openwrt中br-lan,eth0,eth0.1,eth0.2

来源 https://blog.phpgao.com/openwrt-interface.html

openwrt的接口真是多，老高一下子都看晕了，不过仔细理一理，还是能够分辨的。

首先盗openwrt-wiki中的一张图，这张图对理解这些接口很重要！

网络配置

有线网配置

openwrt的有线网络配置文件位于/etc/config/network，老高的配置如下：

config interface 'loopback'option ifname 'lo'option proto 'static'option ipaddr '127.0.0.1'option netmask '255.0.0.0'config globals 'globals'option ula_prefix 'auto'config interface 'lan'option ifname 'eth0.1'option force_link '1'option type 'bridge'option proto 'static'option ipaddr '192.168.1.1'option netmask '255.255.255.0'option ip6assign '60'option macaddr '64:09:80:05:e1:bb'config interface 'wan'option ifname 'eth0.2'option _orig_ifname 'eth0.2'option _orig_bridge 'false'option proto 'pppoe'option macaddr '64:09:80:05:e1:bc'option username '11100026295'option password '380926'config interface 'wan6'option _orig_ifname '@wan'option _orig_bridge 'false'option proto '6to4'config switchoption name 'mt762x'option reset '1'option enable_vlan '1'config switch_vlanoption device 'mt762x'option vlan '1'option ports '0 1 2 3 5 6t'config switch_vlanoption device 'mt762x'option vlan '2'option ports '4 6t'

无线网络配置

openwrt的无线网络配置文件位于/etc/config/wireless，老高的配置如下：

config wifi-device 'rai0'option type 'mt7612'option mode '14'option channel 'auto'option txpower '100'option ht '20+40+80'option country 'US'option disabled '0'config wifi-ifaceoption device 'rai0'option network 'lan'option mode 'ap'option ssid 'BYBY_WORLD'option encryption 'psk2'option key 'xxx'config wifi-device 'ra0'option type 'rt2860v2'option mode '9'option channel 'auto'option txpower '100'option ht '40'option country 'US'option disabled '0'config wifi-ifaceoption device 'ra0'option network 'lan'option mode 'ap'option wps 'pbc'option ssid 'HELLO_WORLD'option encryption 'psk2'option key 'xxx'

整理和搜索

乍一看老高都晕了，真么多啊！赶紧Google之，看有没有什么发现！

交换机手册(Switch Documentation)

Linux 网络接口(Network Interfaces)

读完这两篇文章后貌似有所觉悟，先记下来理一理！

pppoe-wan

虚拟设备，他就是常见的拨号宽带上网，需要有ISP提供的用户名密码，连接后方可激此接口！

lo

虚拟设备，自身的回环网设备。

ra0 rai0

这两个是成对出现，一看就知道是无线设备，它们各自对应一个SSID，分别是2.4G和5G。

虚拟局域网

开启虚拟局域网

对应 config switch

划分子网

你可以在网络->交换机中找到！

对照着图下面的配置应该很容易就懂了。

config switch_vlanoption device 'mt762x'option vlan '1'option ports '0 1 2 3 5 6t'config switch_vlanoption device 'mt762x'option vlan '2'option ports '4 6t'

eth0

eth0是一块物理网卡。eth0.1 eth0.2都是从此设备上虚拟出来的。

eth0.1 是vlan 1分出的lan口。

eth0.2 是vlan 2分出的wan口。

br-lan

虚拟设备，用于LAN口设备桥接，可以用brctl show查看使用情况。

~ brctl showbridge name    bridge id        STP enabled    interfaces
br-lan        7fff.64098005e1bb    no        eth0.1 rai0 ra0

br-lan = eth0.1 + rai0 + ra0，即将有线LAN口和无线网统一划分为 LAN，便于管理！

更多资料

[How can I tell whether a network interface is physical (device) or
virtual (alias)?][5]
PandoraBox的配置网络文件...基础内容，高手忽略

