问题

项目中需要异步调用第三方服务，不需要关心是否调用成功。之前在文章《Spring task的异步定时任务》中使用的xml配置Spring Task的方式，而且之前是依靠时间触发异步的方式。这次在Spring boot项目中配置Spring Task，并且以代码直接调用异步方法的方式触发异步。

解决

配置异步

package com.zyl;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;import java.util.concurrent.Executor;@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync
public class Application {public static void main(String[] args) {// close the application context to shut down the custom ExecutorServiceSpringApplication.run(Application.class, args).close();}@Beanpublic Executor taskExecutor() {ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();executor.setCorePoolSize(2);executor.setMaxPoolSize(2);executor.setQueueCapacity(500);executor.setThreadNamePrefix("Message-");executor.initialize();return executor;}}

这里主要在Application.java类中，做了2处配置，一个是增加@EnableAsync注解，告诉Spring需要启用异步任务；二是添加了一个Bean，这个Bean主要就是配置异步调用的线程池的初始化参数。

model层

package com.zyl.model;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Date;@Entity
public class Message {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)@ApiModelProperty(notes = "主键", example = "0")private long id;/** 消息id */private String messageId;/** 消息标题 */private String messageTitle;/** 消息内容 */@Lob private String message;/** 发送人员 */private String uid;/** 发送时间 */@JsonFormat private Date sendTime;/** 消息结果 */@Lob private String messageResult;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getMessage() {return message;}public void setMessage(String message) {this.message = message;}public String getUid() {return uid;}public void setUid(String uid) {this.uid = uid;}public Date getSendTime() {return sendTime;}public void setSendTime(Date sendTime) {this.sendTime = sendTime;}public String getMessageResult() {return messageResult;}public void setMessageResult(String messageResult) {this.messageResult = messageResult;}public String getMessageId() {return messageId;}public void setMessageId(String messageId) {this.messageId = messageId;}public String getMessageTitle() {return messageTitle;}public void setMessageTitle(String messageTitle) {this.messageTitle = messageTitle;}
}

这主要就是一个简单的Java Bean。

Service层

Service接口定义

package com.zyl.service;import com.zyl.model.Message;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;import java.util.Optional;public interface IMessageService {/*** 推送一条消息* @param message 消息*/@Asyncvoid pushMessage(Message message);
}

IMessageService是Service的接口定义。

Service接口实现

package com.zyl.service;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.hngytobacco.budget.model.Message;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.Optional;@Service
public class MessageService implements IMessageService {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageService.class);@Async@Overridepublic void pushMessage(Message message) {logger.info("开始推送消息异步任务");try {// 模拟调用第三方推送消息接口延时Thread.sleep(1000L);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}logger.info("完成推送消息异步任务");}}

MessageService是Service接口的具体实现，这里主要就是配置了@Async的异步注解，告诉Spring这是个异步方法，没有配置时间的方式触发。

Controller层

package com.zyl.controller;import com.zyl.model.*;
import com.zyl.service.*;
import io.swagger.annotations.*;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/message")
public class MessageController {private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageController.class);private final IMessageService messageService;@Autowiredpublic BusinessController( IMessageService messageService) {this.messageService = messageService;}@GetMapping("/push")public ResponseEntity pushMessage(){Message message = new Message();logger.info("开始调用消息推送");messageService.pushMessage(message);logger.info("完成调用消息推送");return ResponseEntity.ok().build();}
}

效果

2019-05-09 16:10:58.429  INFO 28215 --- [nio-8081-exec-3] c.zyl.controller.MessageController      : 开始调用消息推送
2019-05-09 16:10:58.432  INFO 28215 --- [nio-8081-exec-3] c.zyl.controller.MessageController      : 完成调用消息推送
2019-05-09 16:10:58.432  INFO 28215 --- [      Message-1] c.zyl.service.MessageService        : 开始推送消息异步任务
2019-05-09 16:10:59.435  INFO 28215 --- [      Message-1] c.zyl.service.MessageService        : 完成推送消息异步任务

参考

• Creating Asynchronous Methods
• 7. Task Execution and Scheduling