Android学习日记（yzy）：opengl 绘制2d图形基本框架

首先，要了解opengl 在android中只有三种绘制方式-点,线，和三角形。

点的描绘方式：GL_POINTS

线的描绘方式：
GL_LINES(每两个顶点作为独立的线)
GL_LINE_STRIF(从第0个顶点到最后一个顶点依次相连)

GL_LINE_LOOP(从第0个顶点到最后一个顶点依次相连，最后一个顶点连接初始顶点)

三角形的绘制方式：
GL_TRIANGLES（以每三个顶点来形成三角形）
GL_TRIANGLES_STRIP（n,n+1,n+2 依次连接的顶点形成的所有三角形）
GL_TRIANGLES_FAN (以第0个顶点确定，其余两个顶点依次为n，n+1来绘制三角形 )

在绘制图像时，首先建一个类定义创建的图形形状。

第一步骤： float verticesArray 确定顶点， short indicesArray （索引）确定顺序。

第二步骤：创建类如：Square（）{}来缓冲数据；
ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(verticesArray.length * 4)开辟新的累存块
vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder())
FloatBuffer vertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer();
vertexBuffer.put(vertices);放入索引坐标数据
vertexBuffer.position(0);起始位置设定

第三步骤：创建方法来构造形状
draw（ GL10 gl ）-->
gl.glColor4f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);设置颜色
gl.glTranslatef(0.1f,0,-2.0f);创建的形状初始坐标
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);采用顶点坐标数组
gl.glVertexPointer（3//坐标数，GL10.GL_FIXED,0，vertexBuffer//顶点坐标缓冲）指定顶点坐标数据
gl.glDrawElement(绘制方式，indicesArray.length//索引数,GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT//,索引缓冲)绘制图像

public class Square {private float vertices[] = {-0.1f, 0.1f, 0.0f,
            -0.1f, -0.1f, 0.0f,
            0.1f, -0.1f, 0.0f,
            0.1f, 0.1f, 0.0f,
    };

    private short[] indices = {0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3};

    private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer;
    private ShortBuffer indexBuffer;

    public Square() {ByteBuffer v_byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length * 4);
        v_byteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
        vertexBuffer = v_byteBuffer.asFloatBuffer();
        vertexBuffer.put(vertices);
        vertexBuffer.position(0);

        ByteBuffer i_byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indices.length * 2);
        i_byteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
        indexBuffer = i_byteBuffer.asShortBuffer();
        indexBuffer.put(indices);
        indexBuffer.position(0);
    }public void draw(GL10 gl) {gl.glColor4f(0.8f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
//        gl.glLoadIdentity();
        gl.glTranslatef(0.1f,0,-2.0f);
//        gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW);
//        gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);
//        gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK);
        gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
        gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0,
                vertexBuffer);
        gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, indices.length,
                GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indexBuffer);
//        gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
//        gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);

其次，再创建接口类(GLSurfaceView.Renderer)作为你要放入图像的画布。

重写方法：onSurefaceCreated,onDrawFrame和onSurfaceChanged

第一步骤：onSurefaceCreated(GL10 gl,EGLConfig config){
gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);抗锯齿
gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL10.GL_NICEST);Hind模式
gl.glClearColor(0.0f,0.8f,0.0f,0.5f);桌布颜色
gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);深度清理缓存
}

第二步骤：onDrawFrame(GL10 gl){
将之前描绘的图形初始化
gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT| GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);清理缓存
gl.glLoadIdentity()设置当前矩阵为单位矩阵
gl.glPushMatrix();
drawLine.draw(gl);绘制图像
gl.glPopMatrix();

}

第三步骤：onSurfaceChanged（GL10 gl,int width,int height）{
gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height)设置视图
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);设置为投影矩阵
gl.glLoadIdentity()设置当前矩阵为单位矩阵
GLU.gluPerspective(gl,45.0f,(float)width/(float)height,0.1f,100.0f);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
gl.glLoadIdentity();
}

public class MyRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {Drawcub drawcub;
    public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config){gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);//抗锯齿
        gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL10.GL_NICEST);//Hind模式
        gl.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.2f,0.5f);//桌布颜色
        gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);//深度清理缓存
    }public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl){Square square = new Square();
        DrawPoint drawPoint = new DrawPoint();
        DrawLine drawLine = new DrawLine();
        gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT
                        | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
        // Replace the current matrix with the identity matrix
        gl.glLoadIdentity();
        gl.glPushMatrix();
//        square.draw(gl);
        drawcub.drawSelf(gl);
        gl.glPopMatrix();
    }public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl,int width,int height){gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height);
        gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
        gl.glLoadIdentity();
        GLU.gluPerspective(gl,45.0f,(float)width/(float)height,0.1f,100.0f);
        drawcub = new Drawcub(0,0,0,3,(float)width/(float)height);
        gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
        gl.glLoadIdentity();