=====================

root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="OpenWrt"
VERSION="18.06.1"
ID="openwrt"
ID_LIKE="lede openwrt"
PRETTY_NAME="OpenWrt 18.06.1"
VERSION_ID="18.06.1"
HOME_URL="http://openwrt.org/"
BUG_URL="http://bugs.openwrt.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://forum.lede-project.org/"
BUILD_ID="r1026-811894e1"
LEDE_BOARD="ar71xx/nand"
LEDE_ARCH="mips_24kc"
LEDE_TAINTS="no-all"
LEDE_DEVICE_MANUFACTURER="OpenWrt"
LEDE_DEVICE_MANUFACTURER_URL="http://openwrt.org/"
LEDE_DEVICE_PRODUCT="Generic"
LEDE_DEVICE_REVISION="v0"
LEDE_RELEASE="OpenWrt 18.06.1 r1026-811894e1"
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# uname -a
Linux OpenWrt 4.9.138 #0 Fri Nov 30 14:52:43 2018 mips GNU/Linux
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /proc/cpuinfo
system type     : Qualcomm Atheros QCA9558 ver 1 rev 0
machine         : DomyWifi DW33D
processor       : 0
cpu model       : MIPS 74Kc V5.0
BogoMIPS        : 358.80
wait instruction    : yes
microsecond timers  : yes
tlb_entries     : 32
extra interrupt vector  : yes
hardware watchpoint : yes, count: 4, address/irw mask: [0x0ffc, 0x0ffc, 0x0ffb, 0x0ffb]
isa         : mips1 mips2 mips32r1 mips32r2
ASEs implemented    : mips16 dsp dsp2
shadow register sets    : 1
kscratch registers  : 0
package         : 0
core            : 0
VCED exceptions     : not available
VCEI exceptions     : not availableroot@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:         254944 kB
MemFree:          199480 kB
MemAvailable:     190436 kB
Buffers:            9688 kB
Cached:            18344 kB
SwapCached:            0 kB
Active:            19992 kB
Inactive:          10012 kB
Active(anon):       2752 kB
Inactive(anon):      256 kB
Active(file):      17240 kB
Inactive(file):     9756 kB
Unevictable:           0 kB
Mlocked:               0 kB
SwapTotal:             0 kB
SwapFree:              0 kB
Dirty:                 0 kB
Writeback:             0 kB
AnonPages:          1980 kB
Mapped:             3272 kB
Shmem:              1036 kB
Slab:              10564 kB
SReclaimable:       4060 kB
SUnreclaim:         6504 kB
KernelStack:         480 kB
PageTables:          336 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:      127472 kB
Committed_AS:       6960 kB
VmallocTotal:    1048372 kB
VmallocUsed:           0 kB
VmallocChunk:          0 kB
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /proc/partitions
major minor  #blocks  name31        0        256 mtdblock031        1         64 mtdblock131        2      14528 mtdblock231        3       5312 mtdblock331        4       1472 mtdblock431        5         64 mtdblock531        6      16000 mtdblock631        7      98304 mtdblock731        8      32768 mtdblock88        0   15558144 sda8        1   15554048 sda1
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# df -h
Filesystem                Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/root                 9.0M      9.0M         0 100% /rom
tmpfs                   124.5M      1.0M    123.5M   1% /tmp
/dev/mtdblock3            5.2M    432.0K      4.8M   8% /overlay
overlayfs:/overlay        5.2M    432.0K      4.8M   8% /
tmpfs                   512.0K         0    512.0K   0% /dev
/dev/sda1                14.8G     64.0K     14.8G   0% /mnt/sda1
/dev/mtdblock6            9.0M      9.0M         0 100% /mnt/mtdblock6
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /proc/mtd
dev:    size   erasesize  name
mtd0: 00040000 00010000 "u-boot"
mtd1: 00010000 00010000 "u-boot-env"
mtd2: 00e30000 00010000 "rootfs"
mtd3: 00530000 00010000 "rootfs_data"
mtd4: 00170000 00010000 "kernel"
mtd5: 00010000 00010000 "art"
mtd6: 00fa0000 00010000 "firmware"
mtd7: 06000000 00020000 "rootfs_data"
mtd8: 02000000 00020000 "backup"
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~#

root@OpenWrt:~# dmesg | grep spi
[    0.000000] Kernel command line:  board=DW33D mtdparts=spi0.0:256k(u-boot)ro,64k(u-boot-env)ro,14528k(rootfs),1472k(kernel),64k(art)ro,16000k@0x50000(firmware);ar934x-nfc:96m(rootfs_data),32m(backup)ro console=ttyS0,115200 rootfstype=squashfs noinitrd
[    0.893783] m25p80 spi0.0: found mx25l12805d, expected m25p80
[    0.900057] m25p80 spi0.0: mx25l12805d (16384 Kbytes)
[    0.905208] 6 cmdlinepart partitions found on MTD device spi0.0
[    0.911238] Creating 6 MTD partitions on "spi0.0":
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# dmesg | grep Clocks
[    0.000000] Clocks: CPU:720.000MHz, DDR:600.000MHz, AHB:200.000MHz, Ref:40.000MHz
root@OpenWrt:~#

