进化:从孤胆极客到高效团队

Every week we take a look at interesting trivia and events from the history of Geekdom. This week we’re taking a look at the first public offering of Microsoft stock, the birth of Albert Einstein, and the cross linking of information networks across the Atlantic.

每周我们都会浏览极客历史中有趣的琐事和事件。 本周，我们来看看微软股票的首次公开发行，爱因斯坦(Albert Einstein)的诞生以及整个大西洋信息网络的交叉链接。

微软上市 (Microsoft Goes Public)

Although Microsoft was officially established as a corporate entity in 1975 it wasn’t until 1986 that they went IPO with their first stock offering. The opening stock price was $21 a share and it’s a safe bet that not a single trader who looked at the stock that day could have guessed it would go on to be worth $7,200—952 shares, or approximately $20,000 worth of original stock has split 9 times and now has a current value of $6,840,000. More important than merely the financial success of Microsoft was their ability to put new technologies into homes. Microsoft can claim to have been the first to do very little—they didn’t invent the GUI, they didn’t invent the mouse, they didn’t invent thousands of large and small innovations people often associate with Windows—but they did package and deliver them in such a way that millions upon millions of people now use Microsoft products on a daily basis. Love or hate their products and policies, Microsoft is a computing juggernaut.

尽管Microsoft于1975年正式成立为公司实体，但直到1986年他们才通过首次公开发行股票进行IPO。 开盘价为每股21美元，可以肯定的是，没有一个交易者看过该股票，就可以猜到其市值将达到7,200-952美元，或者大约20,000美元的原始股票被分割了9次，现在的价值为$ 6,840,000。 不仅仅是微软的财务成功，更重要的是他们将新技术带入家庭的能力。 微软可以声称自己是第一个很少做的人-他们没有发明GUI，没有发明鼠标，没有发明人们经常与Windows相关的成千上万的大大小小的创新-但他们做到了并以每天数以百万计的人每天使用Microsoft产品的方式交付它们。 不管是讨厌还是讨厌他们的产品和政策，微软都是计算巨头。

阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的诞生 (The Birth of Albert Einstein)

Albert Einstein, Born to Hermann and Pauline Einstein, was a bright child with an interest in mathematics and the science of the physical world. Hardly anyone would have guessed, however, that the curious boy of a German engineer would go on to become a god in the pantheon of scientific greatness. Einstein went on to publish papers about capillary forces, the photo electric effect, and other things that interested him. What he is best remembered for, despite his proliferation of writings and lectures, is his groundbreaking work on Special Relativity and his role in the cold war mission The Manhattan Project which gave birth to the atomic bomb. His role in the invention of the atomic bomb would haunt Einstein for the rest of his life; he regarded the creation of the bomb and the unleashing of nuclear super powers upon the planet to be his gravest mistake, ameliorated only by the knowledge that in doing so he had brought a terrible war to an end.

阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦 ( Albert Einstein )生于赫尔曼(Hermann)和波琳·爱因斯坦(Pauline Einstein)，是一个聪明的孩子，对数学和物理世界的科学感兴趣。 然而，几乎没有人会猜到，德国工程师的这个好奇的男孩会继续成为科学伟大万神殿中的神。 爱因斯坦继续发表有关毛细作用力，光电效应以及其他使他感兴趣的东西的论文。 尽管他的著作和演讲不断增多，但他最令人记忆深刻的是他在狭义相对论方面的开创性工作以及他在冷战任务“曼哈顿计划”中的作用，该计划催生了原子弹。 他在发明原子弹中的角色将在爱因斯坦的余生中困扰他。 他认为制造炸弹和向地球释放核超级大国是他最严重的错误，只有知道这样做使他结束了一场可怕的战争，这种情况才能得到改善。

互联网成为跨洋的 (The Internet Becomes Cross-Oceanic)

It’s hard to imagine now, when we’re able to upload a photo from a cellphone in California to a photo farm in Geneva in a matter of seconds, but the world wasn’t always so interconnected. As recently as the early 1990s even there was very little interconnectivity between the data networks of Europe and the data networks of the United States. In March of 1990 the National Science Foundation announced their project to extend it’s high speed data network to connect Europe. By the end of the decade the memory of an unconnected world was rapidly fading and now, as we enter the second decade of the 21st century, it’s almost unfathomable.

现在很难想象，当我们能够在几秒钟内将照片从加利福尼亚的手机上传到日内瓦的照片农场时，但是世界并不总是那么相互联系。 甚至在1990年代初期 ，欧洲的数据网络和美国的数据网络之间的互连性也很少。 1990年3月， 美国国家科学基金会宣布了他们的项目，以扩展其高速数据网络以连接欧洲。 到本世纪末，无联系世界的记忆正在Swift消失，现在，当我们进入21世纪的第二个十年时，这几乎是不可思议的。

极客历史上本周其他值得注意的时刻 (Other Notable Moments from This Week in Geek History)

Although we only shine the spotlight on three interesting facts a week in our Geek History column, that doesn’t mean we don’t have space to highlight a few more in passing. This week in Geek History:

尽管我们每周在《极客历史》专栏中仅关注三个有趣的事实，但这并不意味着我们没有足够的空间来强调更多的动态。 本周极客历史：

• 1937—Death of H.P. Lovecraft,  reknowned horror author and originator of the Cthulhu mythos.

  1937年— HP Lovecraft之死，著名的恐怖作家，克苏鲁神话的创始人。

• 1941—Birth of Wolfgang Petersen, best known as director of Never Ending Story.

  1941年— 沃尔夫冈·彼得森 ( Wolfgang Petersen)出生，最出名的电影是《无尽的故事》。

• 1948—Birth of William Gibson, author of cyberpunk classics such as Neuromancer and Burning Chrome.

  1948年- 威廉·吉布森 ( William Gibson)出生，他是《神经巫师》和《燃烧的Chrome》等网络朋克经典著作的作者。

• 2007—Sci-Fi Show Sanctuary first airs on the web, later picked up by SyFy channel.

  2007年-Sci-Fi Show Sanctuary首次在网络上播出，随后被SyFy频道收录。

Have an interesting bit of geek trivia to share? Shoot us an email to tips@howtogeek.comwith “history” in the subject line and we’ll be sure to add it to our list of trivia.

有一些有趣的怪胎琐事可以分享吗？ 向我们发送电子邮件至tips@howtogeek.com ，主题行中包含“历史记录”，我们将确保将其添加到琐事列表中。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/56312/this-week-in-geek-history-microsoft-goes-public-birth-of-albert-einstein-the-internet-becomes-cross-oceanic/

进化:从孤胆极客到高效团队