前言

    NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(2_0) @interface UITextField : UIControl <UITextInput, NSCoding>@available(iOS 2.0, *)       public class UITextField : UIControl, UITextInput, NSCoding

1、UITextField 的创建

• Objective-C

      // 实例化 UITextField 对象UITextField *textField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 100, 200, 30)];// 将 textField 加到 window 上显示出来[self.view addSubview:textField];

• Swift

      // 实例化 UITextField 对象let textField:UITextField = UITextField(frame: CGRectMake(20, 100, 200, 30))// 将 textField 加到 window 上显示出来  self.view.addSubview(textField)

2、UITextField 的设置

• Objective-C

      // 设置边框样式/*UITextBorderStyleNone,                     无边框，默认UITextBorderStyleLine,                     直线边框UITextBorderStyleBezel,                    边框 ＋ 阴影UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect               圆角矩形边框*/textField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleLine;// 设置背景颜色/*默认是透明的*/textField.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];// 设置背景图片textField.background = [UIImage imageNamed:@"pic2"];// 设置提示文字/*用户输入时自动消失*/textField.placeholder = @"请输入用户名";// 设置输入的字体颜色textField.textColor = [UIColor redColor];// 设置文字对齐方式textField.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;// 设置最小可缩小的字号textField.minimumFontSize = 10;// 自动调整文字大小/*自动调整文字的大小以适应 textField 的宽度*/textField.adjustsFontSizeToFitWidth = YES;// 设置密文输入模式/*default is NO*/textField.secureTextEntry = YES;// 设置显示清除按钮    /*UITextFieldViewModeNever,            // defaultUITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing,UITextFieldViewModeUnlessEditing,UITextFieldViewModeAlways*/textField.clearButtonMode = UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing;// 设置键盘样式/*UIKeyboardTypeDefault,                 // Default type for the current input method.UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable,            // Displays a keyboard which can enter ASCII characters,// non-ASCII keyboards remain activeUIKeyboardTypeNumbersAndPunctuation,   // Numbers and assorted punctuation.UIKeyboardTypeURL,                     // A type optimized for URL entry.UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad,               // A number pad (0-9). Suitable for PIN entry.UIKeyboardTypePhonePad,                // A phone pad (1-9, *, 0, #, with letters under the numbers).UIKeyboardTypeNamePhonePad,            // A type optimized for entering a person's name or phone number.UIKeyboardTypeEmailAddress,            // A type optimized for multiple email address entry.UIKeyboardTypeDecimalPad,              // A number pad with a decimal point.UIKeyboardTypeTwitter,                 // A type optimized for twitter text entry (easy access to @ #)UIKeyboardTypeWebSearch,               // A default keyboard type with URL-oriented addition.UIKeyboardTypeAlphabet = UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable,      // Deprecated*/textField.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeDefault;// 设置返回键样式/*UIReturnKeyDefault,UIReturnKeyGo,UIReturnKeyGoogle,UIReturnKeyJoin,UIReturnKeyNext,UIReturnKeyRoute,UIReturnKeySearch,UIReturnKeySend,UIReturnKeyYahoo,UIReturnKeyDone,UIReturnKeyEmergencyCall,UIReturnKeyContinue NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0),*/textField.returnKeyType = UIReturnKeyJoin;// 设置输入的字母大小写模式/*UITextAutocapitalizationTypeNone,UITextAutocapitalizationTypeWords,UITextAutocapitalizationTypeSentences,UITextAutocapitalizationTypeAllCharacters,*/textField.autocapitalizationType = UITextAutocapitalizationTypeWords;// 设置左右视图显示模式/*不设置模式，左右视图显示不出来UITextFieldViewModeNever,UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing,UITextFieldViewModeUnlessEditing,UITextFieldViewModeAlways*/textField.leftViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;textField.rightViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;// 设置左右视图textField.leftView = label1;textField.rightView = label2;// 让 textField 获取第一响应/*打开应用程序或界面时直接弹出键盘*/[textField becomeFirstResponder];// 让 textField 放弃第一响应/*收起键盘*/[textField resignFirstResponder]; // 设置 textField 的代理，需遵守协议 <UITextFieldDelegate>textField.delegate = self;