root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/network config interface 'loopback'option ifname 'lo'option proto 'static'option ipaddr '127.0.0.1'option netmask '255.0.0.0'config globals 'globals'option ula_prefix 'fdfd:dcb6:dfdc::/48'config interface 'lan'option type 'bridge'option ifname 'eth1.1'option proto 'static'option netmask '255.255.255.0'option ip6assign '60'option ipaddr '192.168.11.1'config interface 'wan'option ifname 'eth0.2'option proto 'dhcp'config interface 'wan6'option ifname 'eth0.2'option proto 'dhcpv6'config switchoption name 'switch0'option reset '1'option enable_vlan '1'config switch_vlanoption device 'switch0'option vlan '1'option ports '2 3 4 5 6t'config switch_vlanoption device 'switch0'option vlan '2'option ports '1 0t'root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/wireless config wifi-device 'radio0'option type 'mac80211'option channel '36'option hwmode '11a'option path 'pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0'option htmode 'VHT80'option country 'US'option legacy_rates '1'config wifi-iface 'default_radio0'option device 'radio0'option network 'lan'option mode 'ap'option ssid 'DW33D-5G'option encryption 'psk2'option key 'lsgxwifilink'config wifi-device 'radio1'option type 'mac80211'option channel '11'option hwmode '11g'option path 'platform/qca955x_wmac'option htmode 'HT20'option country 'US'option legacy_rates '1'config wifi-iface 'default_radio1'option device 'radio1'option network 'lan'option mode 'ap'option ssid 'DW33D-24G'option encryption 'psk2'option key 'lsgxwifilink'root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/firewall config defaultsoption syn_flood '1'option input 'ACCEPT'option output 'ACCEPT'option forward 'REJECT'config zoneoption name 'lan'list network 'lan'option input 'ACCEPT'option output 'ACCEPT'option forward 'ACCEPT'config zoneoption name 'wan'list network 'wan'list network 'wan6'option input 'REJECT'option output 'ACCEPT'option forward 'REJECT'option masq '1'option mtu_fix '1'config forwardingoption src 'lan'option dest 'wan'config ruleoption name 'Allow-DHCP-Renew'option src 'wan'option proto 'udp'option dest_port '68'option target 'ACCEPT'option family 'ipv4'config ruleoption name 'Allow-Ping'option src 'wan'option proto 'icmp'option icmp_type 'echo-request'option family 'ipv4'option target 'ACCEPT'config ruleoption name 'Allow-IGMP'option src 'wan'option proto 'igmp'option family 'ipv4'option target 'ACCEPT'config ruleoption name 'Allow-DHCPv6'option src 'wan'option proto 'udp'option src_ip 'fc00::/6'option dest_ip 'fc00::/6'option dest_port '546'option family 'ipv6'option target 'ACCEPT'config ruleoption name 'Allow-MLD'option src 'wan'option proto 'icmp'option src_ip 'fe80::/10'list icmp_type '130/0'list icmp_type '131/0'list icmp_type '132/0'list icmp_type '143/0'option family 'ipv6'option target 'ACCEPT'config ruleoption name 'Allow-ICMPv6-Input'option src 'wan'option proto 'icmp'list icmp_type 'echo-request'list icmp_type 'echo-reply'list icmp_type 'destination-unreachable'list icmp_type 'packet-too-big'list icmp_type 'time-exceeded'list icmp_type 'bad-header'list icmp_type 'unknown-header-type'list icmp_type 'router-solicitation'list icmp_type 'neighbour-solicitation'list icmp_type 'router-advertisement'list icmp_type 'neighbour-advertisement'option limit '1000/sec'option family 'ipv6'option target 'ACCEPT'config ruleoption name 'Allow-ICMPv6-Forward'option src 'wan'option dest '*'option proto 'icmp'list icmp_type 'echo-request'list icmp_type 'echo-reply'list icmp_type 'destination-unreachable'list icmp_type 'packet-too-big'list icmp_type 'time-exceeded'list icmp_type 'bad-header'list icmp_type 'unknown-header-type'option limit '1000/sec'option family 'ipv6'option target 'ACCEPT'config ruleoption name 'Allow-IPSec-ESP'option src 'wan'option dest 'lan'option proto 'esp'option target 'ACCEPT'config ruleoption name 'Allow-ISAKMP'option src 'wan'option dest 'lan'option dest_port '500'option proto 'udp'option target 'ACCEPT'config includeoption path '/etc/firewall.user'config include 'miniupnpd'option type 'script'option path '/usr/share/miniupnpd/firewall.include'option family 'any'option reload '1'config include 'adbyby'option type 'script'option path '/usr/share/adbyby/firewall.include'option reload '1'config rule 'kms'option name 'kms'option target 'ACCEPT'option src 'wan'option proto 'tcp'option dest_port '1688'config include 'shadowsocksr'option type 'script'option path '/var/etc/shadowsocksr.include'option reload '1'config include 'wrtbwmon'option type 'script'option path '/etc/wrtbwmon.include'option reload '1'config include 'pptpd'option type 'script'option path '/etc/pptpd.include'option reload '1'config rule 'pptp'option name 'pptp'option target 'ACCEPT'option src 'wan'option proto 'tcp'option dest_port '1723'config rule 'gre'option name 'gre'option target 'ACCEPT'option src 'wan'option proto '47'root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/dhcp config dnsmasqoption domainneeded '1'option boguspriv '1'option filterwin2k '0'option localise_queries '1'option rebind_protection '1'option rebind_localhost '1'option local '/lan/'option domain 'lan'option expandhosts '1'option nonegcache '0'option authoritative '1'option readethers '1'option leasefile '/tmp/dhcp.leases'option resolvfile '/tmp/resolv.conf.auto'option nonwildcard '1'option localservice '1'config dhcp 'lan'option interface 'lan'option start '100'option limit '150'option leasetime '24h'option force '1'option ra 'server'option dhcpv6 'server'option ra_management '1'option ra_default '1'config dhcp 'wan'option interface 'wan'option ignore '1'root@OpenWrt:~#

