实验三基于A*算法的迷宫游戏

软件实习项目三 —— Java实现基于A*算法的迷宫游戏

一、实验任务

（1）该题要求随机生成一个迷宫，并求解迷宫；

（2）要求游戏支持玩家走迷宫，和系统走迷宫路径两种模式。玩家走迷宫，通过键盘方向键控制，并在行走路径上留下痕迹；系统走迷宫路径要求基于A*算法实现，输出走迷宫的最优路径并显示。

（3）设计交互友好的游戏图形界面。

二、实验准备

（1）具体编程语言：JAVA

（2）确定所用图形界面：Java Swing

（3）算法思想：递归分割法来随机生成迷宫，A*算法来自动寻路

三、设计思路

（1）如何生成迷宫

1.利用Java Swing的相关函数，进行绘画，以砖块为墙，豆豆人为角色，脚印为走过的路的痕迹，空白部分为路来画迷宫。

2.递归分割法的思想：
①开始创建迷宫，使整个空间没有壁，我们称之为“室”。
②在随机位置生成壁将室分割为两个子室，并在壁上随机开孔，使子室联通。
③重复步骤②，直到所有子室全部不可分割（即子室某一个维度等于1）。

（2）控制角色移动

利用Java函数addKeyListener来监听按键⬆️⬇️⬅️➡️的输入，只有当角色周围是路，角色才能继续移动。当角色到达终点时就宣布游戏结束。

（3）基于A*算法的自动寻路

A*算法的主要思想为：
①先判断目标能移动一格的位置，如果只能移动到之前的位置执行④。
②然后再将每一个与终点的距离进行比较。
③移动到距离最近的那一格上，重复①~③。
④返回上一步的位置。

四、功能实现

StartUI类：程序的启动界面，设置界面的布局及按钮，并提供玩家用户选择场地地图大小，以选择游戏难度。

public class StartUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener {private JButton button1 = new JButton("24 X 24");private JButton button2 = new JButton("35 X 35");private JButton button3 = new JButton("46 X 46");private JButton button4 = new JButton("？");StartUI() {//将选择按钮包含在选择面板上JPanel choose = new JPanel();choose.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2));choose.add(button1);choose.add(button2);choose.add(button3);choose.add(button4);//注册侦听器button1.addActionListener(this);button2.addActionListener(this);button3.addActionListener(this);button4.addActionListener(this);//提示信息JPanel message = new JPanel() {   //匿名内部类protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {setSize(200, 300);g.drawString("请选择地图大小", 100, 35);}};//主界面布局setLayout(new BorderLayout(120, 40));add(choose, BorderLayout.CENTER);add(message, BorderLayout.NORTH);add(new JPanel(), BorderLayout.EAST);add(new JPanel(), BorderLayout.WEST);add(new JPanel(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);//基本设置setTitle("豆豆人找朋友");setSize(800, 600);setLocationRelativeTo(null);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setVisible(true);setResizable(false);}

Map类：生成地图界面，地图框架的设计，包括菜单栏、剩余时间显示等，并为各组件、按钮、键盘、事件注册监听器，再初始化地图组件，随机生成迷宫。创建一个时间控制的线程和进行控制时间的方法。