• Swift

      // 设置边框样式/*case None                       无边框，默认case Line                       直线边框case Bezel                      边框 ＋ 阴影case RoundedRect                圆角矩形边框*/textField.borderStyle = .Line// 设置背景颜色/*默认是透明的*/textField.backgroundColor = UIColor.yellowColor()// 设置背景图片textField.background = UIImage(named: "pic2")// 设置提示文字/*用户输入时自动消失*/textField.placeholder = "请输入用户名"// 设置输入的字体颜色textField.textColor = UIColor.redColor()// 设置文字对齐方式textField.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.Left// 设置最小可缩小的字号textField.minimumFontSize = 10// 自动调整文字大小/*自动调整文字的大小以适应 textField 的宽度*/textField.adjustsFontSizeToFitWidth = true// 设置密文输入模式/*default is NO*/textField.secureTextEntry = true// 设置显示清除按钮/*case Never                // defaultcase WhileEditingcase UnlessEditingcase Always*/textField.clearButtonMode = .WhileEditing// 设置键盘样式/*case Default         // Default type for the current input method.case ASCIICapable    // Displays a keyboard which can enter ASCII characters, // non-ASCII keyboards remain activecase NumbersAndPunctuation  // Numbers and assorted punctuation.case URL             // A type optimized for URL entry.case NumberPad       // A number pad (0-9). Suitable for PIN entry.case PhonePad        // A phone pad (1-9, *, 0, #, with letters under the numbers).case NamePhonePad    // A type optimized for entering a person's name or phone number.case EmailAddress    // A type optimized for multiple email address entry.case DecimalPad      // A number pad with a decimal point.case Twitter         // A type optimized for twitter text entry (easy access to @ #)case WebSearch       // A default keyboard type with URL-oriented addition.public static var Alphabet: UIKeyboardType { get } // Deprecated*/textField.keyboardType = .Default// 设置返回键样式/*case Defaultcase Gocase Googlecase Joincase Nextcase Routecase Searchcase Sendcase Yahoocase Donecase EmergencyCallcase Continue*/textField.returnKeyType = .Join// 设置输入的字母大小写模式/*case Nonecase Wordscase Sentencescase AllCharacters*/textField.autocapitalizationType = .Words// 设置左右视图显示模式/*不设置模式，左右视图显示不出来case Nevercase WhileEditingcase UnlessEditingcase Always*/textField.leftViewMode = .AlwaystextField.rightViewMode = .Always// 设置左右视图textField.leftView = label1textField.rightView = label2// 让 textField 获取第一响应/*打开应用程序或界面时直接弹出键盘*/textField.becomeFirstResponder()// 让 textField 放弃第一响应/*收起键盘*/textField.resignFirstResponder()// 设置 textField 的代理，需遵守协议 UITextFieldDelegatetextField.delegate = self

3、textField 协议方法

• 协议方法，需遵守协议 UITextFieldDelegate，并设置代理

• Objective-C

      // 将要开始编辑，编辑开始前被调用- (BOOL)textFieldShouldBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField {return YES;}// 已经开始编辑，编辑开始后被调用，可监听键盘的弹出- (void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField {}// 将要结束编辑，编辑结束前被调用- (BOOL)textFieldShouldEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField {return YES;}// 已经结束编辑，编辑结束后被调用，可监听键盘的回收- (void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField {// 输出 textfield 中输入的内容NSLog(@"您输入的内容为：%@", textField.text);}// 是否允许文本修改，文本修改前被调用/*NO 不允许输入，YES 允许输入（默认）range：光标范围string：当前输入的内容*/- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string {return YES;}// 返回，键盘上的 return 键触摸后调用- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField {return YES;}// 清空，文本输入框中清除按钮被触摸时调用- (BOOL)textFieldShouldClear:(UITextField *)textField {return YES;}

