimidating and demotivating at times. Getting started in open source as well. I usually get over it and just tell myself that I just haven't encountered a particular topic before so I'm not an expert at it yet. I then dive in and learn all I can about it.

  实际上，通常是相当多的，尤其是在堆栈溢出之类的网站上。 有时可能会令人生畏和沮丧。 以及开源入门。 我通常会克服这个问题，只是告诉自己，我之前从未遇到过某个特定的话题，所以我还不是一个专家。 然后，我潜入并学习所有关于它的知识。

  Quite often actually, especially on sites like stack overflow. It can be pretty intimidating and demotivating at times. Getting started in open source as well. I usually get over it and just tell myself that I just haven't encountered a particular topic before so I'm not an expert at it yet. I then dive in and learn all I can about it.

  实际上，通常是相当多的，尤其是在堆栈溢出之类的网站上。 有时这可能会令人生畏和沮丧。 以及开源入门。 我通常会克服这个问题，只是告诉自己，我之前从未遇到过某个特定的话题，所以我还不是一个专家。 然后，我潜入并学习所有关于它的知识。

• I always feel like a phony just biding my time until I'm found out. It definitely motivates me to excel further, hoping to outrun that sensation that I'm going to be called out for something I can't do

  我总是觉得自己很虚伪，只是花时间直到被发现。 它肯定会激励我进一步超越自我，希望超越那种我会因无法做的事情而被召唤的感觉。

  I always feel like a phony just biding my time until I'm found out. It definitely motivates me to excel further, hoping to outrun that sensation that I'm going to be called out for something I can't do

  我总是觉得自己很虚伪，只是花时间直到被发现。 它肯定会激励我进一步超越自我，希望超越那种我会因无法做的事情而被召唤的感觉。

• Phony? I don't. If anything, I wish I was doing more stuff on a grander scale. But I'm content with where I am now (entrepreneurship and teaching).

  假？ 我不。 如果有的话，我希望我能做更大的工作。 但是我对自己现在的位置感到满意(创业和教学)。

  Phony? I don't. If anything, I wish I was doing more stuff on a grander scale. But I'm content with where I am now (entrepreneurship and teaching).

  假？ 我不。 如果有的话，我希望我能做更大的工作。 但是我对自己现在的位置感到满意(创业和教学)。

• I think you are only a phony when you reflect your past work and don't feel comfortable about your own efforts and achievements.

  我认为当您反思自己过去的工作并且对自己的努力和成就感到不满意时，您只是个假话。

• Hell, no. I work my ass off. I own up to what I don't know, admit my mistakes, give credit freely to other when it's due and spend a lot of time always trying to learn more. I never feel like a phony.

  一定不行。 我努力工作。 我对自己不了解的东西负责，承认自己的错误，在应有的时候自由地给予他人以功劳，并花费大量的时间来尝试学习更多。 我从不觉得自己像个骗子。

  Hell, no. I work my ass off. I own up to what I don't know, admit my mistakes, give credit freely to other when it's due and spend a lot of time always trying to learn more. I never feel like a phony.

  一定不行。 我努力工作。 我对自己不了解的东西负责，承认自己的错误，在应有的时候自由地给予他人以功劳，并花费大量的时间来尝试学习更多。 我从不觉得自己像个骗子。

• Quite often. I don't truly think I'm a phony, but certainly there are crises of confidence that happen... particularly when I get stuck on something and start thrashing.

  经常。 我并不是真的认为我是个骗子，但是肯定会发生信心危机……尤其是当我陷入困境并开始ing打时。

There are some folks who totally have self-confidence. Of the comment sample above, there are three "I don't feel like a phony" comments. But check this out: two of those folks aren't in IT. Perhaps IT people are more likely to have low self-confidence?

有些人完全有自信心。 在上面的评论示例中，有三个“我感觉不像是伪造”评论。 但是请检查一下：其中有两个人不在IT领域。 也许IT人员更有可能缺乏自信心？

The important thing is to recognize this: If you are reading this or any blog, writing a blog of your own, or working in IT, you are probably in the top 1% of the wealth in the world. It may not feel like it, but you are very fortunate and likely very skilled. There are a thousand reasons why you are where you are and your self-confidence and ability are just one factor. It's OK to feel like a phony sometimes. It's healthy if it's moves you forward.

重要的是要认识到这一点：如果您正在阅读此博客或任何博客，撰写自己的博客或在IT部门工作，那么您可能位于全球财富的前1％。 可能不喜欢它，但是您很幸运，而且很熟练。 有千种原因可以说明您身在何处，而您的自信和能力只是其中一个因素。 有时候感觉像是假的是可以的。 如果它使您前进，那是健康的。

I'll leave you with this wonderful comment from Dave Ward:

我会给您留下Dave Ward的精彩评论：

I think the more you know, the more you realize just how much you don't know. So paradoxically, the deeper down the rabbit hole you go, the more you might tend to fixate on the growing collection of unlearned peripheral concepts that you become conscious of along the way.

我认为您了解得越多，您就越了解不知道的内容。 因此，自相矛盾的是，您越深入兔子洞，您就越倾向于专注于越来越多的未学习的外围概念的集合，而这些概念在您逐渐意识到的过程中会越来越多。

That can manifest itself as feelings of fraudulence when people are calling you a "guru" or "expert" while you're internally overwhelmed by the ever-expanding volumes of things you're learning that you don't know.

当人们在内部不知所措的事情不断扩大而使您不知所措时，当人们称您为“专家”或“专家”时，这可能表现为欺诈的感觉。

However, I think it's important to tamp those insecurities down and continue on with confidence enough to continue learning. After all, you've got the advantage of having this long list of things you know you don't know, whereas most people haven't even taken the time to uncover that treasure map yet. What's more, no one else has it all figured out either. We're all just fumbling around in the adjacent possible, grasping at whatever good ideas and understanding we can manage to wrap our heads around.

但是，我认为重要的是减少这些不安全感，并以足够的信心继续学习。 毕竟，您拥有一大堆您不知道的东西的优势，而大多数人甚至还没有花时间去发现那张藏宝图。 而且，其他任何人都没有发现。 我们都只是在摸索中摸索着，掌握着任何好的想法和理解，我们可以设法将自己的头脑缠住。

Tell me your stories in the comments.

在评论中告诉我你的故事。

And remember, "Fake it til' you make it."

并记住，“伪造直到成功”。

[0] http://www.thefreedictionary.com/phony

[0] http://www.thefreedictionary.com/phony

翻译自: https://www.hanselman.com/blog/im-a-phony-are-you

姜汝祥是个骗子吗