词云是一种数据可视化技术，用于表示文本数据，其中每个单词的大小表示其出现的频率或重要性。 可以使用词云突出显示重要的文本数据点。 词云被广泛用于分析来自社交网络网站的数据。

为了在Python中生成词云，需要的模块是– matplotlib，pandas和wordcloud。 要安装这些软件包，请运行以下命令：

pip install matplotlib

pip install pandas

pip install wordcloud

代码1：字数

可以设置要在tagcloud上显示的最大单词数。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的max_words关键字参数。

# importing the necessery modules

from wordcloud import WordCloud

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import csv

# file object is created

file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")

# reader object is created

reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)

# contents of reader object is stored .

# data is stored in list of list format.

reader_contents = list(reader_ob)

# empty string is declare

text = ""

# iterating through list of rows

for row in reader_contents :

# iterating through words in the row

for word in row :

# concatenate the words

text = text + " " + word

# show only 10 words in the wordcloud .

wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, max_words=10).generate(text)

# plot the WordCloud image

plt.figure()

plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")

plt.axis("off")

plt.margins(x=0, y=0)

plt.show()

​

输出如下图：

代码2：删除一些单词

可以删除一些我们不想显示的词。 为此，请将这些单词传递给WordCloud()函数的停用词列表参数。

# importing the necessery modules

from wordcloud import WordCloud

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import csv

# file object is created

file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")

# reader object is created

reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)

# contents of reader object is stored .

# data is stored in list of list format.

reader_contents = list(reader_ob)

# empty string is declare

text = ""

# iterating through list of rows

for row in reader_contents :

# iterating through words in the row

for word in row :

# concatenate the words

text = text + " " + word

# remove Python , Matplotlib , Geeks Words from WordCloud .

wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480,

stopwords=["Python", "Matplotlib","Geeks"]).generate(text)

# plot the WordCloud image

plt.figure()

plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")

plt.axis("off")

plt.margins(x=0, y=0)

plt.show()

​

输出效果如下：

代码3：更改背景

我们可以更改wordcloud背景的颜色。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的background_color关键字参数。

# importing the necessery modules

from wordcloud import WordCloud

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import csv

# file object is created

file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")

# reader object is created

reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)

# contents of reader object is stored .

# data is stored in list of list format.

reader_contents = list(reader_ob)

# empty string is declare

text = ""

# iterating through list of rows

for row in reader_contents :

# iterating through words in the row

for word in row :

# concatenate the words

text = text + " " + word

wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, background_color="pink").generate(text)

# plot the WordCloud image

plt.figure()

plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")

plt.axis("off")

plt.margins(x=0, y=0)

plt.show()

​

输出效果如下：

代码4：更改单词的颜色

我们可以使用WordCloud()函数的colormap关键字参数来更改单词的颜色。

# importing the necessery modules

from wordcloud import WordCloud

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import csv

# file object is created

file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")

# reader object is created

reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)

# contents of reader object is stored .

# data is stored in list of list format.

reader_contents = list(reader_ob)

# empty string is declare

text = ""

# iterating through list of rows

for row in reader_contents :

# iterating through words in the row

for word in row :

# concatenate the words

text = text + " " + word

wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, colormap="Oranges_r").generate(text)

# plot the WordCloud image

plt.figure()

plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")

plt.axis("off")

plt.margins(x=0, y=0)

plt.show()

​

输出效果如下：

代码5：设置最大和最小字体

我们可以控制wordcloud的最小和最大字体大小。 为此，请使用WordCloud()函数的max_font_size和min_font_size关键字参数。

# importing the necessery modules

from wordcloud import WordCloud

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import csv

# file object is created

file_ob = open(r"linuxidc.com.csv")

# reader object is created

reader_ob = csv.reader(file_ob)

# contents of reader object is stored .

# data is stored in list of list format.

reader_contents = list(reader_ob)

# empty string is declare

text = ""

# iterating through list of rows

for row in reader_contents :

# iterating through words in the row

for word in row :

# concatenate the words

text = text + " " + word

wordcloud = WordCloud(width=480, height=480, max_font_size=20, min_font_size=10).generate(text)

plt.figure()

plt.imshow(wordcloud, interpolation="bilinear")

plt.axis("off")

plt.margins(x=0, y=0)

plt.show()

​

OK，暂时先这样，中文乱码解决等请继续关注我们Linux公社的Python专题栏目，谢谢阅读。