public class Map extends JFrame implements ActionListener, KeyListener, Runnable {static int m, n;static Paint[][] tp = null;        //显示动画,同一包内类均可访问//时间限制static Thread timeThread;                //时间控制线程static int timelimit, remaintime;static JPanel timePanel = new JPanel() {     //剩余时间显示面板public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {super.paintComponent(g);String rt;if (timelimit == 0) {rt = "无敌版";setForeground(Color.GREEN);    //绿色表示无时间限制} else {rt = remaintime / 3600 + " : " + (remaintime - (remaintime / 3600) * 3600) / 60 + " : " + remaintime % 60;if (remaintime > 10)setForeground(Color.BLUE);      //剩余时间充足时为蓝色elsesetForeground(Color.RED);      //剩余时间很少时为红色}g.drawString("剩余时间：  " + rt, 220, 16);}};// 菜单项private JMenuItem m_start = new JMenuItem("开始新游戏（S）");private JMenuItem m_time = new JMenuItem("游戏时间限制（L）");private JMenuItem m_return = new JMenuItem("返回主界面（R）");private JMenuItem m_exit = new JMenuItem("退出游戏（Q）");private JMenuItem m_selfconfig = new JMenuItem("编辑当前地图（E）");private JMenuItem m_randommake = new JMenuItem("随机生成地图（Z）");private JMenuItem m_sortpath = new JMenuItem("显示最短路径（T）");Map(int x, int y) {m = x;n = y;tp = new Paint[m][n];timelimit = remaintime = 0;                //初始化时，时间为0，代表没有时间限制timeThread = new Thread(this);timeThread.start();timeThread.checkAccess();//初始化地图组件,并生成随机路径for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {tp[i][j] = new Paint();}Operations.creatMaze();  //深度优先遍历生成至少有一条随机通道的迷宫地图//地图界面生成JPanel mazePane = new JPanel();mazePane.setLayout(new GridLayout(m, n, 0, 0));for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {mazePane.add(tp[i][j]);}}

Paint类：显示墙、路、玩家角色、终点、路径的面板。创建标志flag并为其赋值，不同的值画出的图形类别不同，使Operations类根据其需求转换flag的值，以画出墙、路和路径。

public class Paint extends JPanel implements MouseListener {private boolean changeable_click;//标志 0：墙 1：路 2：豆豆人 3：小黄豆 4:脚印private int flag;private Image wall = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8697.jpg").getImage();        //墙private Image road = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8689.jpg").getImage();        //路private Image role = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8665.PNG").getImage();        //豆豆人private Image bean = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8663.PNG").getImage();        //小黄豆private Image step = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8701.jpg").getImage();        //脚印Paint(int f) {flag = f;changeable_click = false;    //初始化时不能通过鼠标点击改变 flag 的值addMouseListener(this);}Paint() {this(0);}//重写paintComponent方法，画图public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {super.paintComponent(g);if (flag == 0)g.drawImage(wall, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);else if (flag == 1)g.drawImage(road, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);else if (flag == 2)g.drawImage(role, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);else if (flag == 3)g.drawImage(bean, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);elseg.drawImage(step, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);}

Operations类：自定义随机生成地图的数据，深度算法遍历DFS生成至少有一条随机路径的迷宫地图，使用A*算法搜寻并显示最短路径。设置开始游戏时时间的控制，玩家角色的移动，走过路径的生成，也可以提示用户玩家最佳路径。

