zxing绘制条形码总结

基本使用

首先工程中导入zxing的依赖，如下：

<dependency><groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId><artifactId>core</artifactId><version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.zxing/javase -->
<dependency><groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId><artifactId>javase</artifactId><version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>

接着编写生成条形码的工具类，代码演示如下：

package com.example.demo.utils;import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.oned.Code128Writer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;/*** 类描述: 二维码生成工具类** @author jianweiwang* @version v1.0* @link wjw@choicesoft.com.cn* @date 2019/4/1 11:00**/
public class BarcodeUtils {private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";private static final String FORMAT = "JPG";/*** 条形码宽度*/private static final int WIDTH = 220;/*** 条形码高度*/private static final int HEIGHT = 80;/*** 字体大小*/private static final int FONT_SIZE = 28;/*** 加文字 条形码*/private static final int WORD_HEIGHT = HEIGHT + FONT_SIZE;/*** 二维码尺寸*/private static final int QR_CODE_SIZE = 300;/*** LOGO宽度*/private static final int LOGO_WIDTH = 60;/*** LOGO高度*/private static final int LOGO_HEIGHT = 60;/*** 设置 条形码参数*/private static Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<>(5);static {hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);}/*** 生成 图片缓冲** @param vaNumber VA 码* @return 返回BufferedImage* @author fxbin*/public static BufferedImage getBarCode(String vaNumber) {try {Code128Writer writer = new Code128Writer();// 编码内容, 编码类型, 宽度, 高度, 设置参数BitMatrix bitMatrix = writer.encode(vaNumber, BarcodeFormat.CODE_128, WIDTH, HEIGHT, hints);return MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);} catch (WriterException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}/*** 把带logo的二维码下面加上文字** @param image 条形码图片* @param words 文字* @return 返回BufferedImage* @author fxbin*/public static BufferedImage insertWords(BufferedImage image, String words) {// 新的图片，把带logo的二维码下面加上文字if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(words)) {BufferedImage outImage = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, WORD_HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics2D g2d = outImage.createGraphics();// 抗锯齿setGraphics2D(g2d);// 设置白色setColorWhite(g2d);// 画条形码到新的面板g2d.drawImage(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), null);// 画文字到新的面板g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);// 字体、字型、字号g2d.setFont(new Font("黑体", Font.PLAIN, FONT_SIZE));//设置条形码下面的文本的纵坐标int wordStartY = HEIGHT + 21;//-------------------------计算条形码的左边距，即左边空白的距离------------------------String content=words.substring(1,words.length()-1);int inputWidth = new Code128Writer().encode(content).length;int fullWidth = inputWidth + 1;int outputWidth = Math.max(WIDTH, fullWidth);int multiple = outputWidth / fullWidth;int leftPadding = (outputWidth - (inputWidth * multiple)) / 2;int x = leftPadding;//-----------------------计算条形码的左边距，即左边空白的距离----------------------String[] split = words.split("");int len = split.length;int step = new Long(Math.round(WIDTH - leftPadding * 2) / words.length()).intValue();for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {g2d.drawString(split[i], x, wordStartY);x = x + step;}outImage.flush();return outImage;}return null;}/*** 设置 Graphics2D 属性 （抗锯齿）** @param g2d Graphics2D提供对几何形状、坐标转换、颜色管理和文本布局更为复杂的控制*/private static void setGraphics2D(Graphics2D g2d) {g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_DEFAULT);Stroke s = new BasicStroke(1, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_MITER);g2d.setStroke(s);}/*** 设置背景为白色** @param g2d Graphics2D提供对几何形状、坐标转换、颜色管理和文本布局更为复杂的控制*/private static void setColorWhite(Graphics2D g2d) {g2d.setColor(Color.WHITE);// 填充整个屏幕g2d.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 600);// 设置笔刷g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);}private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String logoPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QR_CODE_SIZE, QR_CODE_SIZE,hints);int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF);}}if (logoPath == null || "".equals(logoPath)) {return image;}// 插入图片BarcodeUtils.insertImage(image, logoPath, needCompress);return image;}/*** 插入LOGO** @param source       二维码图片* @param logoPath     LOGO图片地址* @param needCompress 是否压缩* @throws Exception*/private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String logoPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {File file = new File(logoPath);if (!file.exists()) {throw new Exception("logo file not found.");}Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(logoPath));int width = src.getWidth(null);int height = src.getHeight(null);// 是否压缩LOGOif (needCompress) {if (width > LOGO_WIDTH) {width = LOGO_WIDTH;}if (height > LOGO_HEIGHT) {height = LOGO_HEIGHT;}Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();// 绘制缩小后的图g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);g.dispose();src = image;}// 插入LOGOGraphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();int x = (QR_CODE_SIZE - width) / 2;int y = (QR_CODE_SIZE - height) / 2;graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));graph.draw(shape);graph.dispose();}/*** 生成二维码(内嵌LOGO) 二维码文件名随机，文件名可能会有重复** @param content      内容* @param logoPath     LOGO地址* @param destPath     存放目录* @param needCompress 是否压缩LOGO*/private static String encode(String content, String logoPath, String destPath, boolean needCompress)throws Exception {BufferedImage image = BarcodeUtils.createImage(content, logoPath, needCompress);mkdir(destPath);String fileName = new Random().nextInt(99999999) + "." + FORMAT.toLowerCase();ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT, new File(destPath + "/" + fileName));return fileName;}/*** 生成二维码(内嵌LOGO) 调用者指定二维码文件名** @param content      内容* @param logoPath     LOGO地址* @param destPath     存放目录* @param fileName     二维码文件名* @param needCompress 是否压缩LOGO* @throws Exception*/private static String encode(String content, String logoPath, String destPath, String fileName,boolean needCompress) throws Exception {BufferedImage image = BarcodeUtils.createImage(content, logoPath, needCompress);mkdir(destPath);fileName = fileName.substring(0, fileName.indexOf(".") > 0 ? fileName.indexOf(".") : fileName.length()) + "."+ FORMAT.toLowerCase();ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT, new File(destPath + "/" + fileName));return fileName;}/*** 生成二维码(内嵌LOGO)** @param content  内容* @param logoPath LOGO地址* @param destPath 存储地址*/public static String encode(String content, String logoPath, String destPath) throws Exception {return BarcodeUtils.encode(content, logoPath, destPath, false);}/*** 生成二维码** @param content  内容* @param destPath 存储地址* @throws Exception*/public static String encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception {return BarcodeUtils.encode(content, null, destPath, false);}/*** 生成二维码(内嵌LOGO)** @param content      内容* @param logoPath     LOGO地址* @param output       输出流* @param needCompress 是否压缩LOGO*/private static void encode(String content, String logoPath, OutputStream output, boolean needCompress)throws Exception {BufferedImage image = BarcodeUtils.createImage(content, logoPath, needCompress);ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT, output);}/*** 生成二维码** @param content 内容* @param output  输出流*/public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output) throws Exception {BarcodeUtils.encode(content, null, output, false);}/*** 当文件夹不存在时，mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir． (mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)** @param destPath 存放目录*/private static void mkdir(String destPath) {File file = new File(destPath);if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {file.mkdirs();}}/*** 解析二维码** @param file 二维码图片*/private static String decode(File file) throws Exception {BufferedImage image;image = ImageIO.read(file);if (image == null) {return null;}BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));Result result;Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object>();hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);return result.getText();}/*** 解析二维码** @param path 二维码图片地址*/public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {return BarcodeUtils.decode(new File(path));}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// 条形码BufferedImage image = insertWords(getBarCode("89607"), "*89607*");assert image != null;ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", new File("barcode.jpg"));// 二维码// String text = "http://localhost:8083/communication/distribution?qrid=54999";// 不含Logo// BarcodeUtils.encode(text, null, "C:\\\\Users\\\\ThinkPad\\\\Pictures", true);// 含Logo，不指定二维码图片名// BarcodeUtils.encode(text, "e:\\csdn.jpg", "e:\\", true);// 含Logo，指定二维码图片名// BarcodeUtils.encode(text, "C:\\Users\\ThinkPad\\Pictures\\mail-unread.png",// "C:\\Users\\ThinkPad\\Pictures", "qrcode", true);}
}

