今天习惯无了了于是在linux来学习起MongoDB安装与数据热备份了，这里我利用了主从服务器来解决数据实时备份的例子，下面我们一起来简单看看吧，

MongoDB 安?,主从配置

一 MongoDB 安装代码如下复制代码

[root@zabbix_server src]# wget http://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.0.tgz

[root@zabbix_server src]# tar xzvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.0.tgz

[root@zabbix_server src]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.0.0 /usr/local/mongodb

[root@zabbix_server src]# mkdir /usr/local/mongodb/data

[root@zabbix_server src]# touch /usr/local/mongodb/logs

[root@zabbix_server bin]# /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs --logappend --port=27017 --fork

[root@zabbix_server bin]# ./mongo

MongoDB shell version: 2.0.0

connecting to: test

> use test;

switched to db test

> exit

bye

[root@zabbix_server bin]# netstat -anlpt | grep mongo

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11504/mongod

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:28017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11504/mongod

注意：

如果报错代码如下复制代码

-bash: /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod: cannot execute binary file

说明你的服务器和mongodb 的版本不对应, 如果服务器是64位,下载x86_64的mongodb ,如果服务器是32位的, 下载i686的mongodb/

二 MongoDB 主从配置

1)实验环境

主:192.168.0.14

从:192.168.0.64

2)时间同步

两台机器做时间同步代码如下复制代码[root@zabbix_server src]# ntpdate time.windows.com

3)启动服务代码如下复制代码

master:192.168.0.14

启动命令代码如下复制代码

/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --master --dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs --logappend --port=27017 --fork

slave:192.168.0.64

启动命令代码如下复制代码/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --slave --source 192.168.0.14:27017 --dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs --logappend --port=27017 --fork

4)测试主从

在主上插入数据

测试1：

1 在主库上插入数据代码如下复制代码[root@cacti bin]# ./mongo

MongoDB shell version: 2.0.0

connecting to: test

> db.foo.save({"id":123456,"name":'lizonggang'})

> db.foo.find({"id":123456})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("51c3f4b21399022afd992f39"), "id" : 123456, "name" : "lizonggang" }

>

2 在从上查看数据(已有在主上插入的数据,说明主从成功)代码如下复制代码[root@zabbix_server bin]# ./mongo

MongoDB shell version: 2.0.0

connecting to: test

> db.foo.find({"id":123456})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("51c3f4b21399022afd992f39"), "id" : 123456, "name" : "lizonggang" }

>

1 在主库上插入数据代码如下复制代码

> use elaindb

switched to db elaindb

> db.test.save({title:"This is a test!"})

> db.test.find();

{ "_id" : ObjectId("51c3f8f11a90c8da157c7f64"), "title" : "This is a test!" }

>

2 在从库上验证数据代码如下复制代码[root@zabbix_server bin]# ./mongo

MongoDB shell version: 2.0.0

connecting to: test

> use elaindb

switched to db elaindb

> db.test.find();

{ "_id" : ObjectId("51c3f8f11a90c8da157c7f64"), "title" : "This is a test!" }

> db.printReplicationInfo();

this is a slave, printing slave replication info.

source: 192.168.0.14:27017

syncedTo: Fri Jun 21 2013 14:59:10 GMT+0800 (CST)

= 9 secs ago (0hrs)

>

> db.printSlaveReplicationInfo();

source: 192.168.0.14:27017

syncedTo: Fri Jun 21 2013 14:59:30 GMT+0800 (CST)

= 16 secs ago (0hrs)

>

测试3：

在这个状态下,slave 下是不可以插入数据的代码如下复制代码> db.test.save({title:"This is slave test!"})

not master

5) 一些查询状态的语句

1)查询库代码如下复制代码

> show dbs;

elaindb 0.0625GB

local 0.125GB

test 0.0625GB

2)在从库上查询主库的地址

5代码如下复制代码> use local;

switched to db local

> db.sources.find()

{ "_id" : ObjectId("51c3f5dd568d10529950b10d"), "host" : "192.168.0.14:27017", "source" : "main", "syncedTo" : { "t" : 1371797300000, "i" : 1 } }

>

3)查看主从复制状态代码如下复制代码> db.printReplicationInfo();

configured oplog size: 47.6837158203125MB

log length start to end: 1375secs (0.38hrs)

oplog first event time: Fri Jun 21 2013 14:30:35 GMT+0800 (CST)

oplog last event time: Fri Jun 21 2013 14:53:30 GMT+0800 (CST)

now: Fri Jun 21 2013 14:53:32 GMT+0800 (CST)

>

4)查看Collection状态代码如下复制代码> db.printCollectionStats();

foo

{

"ns" : "test.foo",

"count" : 1,

"size" : 56,

"avgObjSize" : 56,

"storageSize" : 4096,

"numExtents" : 1,

"nindexes" : 1,

"lastExtentSize" : 4096,

"paddingFactor" : 1,

"flags" : 1,

"totalIndexSize" : 8176,

"indexSizes" : {

"_id_" : 8176

},

"ok" : 1

}

---

system.indexes

{

"ns" : "test.system.indexes",

"count" : 1,

"size" : 64,

"avgObjSize" : 64,

"storageSize" : 4096,

"numExtents" : 1,

"nindexes" : 0,

"lastExtentSize" : 4096,

"paddingFactor" : 1,

"flags" : 0,

"totalIndexSize" : 0,

"indexSizes" : {

},

"ok" : 1

}

---

>

6)应急

如果在应用中主挂掉了怎么办？

这个情况就需要,停止从库, 把从库以主库的启动命令起来就可以了，Linux系统中MongoDB安装及主从配置linux操作系统》(https://www.unjs.com)。

1)停掉从库代码如下复制代码

kill -9 进程号

2)删除locat下文件代码如下复制代码rm mongodb/db/locat.* -rf

3)启动从库代码如下复制代码

/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --master --dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data --logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs --logappend --port=27017 --fork

7) MongoDB 增，删，改，查代码如下复制代码[root@cacti bin]# ./mongo

MongoDB shell version: 2.0.0

connecting to: test

> db.test.insert({ "Name" : "ymind", "age" : 8 }); #在test数据库里插入数据

>

> db.test.find({ "Name" : "ymind" } ); #查询数据

{ "_id" : ObjectId("51c4187090db4e4751a3cd05"), "Name" : "ymind", "age" : 8 }

> db.test.find({ "age" : 8} ); #查询数据

{ "_id" : ObjectId("51c4187090db4e4751a3cd05"), "Name" : "ymind", "age" : 8 }

>

>

> db.test.update({"Name" : "ymind"}, { "$set" : { "age" : "5" } } ); #修改数据

> db.test.find({ "Name" : "ymind" } );

{ "Name" : "ymind", "_id" : ObjectId("51c4187090db4e4751a3cd05"), "age" : "5" }

>

> db.test.remove({ "Name" : "ymind" } ); #删除数据

> db.test.find({ "Name" : "ymind" } );

>

>