• Swift

      // 将要开始编辑，编辑开始前被调用func textFieldShouldBeginEditing(textField: UITextField) -> Bool {return true}// 已经开始编辑，编辑开始后被调用，可监听键盘的弹出func textFieldDidBeginEditing(textField: UITextField) {}// 将要结束编辑，编辑结束前被调用func textFieldShouldEndEditing(textField: UITextField) -> Bool {return true}// 已经结束编辑，编辑结束后被调用，可监听键盘的回收func textFieldDidEndEditing(textField: UITextField) {// 输出 textfield 中输入的内容print("您输入的内容为：\(textField.text)")                                                              }// 是否允许文本修改，文本修改前被调用/*false 不允许输入，true 允许输入（默认）range：光标范围string：当前输入的内容*/func textField(textField: UITextField, shouldChangeCharactersInRange range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -> Bool {return true}// 返回，键盘上的 return 键触摸后调用func textFieldShouldReturn(textField: UITextField) -> Bool {return true}// 清空，文本输入框中清除按钮被触摸时调用func textFieldShouldClear(textField: UITextField) -> Bool {return true}

4、textField 的键盘回收

• Objective-C

  • 触摸手势回收

    • 用触摸手势或表格滚动方式回收键盘，触摸界面或滚动表格视图时键盘消失

        // 单一 textField 回收键盘// 让 textField 放弃第一响应，收起键盘[textField resignFirstResponder];// 所有 textField 都回收键盘[self.view endEditing:YES];

  • return 键回收

    • 用代理方式回收键盘（键盘上的 return 键回收键盘），需遵守协议 UITextFieldDelegate，并设置代理

        // 设置 textField 的代理textField1.delegate = self;textField2.delegate = self;// UITextFieldDelegate 协议方法返回，键盘上的 return 键点击后调用 - (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField {UITextField *textField_1 = (id)[self.view viewWithTag:200];UITextField *textField_2 = (id)[self.view viewWithTag:300];if (textField == textField_1) {// 让 textField_2 获取第一响应// 点击 textfield_1 上的 return 键时，输入光标自动跳转到 textfield_2 内[textField_2 becomeFirstResponder];}else{// 让 textField_2 放弃第一响应// 点击 textfield_2 上的 return 键时，键盘回收[textField_2 resignFirstResponder];}return YES;}

• Swift

  • 触摸手势回收

    • 用触摸手势或表格滚动方式回收键盘，触摸界面或滚动表格视图时键盘消失

        // 单一 textField 回收键盘// 让 textField 放弃第一响应，收起键盘textField.resignFirstResponder()// 所有 textField 都回收键盘self.view.endEditing(true)

  • return 键回收

    • 用代理方式回收键盘（键盘上的 return 键回收键盘），需遵守协议 UITextFieldDelegate，并设置代理

        // 设置 textField 的代理textField1.delegate = selftextField2.delegate = self// UITextFieldDelegate 协议方法返回，键盘上的 return 键点击后调用func textFieldShouldReturn(textField: UITextField) -> Bool {let textField_1:UITextField = self.view.viewWithTag(200) as! UITextFieldlet textField_2:UITextField = self.view.viewWithTag(300) as! UITextFieldif textField == textField_1 {// 让 textField_2 获取第一响应// 点击 textfield_1 上的 return 键时，输入光标自动跳转到 textfield_2 内textField_2.becomeFirstResponder()}else{// 让 textField_2 放弃第一响应，点击 textfield_2 上的 return 键时，键盘回收textField_2.resignFirstResponder()}return true}