public class Operations{static int m, n;   //用于拷贝map.m和map.n的值static int m_currex, m_currey;   //豆豆人当前位置static int m_startx, m_starty;   //豆豆人开始位置static boolean changeable_key = true;     //可用键盘控制豆豆人移动static boolean restart = false;private static boolean[] isBeVisit = null;//生成随机地图专用数据//迷宫地图最短路径深度图算法public static void findPath() {Map.timeThread.checkAccess();   ;    //时间控制线程休眠changeable_key = true;   //可用键盘控制豆豆人setEditable(false);       //不可编辑m = Map.m;n = Map.n;int max = m * n;                 //任意一点到小黄豆的最短路径长度不会超出m*n。int[] depthGraph = new int[m * n];     //路径深度图//路径深度图初始化depthGraph[m * n - 1] = 0;                //小黄豆到自己的距离自然是0for (int i = 0; i < m * n - 1; i++) {if (Map.tp[i / n][i % n].isWall())depthGraph[i] = -1;           //墙表示为-1，表示无通路elsedepthGraph[i] = max;           //未确定距离时已max表示}boolean flag = true;             //循环过程中是否有某点的路径深度被修改int currex, currey;               //记录当前访问点的坐标int aroundmin;                   //周围可行方向的最小路径深度 + 1//动态更新路径深度图直至其达到稳态（即最后一次循环过程中不再有路径深度被修改）while (flag) {flag = false;for (int s = m * n - 1; s >= 0; s--) {if (depthGraph[s] != -1) {aroundmin = depthGraph[s];currex = s / n;currey = s % n;if (currey + 1 < n && depthGraph[s + 1] != -1 && depthGraph[s + 1] + 1 < aroundmin)aroundmin = depthGraph[s + 1] + 1;if (currex + 1 < m && depthGraph[s + n] != -1 && depthGraph[s + n] + 1 < aroundmin)aroundmin = depthGraph[s + n] + 1;if (currey - 1 >= 0 && depthGraph[s - 1] != -1 && depthGraph[s - 1] + 1 < aroundmin)aroundmin = depthGraph[s - 1] + 1;if (currex - 1 >= 0 && depthGraph[s - n] != -1 && depthGraph[s - n] + 1 < aroundmin)aroundmin = depthGraph[s - n] + 1;if (aroundmin < depthGraph[s]) {depthGraph[s] = aroundmin;flag = true;}}}}//利用已生成的路径深度图，找到从豆豆人到小黄豆之间的最短路径int[] path = new int[m * n];                    //用于存放最短路径的数组int currePoint = m_startx * n + m_starty;         //当前访问点,初始值为豆豆人位置int depth = depthGraph[currePoint];         //豆豆人位置的路径深度值int step = depth - 1;                     //当前要查找的路径深度while (step > 0) {currex = currePoint / n;currey = currePoint % n;if (currey + 1 < n && depthGraph[currePoint + 1] == step) {currePoint += 1;} else if (currex + 1 < m && depthGraph[currePoint + n] == step) {currePoint += n;} else if (currey - 1 >= 0 && depthGraph[currePoint - 1] == step) {currePoint -= 1;} else if (currex - 1 >= 0 && depthGraph[currePoint - n] == step) {currePoint -= n;}path[step--] = currePoint;}int s;         //临时存放位置for (int i = 1; i < depth; i++) {s = path[i];Map.tp[s / n][s % n].change(2);   //显示最短路径}restart = true;                //可开始新游戏}//深度优先遍历生成至少有一条随机通道的迷宫地图public static void creatMaze() {m = Map.m;n = Map.n;//遍历前初始化工作isBeVisit = new boolean[m * n];for (int i = 0; i < m * n; i++) isBeVisit[i] = false;      //是否已被访问//地图初始化for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {//防止发生两边上全为墙的情况Map.tp[i][0].change(Math.random() * 3 > 1 ? 0 : 1);Map.tp[i][n - 1].change(Math.random() * 3 > 1 ? 0 : 1);}for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {Map.tp[0][i].change(Math.random() * 3 > 1 ? 0 : 1);Map.tp[m - 1][i].change(Math.random() * 3 > 1 ? 0 : 1);}for (int i = 1; i < m - 1; i++)for (int j = 1; j < n - 1; j++)//内部的位置初始化全为墙Map.tp[i][j].change(0);//随机生成豆豆人位置m_startx =  (int) (Math.random() * m / 2);m_starty = (int)  (Math.random() * n / 2);//从豆豆人位置开始深度优先遍历与它x 、y坐标相差均为偶数的点构成的图DFS(m_startx * n + m_starty);//这一步在 tp[m-2][n-2]与豆豆人位置x 、y坐标相差均为偶数时非常重要，保证有到达小黄豆的路径if (Math.random() * 2 > 1)Map.tp[m - 2][n - 1].change(1);elseMap.tp[m - 1][n - 2].change(1);    //两者只要有一个为路即可，故随机取其一//豆豆人和小黄豆的位置作另作处理Map.tp[m_startx][m_starty].change(2);  //豆豆人Map.tp[m - 1][n - 1].change(3);            //小黄豆changeable_key = true;  //键盘可控制豆豆人移动m_currex = m_startx;m_currey = m_starty;  //开始新游戏前豆豆人当前位置与开始位置相等restart = false;}//从S点开始深度优先遍历与它x 、y坐标相差均为偶数的点构成的图，并打通每一步需要通过的墙public static void DFS(int s) {Map.tp[s / n][s % n].change(1);isBeVisit[s] = true;