    }

最后setContentView将初始化的GLSrefaceView（），放入activity中。

public class SceneRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {Drawcub drawcub;
    public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config){gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);//抗锯齿
        gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL10.GL_NICEST);//Hind模式
        gl.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.2f,0.5f);//桌布颜色
        gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);//深度清理缓存
    }public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl){Square square = new Square();
        DrawPoint drawPoint = new DrawPoint();
        DrawLine drawLine = new DrawLine();
        gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT
                        | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
        // Replace the current matrix with the identity matrix
        gl.glLoadIdentity();
        gl.glPushMatrix();
//        square.draw(gl);
        drawcub.drawSelf(gl);
        gl.glPopMatrix();
    }public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl,int width,int height){gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height);
        gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
        gl.glLoadIdentity();
        GLU.gluPerspective(gl,45.0f,(float)width/(float)height,0.1f,100.0f);
        drawcub = new Drawcub(0,0,0,3,(float)width/(float)height);
        gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
        gl.glLoadIdentity();

    }

续写，写了一个好玩的东西。

MainActivity：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
        GLSurfaceView view = new GLSurfaceView(this);
        view.setRenderer(new MyRenderer());
        setContentView(view);
    }
}

MyRenderer:

public class MyRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {float positionX =0;
    float positionY =0;
    float positionZ =0;
    float length = 0.5f;
    float distance = 5;
    private float angle;

    Cube cube = new Cube(positionX,positionY,positionZ,length);
    SquareTest squareTest = new SquareTest();
    boolean flag =true;

    public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config){gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f);
        gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);
    //add
        gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);// OpenGL docs.
        // Enables depth testing.
        gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);// OpenGL docs.
        // The type of depth testing to do.
        gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);// OpenGL docs.
        // Really nice perspective calculations.
        gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, // OpenGL docs.
                GL10.GL_NICEST);
    }public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl){gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
        gl.glLoadIdentity();
        gl.glTranslatef(positionX ,positionY, positionZ-distance);
        gl.glPushMatrix();
        gl.glRotatef(angle, 5, 5, 5);
//        square.onDraw(gl);
        cube.onDraw(gl);
        gl.glPopMatrix();
        gl.glPushMatrix();

        DynamicPicture();

    }private void DynamicPicture(){angle++;
        if (flag == true){distance = distance+ 0.02f;
            if (distance>=12){flag = false;
            }}else if (flag ==false){distance = distance-0.02f;
            if(distance<=6){flag =true;
            }}}public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl,int width, int height){gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height);
        gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
        gl.glLoadIdentity();
        GLU.gluPerspective(gl,45.0f,(float)width/(float)height,0.1f,100.0f);
        gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
        gl.glLoadIdentity();
    }}

Cube：

public class Cube {FloatBuffer verticesBuffer;
    ShortBuffer indexBuffer;
    int verticesCount ;
    int indexCount;
    public Cube(float positionX,float positionY,float positionZ, float length){float vertices[] = {positionX-length,positionY-length,positionZ-length,
                -(positionX-length),positionY-length,positionZ-length,
                -(positionX-length),-(positionY-length),positionZ-length,
                positionX-length,-(positionY-length),positionZ-length,

                positionX-length,positionY-length,-(positionZ-length),
                -(positionX-length),positionY-length,-(positionZ-length),
                -(positionX-length),-(positionY-length),-(positionZ-length),
                positionX-length,-(positionY-length),-(positionZ-length),
        };

        short index[]={0,1,1,2,2,3,3,0,
                4,5,5,6,6,7,7,4,
                0,4,1,5,2,6,3,7
        };

        ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length*4);
        vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
        verticesBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer();
        verticesBuffer.put(vertices);
        verticesBuffer.position(0);
//
        ByteBuffer ibb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(index.length*2);
        ibb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
        indexBuffer = ibb.asShortBuffer();
        indexBuffer.put(index);
        indexBuffer.position(0);

        verticesCount = vertices.length;
        indexCount = index.length;
    }public void onDraw(GL10 gl){gl.glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW);
        gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);
        gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK);
        gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);

        gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0,verticesBuffer);//GL_FLOAT
        gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_LINES, indexCount, GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indexBuffer);

        gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
        gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);
    }
}

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