5、textField 视图的上升／下降

• Objective-C

  • 用系统观察者控制

    • 可以获取到键盘的高度和键盘弹起和隐藏的时间

    • 多个观察者

          // 添加系统通知观察者（检测键盘的显示与隐藏）// 检测键盘的弹起[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(keyboardShow:) name:UIKeyboardWillShowNotification object:nil];// 检测键盘的隐藏   [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(keyboardHide:) name:UIKeyboardWillHideNotification object:nil];// 键盘弹起事件处理- (void)keyboardShow:(NSNotification *)notification {// 取出键盘最终的高度CGFloat keyboardHeight = [notification.userInfo[UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] CGRectValue].size.height;// 取出键盘弹出需要花费的时间double duration = [notification.userInfo[UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey] doubleValue];// 设置当前视图的 frameCGRect frame = self.view.frame;frame.origin.y = -keyboardHeight;[UIView animateWithDuration:duration animations:^{self.view.frame = frame;}];}// 键盘隐藏事件处理- (void)keyboardHide:(NSNotification *)notification {// 取出键盘弹出需要花费的时间double duration = [notification.userInfo[UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey] doubleValue];// 设置当前视图的 frameCGRect frame = self.view.frame;frame.origin.y = 0;[UIView animateWithDuration:duration animations:^{self.view.frame = frame;}];}

    • 单一观察者

          // 添加系统通知观察者（检测键盘的 frame 改变）[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(keyboardWillChangeFrame:) name:UIKeyboardWillChangeFrameNotification object:nil];// 键盘弹起隐藏事件处理- (void)keyboardWillChangeFrame:(NSNotification *)notification {// 取出键盘最终的 frameCGRect rect = [notification.userInfo[UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] CGRectValue];// 取出键盘弹出需要花费的时间double duration = [notification.userInfo[UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey] doubleValue];// 设置当前视图的 frameCGRect frame = self.view.frame;frame.origin.y = -([UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height - rect.origin.y);[UIView animateWithDuration:duration animations:^{self.view.frame = frame;}];}

    • 视图上升或下降处理

      • 设置 frame

            CGRect frame = self.view.frame;frame.origin.y = -keyboardHeight;[UIView animateWithDuration:duration animations:^{self.view.frame = frame;}];

      • 设置 约束值

            self.bottomSpacing.constant = rect.size.height;[UIView animateWithDuration:duration animations:^{[self.view layoutIfNeeded];}];

      • 设置 transform 属性

            [UIView animateWithDuration:duration animations:^{CGFloat ty = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height - rect.origin.y;self.view.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0, -ty);}];

  • 用协议方法控制

        // 开始编辑- (void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField {// 获取当前视图的 frameCGRect frame = self.view.frame;frame.origin.y = -53;[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{self.view.frame = frame;}];}// 结束编辑- (void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField {CGRect frame = self.view.frame;frame.origin.y = 0;[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{self.view.frame = frame;}];}

• Swift

  • 用系统观察者控制

    • 可以获取到键盘的高度和键盘弹起和隐藏的时间

    • 多个观察者

          // 添加系统通知观察者（检测键盘的显示与隐藏）// 检测键盘的弹起NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: #selector(UiTextField.keyboardShow(_:)), name: UIKeyboardWillShowNotification, object: nil)// 检测键盘的隐藏NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: #selector(UiTextField.keyboardHide(_:)), name: UIKeyboardWillHideNotification, object: nil)// 键盘弹起事件处理func keyboardShow(notification:NSNotification) {// 取出键盘最终的高度let keyboardHeight:CGFloat = (notification.userInfo![UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey]?.CGRectValue().size.height)!// 取出键盘弹出需要花费的时间let duration:Double = notification.userInfo![UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey]!.doubleValue// 设置当前视图的 framevar frame:CGRect = self.view.frameframe.origin.y = -keyboardHeightUIView.animateWithDuration(duration) {self.view.frame = frame}}// 键盘隐藏事件处理func keyboardHide(notification:NSNotification) {// 取出键盘弹出需要花费的时间let duration:Double = notification.userInfo![UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey]!.doubleValue// 设置当前视图的 framevar frame:CGRect = self.view.frameframe.origin.y = 0UIView.animateWithDuration(duration) {self.view.frame = frame}}