五、成果展示

迷宫游戏开始界面

迷宫游戏界面+角色走过的路径显示

提供显示最佳路径

迷宫通关界面

源代码如下：

package Maze;
//程序开始界面import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.*;@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class StartUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener {private JButton button1 = new JButton("24 X 24");private JButton button2 = new JButton("35 X 35");private JButton button3 = new JButton("46 X 46");private JButton button4 = new JButton("？");StartUI() {//将选择按钮包含在选择面板上JPanel choose = new JPanel();choose.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2));choose.add(button1);choose.add(button2);choose.add(button3);choose.add(button4);//注册侦听器button1.addActionListener(this);button2.addActionListener(this);button3.addActionListener(this);button4.addActionListener(this);//提示信息JPanel message = new JPanel() {   //匿名内部类protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {setSize(200, 300);g.drawString("请选择地图大小", 100, 35);}};//主界面布局setLayout(new BorderLayout(120, 40));add(choose, BorderLayout.CENTER);add(message, BorderLayout.NORTH);add(new JPanel(), BorderLayout.EAST);add(new JPanel(), BorderLayout.WEST);add(new JPanel(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);//基本设置setTitle("豆豆人找朋友");setSize(800, 600);setLocationRelativeTo(null);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setVisible(true);setResizable(false);}public static void main(String[] args) {new StartUI();}//按钮事件处理public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {if (e.getSource() == button1) {dispose();new Map(18, 18);} else if (e.getSource() == button2) {dispose();new Map(25, 25);} else if (e.getSource() == button3) {dispose();new Map(40, 40);} else {getData();}}public void getData() {int m = 0, n = 0;String crowString;try {crowString = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请输入自定义的行数（>5）");m = Integer.parseInt(crowString);crowString = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请输入自定义的列数（>5）");n = Integer.parseInt(crowString);if (m <= 5 || n <= 5) throw new Exception();else {dispose();  //setVisible(false);new Map(m, n);}} catch (Exception e) {JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "由于用户取消或输入不符合要求等原因，未正常创建地图。","未创建地图！", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);}}}```java
package Maze;//地图界面import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.*;@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Map extends JFrame implements ActionListener, KeyListener, Runnable {static int m, n;static Paint[][] tp = null;        //显示动画,同一包内类均可访问//时间限制static Thread timeThread;                //时间控制线程static int timelimit, remaintime;static JPanel timePanel = new JPanel() {     //剩余时间显示面板public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {super.paintComponent(g);String rt;if (timelimit == 0) {rt = "无敌版";setForeground(Color.GREEN);    //绿色表示无时间限制} else {rt = remaintime / 3600 + " : " + (remaintime - (remaintime / 3600) * 3600) / 60 + " : " + remaintime % 60;if (remaintime > 10)setForeground(Color.BLUE);      //剩余时间充足时为蓝色elsesetForeground(Color.RED);      //剩余时间很少时为红色}g.drawString("剩余时间：  " + rt, 220, 16);}};// 菜单项private JMenuItem m_start = new JMenuItem("开始新游戏（S）");private JMenuItem m_time = new JMenuItem("游戏时间限制（L）");private JMenuItem m_return = new JMenuItem("返回主界面（R）");private JMenuItem m_exit = new JMenuItem("退出游戏（Q）");private JMenuItem m_selfconfig = new JMenuItem("编辑当前地图（E）");private JMenuItem m_randommake = new JMenuItem("随机生成地图（Z）");private JMenuItem m_sortpath = new JMenuItem("显示最短路径（T）");Map(int x, int y) {m = x;n = y;tp = new Paint[m][n];timelimit = remaintime = 0;                //初始化时，时间为0，代表没有时间限制timeThread = new Thread(this);timeThread.start();timeThread.checkAccess();//菜单JMenu game = new JMenu("游戏");JMenu