注意点

如果想要设置条形码周围的空白区域大小，需要通过参数如下：

 /*** hints 设置 条形码参数*/private static Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<>(5);static {//设置留白大小hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);}
public static BufferedImage getBarCode(String vaNumber) {try {Code128Writer writer = new Code128Writer();// 编码内容, 编码类型, 宽度, 高度, 设置参数BitMatrix bitMatrix = writer.encode(vaNumber, BarcodeFormat.CODE_128, WIDTH, HEIGHT, hints);return MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);} catch (WriterException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}

但是这里有一坑，认为设置了留白大小之后，但是往往留白的大小会出乎意料。

下面通过分析zxing工具中的源码如下：

通过上述源码分析可知，如果想要设置条形码下方的展示内容与条形码两端对齐，需要知道变量leftPadding（条形码左边距的值），简单代码如下：

public static BufferedImage insertWords(BufferedImage image, String words) {// 新的图片，把带logo的二维码下面加上文字if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(words)) {BufferedImage outImage = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, WORD_HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics2D g2d = outImage.createGraphics();// 抗锯齿setGraphics2D(g2d);// 设置白色setColorWhite(g2d);// 画条形码到新的面板g2d.drawImage(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), null);// 画文字到新的面板g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);// 字体、字型、字号g2d.setFont(new Font("黑体", Font.PLAIN, FONT_SIZE));int wordStartY = HEIGHT + 21;String content=words.substring(1,words.length()-1);int inputWidth = new Code128Writer().encode(content).length;int fullWidth = inputWidth + 1;int outputWidth = Math.max(WIDTH, fullWidth);int multiple = outputWidth / fullWidth;int leftPadding = (outputWidth - (inputWidth * multiple)) / 2;int x = leftPadding;String[] split = words.split("");int len = split.length;int step = new Long(Math.round(WIDTH - leftPadding * 2) / words.length()).intValue();for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {g2d.drawString(split[i], x, wordStartY);x = x + step;}outImage.flush();return outImage;}return null;}

演示效果大致如下图所示

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zxing绘制条形码总结

基本使用

注意点

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