    • 单一观察者

          // 添加系统通知观察者（检测键盘的 frame 改变）NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: #selector(UiTextField.keyboardWillChangeFrame(_:)), name: UIKeyboardWillChangeFrameNotification, object: nil)// 键盘弹起隐藏事件处理func keyboardWillChangeFrame(notification:NSNotification) {// 取出键盘最终的高度let rect:CGRect = (notification.userInfo![UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey]?.CGRectValue())!// 取出键盘弹出需要花费的时间let duration:Double = notification.userInfo![UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey]!.doubleValue// 设置当前视图的 framevar frame:CGRect = self.view.frameframe.origin.y = -(UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds.size.height - rect.origin.y)UIView.animateWithDuration(duration) {self.view.frame = frame}}

    • 视图上升或下降处理

      • 设置 frame

            var frame:CGRect = self.view.frameframe.origin.y = -keyboardHeightUIView.animateWithDuration(duration) {self.view.frame = frame}

      • 设置 约束值

            self.bottomSpacing.constant = rect.size.heightUIView.animateWithDuration(duration) {self.view.layoutIfNeeded()}

      • 设置 transform 属性

            UIView.animateWithDuration(duration) { let ty:CGFloat = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds.size.height - rect.origin.yself.view.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0, -ty)}

  • 用协议方法控制

        // 开始编辑func textFieldDidBeginEditing(textField: UITextField) {// 获取当前视图的 framevar frame:CGRect = self.view.frameframe.origin.y = -53UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5) {self.view.frame = frame}}// 结束编辑func textFieldDidEndEditing(textField: UITextField) {var frame:CGRect = self.view.frameframe.origin.y = 0UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5) {self.view.frame = frame}}

6、计算键盘高度

• 不同型号的 iOS 设备的键盘尺寸：

   Type          | iPhone 6(s) Plus |  iPhone 6(s) |  iPhone 5(s/c)/4(s)/SE

  ------------------------|:----------------:|:------------:|:-----------------------:
  Default | | |
  ASCIICapable | | |
  NumbersAndPunctuation | | |
  URL | 271 | 258 | 253
  EmailAddress | | |
  Twitter | | |
  WebSearch | | |
  Alphabet | | |
  ------------------------|------------------|--------------|-------------------------
  NumberPad | | |
  PhonePad | 226 | 216 | 216
  NamePhonePad | | |
  DecimalPad | | |

• Objective-C

      // 在系统观察者响应方法中，获取观察的信息NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.userInfo;CGFloat keyboardHeight = [userInfo[@"UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey"] CGRectValue].size.height;

• Swift

      // 在系统观察者响应方法中，获取观察的信息let userInfo = notification.userInfo!let keyboardHeight = userInfo["UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey"]?.CGRectValue().size.height

7、Storyboard 中设置

• 在 Storyboard 场景中设置

  • Text Field 设置

    

    Text                         |  文字类型及文字

    -------------------------------|-------------------
    Color | 文字颜色
    Font | 文字字体
    Alignment | 文字对齐方式
    Placeholder | 占位文字
    |
    Background | 背景图片
    Disabled | 无效状态背景图片
    |
    Border Style | 边框类型
    |
    Clear Button | 清除按钮显示时间
    -- Clear when editing begins | 开始编辑时显示清楚按钮
    |
    Min Font Size | 最小字体大小
    -- Adjust to Fit | 自动调整文字大小
    |
    Capitalization | 大小写模式
    Correction | 自动纠正
    Spell Checking | 拼写检查
    Keyboard Type | 键盘样式
    Appearance |
    Return Key | 返回键样式
    -- Auto-enable Return Key | 自动使能返回键
    -- Secure Text Entry | 密文输入

  • Control 设置

    

    Alignment                    |  文字对齐方式

    -------------------------------|-------------------
    Content |
    -- Selected | 选中
    -- Enable | 可用
    -- Highlighted | 高亮