edit = new JMenu("编辑");JMenu tip = new JMenu("提示");game.add(m_start);game.add(m_time);game.add(m_return);game.add(m_exit);edit.add(m_selfconfig);edit.add(m_randommake);tip.add(m_sortpath);//菜单栏JMenuBar menu = new JMenuBar();menu.add(game);menu.add(edit);menu.add(tip);//初始化地图组件,并生成随机路径for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {tp[i][j] = new Paint();}Operations.creatMaze();  //深度优先遍历生成至少有一条随机通道的迷宫地图//地图界面生成JPanel mazePane = new JPanel();mazePane.setLayout(new GridLayout(m, n, 0, 0));for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {mazePane.add(tp[i][j]);}}//菜单和时间显示放在同一面板上JPanel northPanel = new JPanel();northPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 1));northPanel.add(menu);northPanel.add(timePanel);timePanel.setBackground(new Color(245, 240, 245));menu.setBackground(new Color(245, 240, 245));//添加到框架setLayout(new BorderLayout());add(northPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);add(mazePane, BorderLayout.CENTER);add(new JPanel(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);//注册监听器m_start.addActionListener(this);m_time.addActionListener(this);m_return.addActionListener(this);m_exit.addActionListener(this);m_selfconfig.addActionListener(this);m_randommake.addActionListener(this);m_sortpath.addActionListener(this);addKeyListener(this);//基本设置setTitle("豆豆人找朋友");setSize(850, 650);setLocationRelativeTo(null);setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setVisible(true);setResizable(false);}Map() {this(25, 25);}//重写run方法，进行时间控制public void run() {if (timelimit > 0) {while (true) {try {Thread.sleep(1000);if (remaintime > 0)remaintime--;timePanel.repaint();if (timelimit > 0 && remaintime == 0) {if (Operations.m_currex != m - 1 || Operations.m_currey != n - 1) {Object[] options = {"新游戏", "重来一次"};int response = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(this,"  很遗憾，你没有在规定时间内完成任务\n请选择开始新的游戏，或重玩此游戏","游戏超时！", JOptionPane.YES_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, null, options, options[0]);if (response == 0) {Operations.restart = true;Operations.start();} else {remaintime = timelimit;tp[Operations.m_currex][Operations.m_currey].change(1);Operations.m_currex = Operations.m_startx;Operations.m_currey = Operations.m_starty;tp[Operations.m_currex][Operations.m_currey].change(2);}}}} catch (Exception e) {}}}}//菜单事件处理public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {if (e.getSource() == m_start) {Operations.start();} else if (e.getSource() == m_return) {dispose(); //关闭当前窗口new StartUI();} else if (e.getSource() == m_exit) {System.exit(0);} else if (e.getSource() == m_selfconfig) {Operations.selfconfig();} else if (e.getSource() == m_randommake) {Operations.randommake();} else if (e.getSource() == m_sortpath) {Operations.findPath();} else if (e.getSource() == m_time) {Operations.setTime();}}//键盘事件处理public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {}public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {}public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {switch (e.getKeyCode()) {case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:Operations.down();break;case KeyEvent.VK_UP:Operations.up();break;case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:Operations.left();break;case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:Operations.right();break;case KeyEvent.VK_S:Operations.start();break;case KeyEvent.VK_Q:System.exit(0);break;case KeyEvent.VK_R:dispose();new StartUI();break;case KeyEvent.VK_E:Operations.selfconfig();break;case KeyEvent.VK_Z:Operations.randommake();break;case KeyEvent.VK_T:Operations.findPath();break;case KeyEvent.VK_L:Operations.setTime();break;}}}```java
package Maze;import sun.lwawt.macosx.CPrinterGraphics;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.ImageObserver;
