Spring Boot（二）应用实例

Spring Boot（二）

一、 Spring Boot Web 应用实例

这是一个Spring Boot web应用程序示例，使用嵌入式Tomcat + JSP模板，并将包作为可执行文件WAR文件发布。
使用到的技术如下：
1. Spring Boot 1.4.2.RELEASE
2. Spring 4.3.4.RELEASE
3. Tomcat Embed 8.5.6
4. Maven 3
5. Java 8
项目目录
1. 在这个示例中，是使用 Eclipse 来创建一个 Maven 项目，打开 Eclipse ，按照以下步骤：File -> New -> Other… 如下所示：
2. 最终创建以下文件夹目录结构如下所示：

项目依赖

在POM.xml文件中有相应的注释

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>spring-boot-web-jsp</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><name>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</name><description>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</description><url>http://www.yiibai.com</url><version>1.0</version><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version></parent><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><dependencies><!-- This is a web application --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- Tomcat embedded container--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- JSTL for JSP --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId></dependency><!-- Need this to compile JSP --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId><artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- Need this to compile JSP,tomcat-embed-jasper version is not working, no idea why --><dependency><groupId>org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler</groupId><artifactId>ecj</artifactId><version>4.6.1</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- Optional, test for static content, bootstrap CSS--><dependency><groupId>org.webjars</groupId><artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId><version>3.3.7</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><!-- Package as an executable jar/war --><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

执行后，显示项目依赖关系：

F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp> mvn dependency:tree[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Spring Boot Web JSP Example 1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.10:tree (default-cli) @ spring-boot-web-jsp ---
[INFO] org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-web-jsp:war:1.0
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.1.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.1.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.17:runtime
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.2.4.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.3.3:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.8.4:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:provided
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] +- javax.servlet:jstl:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:jar:8.5.6:provided
[INFO] +- org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler:ecj:jar:4.6.1:provided
[INFO] \- org.webjars:bootstrap:jar:3.3.7:compile
[INFO]    \- org.webjars:jquery:jar:1.11.1:compile
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.327 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-21 T16:57:00+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 20M/309M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Spring Boot

这个SpringBootServletInitializer执行传统的WAR部署运行SpringApplication SpringBootWebApplication.java文件内容如下所示 -

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootWebApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {return application.sources(SpringBootWebApplication.class);
}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWebApplication.class, args);
}}

一个简单的Spring控制器类

import java.util.Map;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controller
public class WelcomeController {// inject via application.properties@Value("${welcome.message:test}")private String message = "Hello World";@RequestMapping("/")public String welcome(Map<String, Object> model) {model.put("message", this.message);return "welcome";}}

JSP + 资源 + 静态文件

对于JSP文件，把它们全放入到 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/ 目录中。
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp文件的内容如下所示 -

<!DOCTYPE html>
<%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"><!-- Access the bootstrap Css like this,Spring boot will handle the resource mapping automcatically --><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" /><!--<spring:url value="/css/main.css" var="springCss" /><link href="${springCss}" rel="stylesheet" />--><c:url value="/css/main.css" var="jstlCss" /><link href="${jstlCss}" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body><nav class="navbar navbar-inverse"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Spring Boot</a></div><div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li><li><a href="#about">About</a></li></ul></div></div></nav><div class="container"><div class="starter-template"><h1>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</h1><h2>Message: ${message}</h2></div></div><script type="text/javascript" src="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

对于像CSS或Javascript这样的静态文件，放在 /src/main/resources/static/ 目录中。/src/main/resources/static/css/main.css文件的内容如下所示 -
```
h1{color:#0000FF;
}
h2{color:#FF0000;
}
```

对于属性文件，放在 /src/main/resources/ 目录下， /src/main/resources/application.properties文件的内容如下所示 -

spring.mvc.view.prefix: /WEB-INF/jsp/
spring.mvc.view.suffix: .jspwelcome.message: Hello Yiibai//Spring Boot约定过配置，不需要像这样声明资源映射。资源映射只是自动处理。

运行实例：

在终端下进入 F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp 目录，执行以下命令，应该会看到以下结果 -

F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp>mvn spring-boot:run
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Spring Boot Web JSP Example 1.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ springboot-jsp >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp\springboot-jsp\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springboot-jsp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ springboot-jsp <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ springboot-jsp ---.   ____          _            __ _ _/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \\\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )'  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
::Spring Boot::       (v1.4.2.RELEASE)

之后，将项目发布到 Tomcat 中，在项目上点击右键，在弹出的选项中选择“Run As -> Ru On Server” ，使用浏览器访问：http://localhost:8080/springboot-jsp/ ，如果程序没有出错误，那应该会看到以下结果 -
**注：**JSP限制
1. 不能创建可执行jar来运行这个嵌入式Tomcat + JSP Web示例，因为Tomcat中有一个硬编码文件模式。阅读以下这篇文章：Spring Boot JSP限制。

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