Ubuntu 10.04 下 安装 NS2.30 

1. NS2下载

在OpenSource中search  NS2.30

我下载的版本是NS2.30， 下载的文件为ns-allinone-2.30.tar.gz。

下载完后将它解压缩到主文件夹下（我的是 /home/Soft/ns2）：

tar xvfz ns-allinone-2.30.tar.gz

2. 需要用到的软件包

build-essential

tcl8.4 tcl8.4-dev tk8.4 tk8.4-dev

libxmu-dev

3. 安装

cd/home/nuaa/Soft/ns-allinone-2.30

sudo ./install

4. 出错处理

1).

ld -shared -olibotcl.so otcl.o

otcl.o: Infunction `OTclDispatch':

/home/yanna/ns-allinone-2.30/otcl-1.12/otcl.c:495:undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'

otcl.o: Infunction `Otcl_Init':

/home/yanna/ns-allinone-2.30/otcl-1.12/otcl.c:2284:undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'

ld: libotcl.so:hidden symbol `__stack_chk_fail_local' isn't defined

ld: final linkfailed: Nonrepresentable section on output

make: ***[libotcl.so] 错误 1cd ns-2.30;./validate

otcl-1.12 makefailed! Exiting ...

Seehttp://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

在官网上有解决方案，应该是个BUG，会在以后版本中解决：

otcl.o: In function `OTclDispatch':

/home/ns/ns-allinone-2.30/otcl/otcl.c:495:undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'

otcl.o: In function `Otcl_Init':

/home/ns/ns-allinone-2.30/otcl/otcl.c:2284:undefined reference to `__stack_chk_fail_local'

ld: libotcl.so: hidden symbol `__stack_chk_fail_local'isn't defined

ld: final link failed: Nonrepresentablesection on output

make: *** [libotcl.so] Error 1

This error is because the linker being usedis "ld -shared" instead of"gcc -shared".  If you edit one line in otcl-1.12/configure,and rerun install , it should work:

修改   /home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/otcl-1.12/configure  文件

;;

Linux*)

SHLIB_CFLAGS="-fpic"

SHLIB_LD="ld-shared"   →   SHLIB_LD="gcc-shared"

SHLIB_SUFFIX=".so"

DL_LIBS="-ldl"

SHLD_FLAGS=""

This will be fixed in future revisions ofns-2.    改完后重新安装。

2).

Tcl.cc:In member function ‘void Tcl::eval(char*)’:
Tcl.cc:182: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
Tcl.cc: In member function ‘int TclObject::traceVar(const char*, TclObject*)’:
Tcl.cc:421: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
Tcl.cc: In static member function ‘static int TclClass::create_shadow(void*,Tcl_Interp*, int, const char**)’:
Tcl.cc:509: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
Tcl.cc:511: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
Tcl.cc: In static member function ‘static int TclClass::dispatch_instvar(void*,Tcl_Interp*, int, const char**)’:
Tcl.cc:566: error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char*’
Tcl.cc:571: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
Tcl.cc: In member function ‘virtual void TclClass::bind()’:
Tcl.cc:603: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
Tcl.cc:605: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’
make: *** [Tcl.o] 错误 1
tclcl-1.18 make failed! Exiting ...
*******************************************************原作者解决方法开始************************************************************

由于gcc版本过高引起的编译问题 gcc-4.4  --> gcc-4.3

1. sudo apt-get install gcc-4.3

安装了之后，系统之中就存在两个GCC版本4.4和4.3,可以通过ls命令查看：

1. ls /usr/bin/gcc*

2. /usr/bin/gcc  /usr/bin/gcc-4.3  /usr/bin/gcc-4.4  /usr/bin/gccbug-4.3

但是这时系统默认的GCC还是4.4版的，可以通过gcc -v查看版本号

设置GCC4.3和GCC4.4的可选项，在终端输入以下命令

1.  sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.4 40

2.  sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.3 30

现在设置GCC的默认版本，输入下面命令：

sudoupdate-alternatives --config gcc

我得到的结果：

There are 2choices for the alternative gcc (providing /usr/bin/gcc).

Selection   Path              Priority   Status

------------------------------------------------------------

* 0            /usr/bin/gcc-4.4   40       auto mode

1           /usr/bin/gcc-4.3   30        manual mode

2           /usr/bin/gcc-4.4   40        manual mode

然后输入“1”，再查看一下gcc的版本，已经变成4.3的了~~~~

同样对于g++也可以使用同样的方法从4.4高版本切换到4.3低版本。。。

*******************************************************原作者解决方法结束************************************************************

*******************************************************我的解决方法开始************************************************************

由于我按照上述步骤装了gcc-4.3的不行，又装了gcc-4.1的仍然不行，于是就干脆进到tclcl-1.18文件夹下查找原因，最终发现的确因为是编译器版本过高引起的，但是是由于g++版本过高，而不是gcc，解决步骤如下：

1. sudo apt-get install g++-4.1

2. ls /usr/bin/g++*

得到结果：

/usr/bin/g++  /usr/bin/g++-4.1  /usr/bin/g++-4.4

3. update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.4 40

4. update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.1 30

5. sudo update-alternatives --config g++

得到结果：
  Selection    Path              Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/bin/g++-4.4   40        auto mode
  1            /usr/bin/g++-4.1   30        manual mode
  2            /usr/bin/g++-4.4   40        manual mode
选择1即可

5. 配置环境变量

安装完成后会看到修改环境变量的提示：

Please put /home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/bin,/home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/unix,home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/unix"

into your PATH environment; so that you'llbe able to run itm/tclsh/wish/xgraph.

IMPORTANT NOTICES:

(1) You MUST put /home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/otcl-1.12,/home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/lib

into your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable.

Ifit complains about X libraries, add path to your X libraries

into LD_LIBRARY_PATH.

If you are using csh, you can set it like:

setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH <paths>

If you are using sh, you can set it like:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=<paths>

(2) You MUST put /home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/libraryinto your TCL_LIBRARY environmental

variable. Otherwise ns/nam will complain during startup.

After these steps, you can now run the nsvalidation suite with

cd ns-2.30; ./validate

For trouble shooting, please first read nsproblems page

http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html.Also search the ns mailing list archive

for related posts .

回到主文件夹，修改bash配置文件.bashrc：

sudo gedit .bashrc

在文件最后加上：

PATH="$PATH:/home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/bin:/home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/unix:/home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/unix"

LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/otcl-1.12:/home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/lib"

TCL_LIBRARY="$TCL_LIBRARY:/home/nuaa/Soft/ns2/ns-allinone-2.30/tcl8.4.13/library"

还得运行一个命令，为source .bashrc

6. 安装验证 

安装结束后的提示中也告诉我们如何验证是否正确安装：

cdns-2.30

./validate

另外，也可以打开一个新终端进行试运行：

输入ns，如果显示一个%则说明已正确安装。如果提示“command not found”则重新启动试试。