root@OpenWrt:~# ifconfig
br-lan    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:3D:F2:CB:9A:DD  inet addr:192.168.11.1  Bcast:192.168.11.255  Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::163d:f2ff:fecb:9add/64 Scope:Linkinet6 addr: fdfd:dcb6:dfdc::1/60 Scope:GlobalUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:3790087 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:6492932 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1301078776 (1.2 GiB)  TX bytes:6703438607 (6.2 GiB)eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:3D:F2:CB:9A:DE  inet6 addr: fe80::163d:f2ff:fecb:9ade/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:7156095 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:75 frame:0TX packets:4787213 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2503390857 (2.3 GiB)  TX bytes:1442610380 (1.3 GiB)Interrupt:4 eth0.2    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:3D:F2:CB:9A:DE  inet addr:192.168.1.7  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::163d:f2ff:fecb:9ade/64 Scope:Linkinet6 addr: fe80::163d:f2ff:fecb:9ade/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:7156071 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:4787198 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6669546570 (6.2 GiB)  TX bytes:1423460094 (1.3 GiB)eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:3D:F2:CB:9A:DD  inet6 addr: fe80::163d:f2ff:fecb:9add/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:34693 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:3854512 (3.6 MiB)Interrupt:5 eth1.1    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:3D:F2:CB:9A:DD  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:34685 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:3714764 (3.5 MiB)lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:HostUP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1RX packets:2466 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:2466 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1 RX bytes:196065 (191.4 KiB)  TX bytes:196065 (191.4 KiB)wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:3D:F2:CB:9A:DF  inet6 addr: fe80::163d:f2ff:fecb:9adf/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:4411547 errors:0 dropped:33393 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:6527097 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1391076302 (1.2 GiB)  TX bytes:6837481031 (6.3 GiB)wlan1     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:3D:F2:CB:9A:DC  inet6 addr: fe80::163d:f2ff:fecb:9adc/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:34682 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:4338526 (4.1 MiB)root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# brctl show
bridge name bridge id       STP enabled interfaces
br-lan      7fff.143df2cb9add   no      eth1.1wlan0wlan1
root@OpenWrt:~#

root@OpenWrt:~# arp -a
IP address       HW type     Flags       HW address            Mask     Device
192.168.1.79     0x1         0x2         a4:4e:31:97:aa:b4     *        br-lan
10.0.100.79      0x1         0x2         a4:4e:31:97:aa:b4     *        br-lan
192.168.11.168   0x1         0x2         a4:4e:31:97:aa:b4     *        br-lan
192.168.1.1      0x1         0x2         fc:f2:9f:a6:8c:78     *        eth0.2
192.168.1.79     0x1         0x0         00:00:00:00:00:00     *        eth0.2
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
default         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0.2
192.168.1.0     *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0.2
192.168.11.0    *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 br-lan
root@OpenWrt:~#
root@OpenWrt:~# netstat -nr
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 eth0.2
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 eth0.2
192.168.11.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 br-lan
root@OpenWrt:~#

============== End