import java.util.ArrayList;public class Operations{static int m, n;   //用于拷贝map.m和map.n的值static int m_currex, m_currey;   //豆豆人当前位置static int m_startx, m_starty;   //豆豆人开始位置static boolean changeable_key = true;     //可用键盘控制豆豆人移动static boolean restart = false;private static boolean[] isBeVisit = null;//生成随机地图专用数据//迷宫地图最短路径深度图算法public static void findPath() {Map.timeThread.checkAccess();   ;    //时间控制线程休眠changeable_key = true;   //可用键盘控制豆豆人setEditable(false);       //不可编辑m = Map.m;n = Map.n;int max = m * n;                 //任意一点到小黄豆的最短路径长度不会超出m*n。int[] depthGraph = new int[m * n];     //路径深度图//路径深度图初始化depthGraph[m * n - 1] = 0;                //小黄豆到自己的距离自然是0for (int i = 0; i < m * n - 1; i++) {if (Map.tp[i / n][i % n].isWall())depthGraph[i] = -1;           //墙表示为-1，表示无通路elsedepthGraph[i] = max;           //未确定距离时已max表示}boolean flag = true;             //循环过程中是否有某点的路径深度被修改int currex, currey;               //记录当前访问点的坐标int aroundmin;                   //周围可行方向的最小路径深度 + 1//动态更新路径深度图直至其达到稳态（即最后一次循环过程中不再有路径深度被修改）while (flag) {flag = false;for (int s = m * n - 1; s >= 0; s--) {if (depthGraph[s] != -1) {aroundmin = depthGraph[s];currex = s / n;currey = s % n;if (currey + 1 < n && depthGraph[s + 1] != -1 && depthGraph[s + 1] + 1 < aroundmin)aroundmin = depthGraph[s + 1] + 1;if (currex + 1 < m && depthGraph[s + n] != -1 && depthGraph[s + n] + 1 < aroundmin)aroundmin = depthGraph[s + n] + 1;if (currey - 1 >= 0 && depthGraph[s - 1] != -1 && depthGraph[s - 1] + 1 < aroundmin)aroundmin = depthGraph[s - 1] + 1;if (currex - 1 >= 0 && depthGraph[s - n] != -1 && depthGraph[s - n] + 1 < aroundmin)aroundmin = depthGraph[s - n] + 1;if (aroundmin < depthGraph[s]) {depthGraph[s] = aroundmin;flag = true;}}}}//利用已生成的路径深度图，找到从豆豆人到小黄豆之间的最短路径int[] path = new int[m * n];                    //用于存放最短路径的数组int currePoint = m_startx * n + m_starty;         //当前访问点,初始值为豆豆人位置int depth = depthGraph[currePoint];         //豆豆人位置的路径深度值int step = depth - 1;                     //当前要查找的路径深度while (step > 0) {currex = currePoint / n;currey = currePoint % n;if (currey + 1 < n && depthGraph[currePoint + 1] == step) {currePoint += 1;} else if (currex + 1 < m && depthGraph[currePoint + n] == step) {currePoint += n;} else if (currey - 1 >= 0 && depthGraph[currePoint - 1] == step) {currePoint -= 1;} else if (currex - 1 >= 0 && depthGraph[currePoint - n] == step) {currePoint -= n;}path[step--] = currePoint;}int s;         //临时存放位置for (int i = 1; i < depth; i++) {s = path[i];Map.tp[s / n][s % n].change(2);   //显示最短路径}restart = true;                //可开始新游戏}//深度优先遍历生成至少有一条随机通道的迷宫地图public static void creatMaze() {m = Map.m;n = Map.n;//遍历前初始化工作isBeVisit = new boolean[m * n];for (int i = 0; i < m * n; i++) isBeVisit[i] = false;      //是否已被访问//地图初始化for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {//防止发生两边上全为墙的情况Map.tp[i][0].change(Math.random() * 3 > 1 ? 0 : 1);Map.tp[i][n - 1].change(Math.random() * 3 > 1 ? 0 : 1);}for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {Map.tp[0][i].change(Math.random() * 3 > 1 ? 0 : 1);Map.tp[m - 1][i].change(Math.random() * 3 > 1 ? 0 : 1);}for (int i = 1; i < m - 1; i++)for (int j = 1; j < n - 1; j++)//内部的位置初始化全为墙Map.tp[i][j].change(0);//随机生成豆豆人位置m_startx =  (int) (Math.random() * m / 2);m_starty = (int)  (Math.random() * n / 2);//从豆豆人位置开始深度优先遍历与它x 、y坐标相差均为偶数的点构成的图DFS(m_startx * n + m_starty);//这一步在 tp[m-2][n-2]与豆豆人位置x 、y坐标相差均为偶数时非常重要，保证有到达小黄豆的路径if (Math.random() * 2 > 1)Map.tp[m - 2][n - 1].change(1);elseMap.tp[m - 1][n - 2].change(1);    //两者只要有一个为路即可，故随机取其一//豆豆人和小黄豆的位置作另作处理Map.tp[m_startx][m_starty].change(2);  //豆豆人Map.tp[m - 1][n - 1].change(3);            //小黄豆changeable_key = true;  //键盘可控制豆豆人移动m_currex = m_startx;m_currey = m_starty;  //开始新游戏前豆豆人当前位置与开始位置相等restart = false;}//从S点开始深度优先遍历与它x 、y坐标相差均为偶数的点构成的图，并打通每一步需要通过的墙public static void DFS(int s) {Map.tp[s / n][s % n].change(1);isBeVisit[s] = true;//用于以随机顺序存储方向   右0下1左2上3int[] direction = new int[4];boolean[] isStored = new boolean[4];//方向是否已被存储for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) isStored[i] = false;//当前点对应的实际坐标int currex = s / n, currey = s % n;//按随机顺序存储方向int rand, length = 0;//随机数 用于产生随机顺序 ，length表示已存储方向的个数while (length < 4) {rand = (int) (Math.random() * 4);    //0~3if (!isStored[rand]) {direction[length++] = rand;//修改为true，防止重复存储isStored[rand] = true;}}for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {switch (direction[i]) {case 0:if (currey + 2 < n) {                             //右if (!isBeVisit[s + 2]) {//打通[currex][currey]与[currex][currey+2]之间的墙，下同Map.tp[currex][currey + 1].change(1);DFS(s + 2);}}break;case 1:if (currex + 2 < m) {                              //下if (!isBeVisit[s + 2 * n]) {Map.tp[currex + 1][currey].change(1);DFS(s + 2 * n);}}break;case 2:                                               //左if (currey - 2 >= 0) {if (!isBeVisit[s - 2]) {Map.tp[currex][currey - 1].change(1);DFS(s - 2);}}break;case 3:                                            //上if (currex - 2 >= 0) {if (!isBeVisit[s - 2 * n]) {Map.tp[currex - 1][currey].change(1);DFS(s - 2 * n);}}break;}}}//开始游戏public static void start() {if (restart) creatMaze();Map.remaintime = Map.timelimit;Map.timeThread.checkAccess();changeable_key = true;    //使用键盘控制豆豆人setEditable(false);       //不可编辑}//设置时间public static void setTime() {int time;String timeStr;try {timeStr = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("请输入最大时间限制（单位为秒)：\n提示：输入0代表无时间限制）");time = Integer.parseInt(timeStr);if (time < 0) throw new Exception();Map.timelimit = time;   //设置完时间后重新开始游戏Object[] options = {"新游戏", "当前游戏"};int response = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(null, "请选择是否开始新游戏还是重新玩当前游戏","游戏时间设置成功", JOptionPane.YES_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, null, options, options[0]);if (response == 0) {restart = true;start();} else if (response == 1) {Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey].change(1);m_currex = m_startx;m_currey = m_starty;Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey].change(2);restart = false;start();}} catch (Exception e) {JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "由于用户取消或输入不符合要求等原因，游戏时间限定设置失败。","未更改游戏时间限制", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);Map.timeThread.checkAccess(); //返回调用前状态}}//豆豆人的移动//只有往右走和往下走才有可能到小黄豆，因此只检测这两种情况是否成功找到小黄豆public static void down() {if (!changeable_key) return;if (m_currex == m - 1 && m_currey == n - 1) return;if (m_currex + 1 == m - 1 && m_currey == n - 1) {Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey].change(1);m_currex++;restart = true;int anwser = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "恭喜你帮助豆豆人找到小黄豆，是否开始新的游戏。","成功找到小黄豆！", JOptionPane.YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION);if (anwser == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) start();} else if (m_currex + 1 < m && !Map.tp[m_currex + 1][m_currey].isWall()) {Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey].change(4);Map.tp[++m_currex][m_currey].change(2);}}public static void up() {if (!changeable_key) return;if (m_currex == m - 1 && m_currey == n - 1) return;if (m_currex - 1 >= 0 && !Map.tp[m_currex - 1][m_currey].isWall()) {Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey].change(4);Map.tp[--m_currex][m_currey].change(2);}}public static void left() {if (!changeable_key) return;if (m_currex == m - 1 && m_currey == n - 1) return;if (m_currey - 1 >= 0 && !Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey - 1].isWall()) {Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey].change(4);Map.tp[m_currex][--m_currey].change(2);}}public static void right() {if (!changeable_key) return;if (m_currex == m - 1 && m_currey == n - 1) return;if (m_currex == m - 1 && m_currey + 1 == n - 1) {Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey].change(1);m_currey++;restart = true;int anwser = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "恭喜你帮助豆豆人找到小黄豆，是否开始新的游戏。","成功找到小黄豆！", JOptionPane.YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION);if (anwser == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) start();} else if (m_currey + 1 >= 0 && !Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey + 1].isWall()) {Map.tp[m_currex][m_currey].change(4);Map.tp[m_currex][++m_currey].change(2);}}//设置是否能编辑public static void setEditable(boolean e) {for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)Map.tp[i][j].setChangeable_click(e);//即使在编辑模式下豆豆人和小黄豆也不能修改Map.tp[m - 1][n - 1].setChangeable_click(false);Map.tp[m_startx][m_starty].setChangeable_click(false);}//自定义地图public static void selfconfig() {Map.timeThread.checkAccess();    //时间控制线程休眠changeable_key = true;      //可用键盘移动豆豆人setEditable(true);           //可以使墙变路、路变墙m_startx = m_currex;m_startx = m_currex;restart = false;               //保证开始游戏时使用的是编辑得到的地图Map.timeThread.checkAccess();   //时间控制回到调用函数前状态}//随机迷宫@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")public static void randommake() {Map.timeThread.checkAccess();    //时间控制线程休眠creatMaze();changeable_key = false;setEditable(true);restart = false;        //保证开始游戏时使用的是编辑得到的地图Map.timeThread.checkAccess();   //时间控制回到调用函数前状态}
}```java
package Maze;//显示墙、路、豆豆人和小黄豆的面板import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Paint extends JPanel implements MouseListener {private boolean changeable_click;//标志 0：墙 1：路 2：豆豆人 3：小黄豆 4:脚印private int flag;private Image wall = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8697.jpg").getImage();        //墙private Image road = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8689.jpg").getImage();        //路private Image role = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8665.PNG").getImage();        //豆豆人private Image bean = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8663.PNG").getImage();        //小黄豆private Image step = new ImageIcon("/Users/xiaoying/Desktop/IMG_8701.jpg").getImage();        //脚印Paint(int f) {flag = f;changeable_click = false;    //初始化时不能通过鼠标点击改变 flag 的值addMouseListener(this);}Paint() {this(0);}//重写paintComponent方法，画图public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {super.paintComponent(g);if (flag == 0)g.drawImage(wall, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);else if (flag == 1)g.drawImage(road, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);else if (flag == 2)g.drawImage(role, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);else if (flag == 3)g.drawImage(bean, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);elseg.drawImage(step, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);}//访问器public int getFlag() {return flag;}//是否为墙public boolean isWall() {return flag == 0;}//是否可通过点击实现墙路互变public boolean isChangeable() {return changeable_click;}//设置为是否能墙路互变public void setChangeable_click(boolean c) {changeable_click = c;}//修改标志并重画面板public void change(int f) {flag = f;repaint();}//鼠标事件处理public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {}public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {}public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {}public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {}public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {if (!changeable_click) return;if (flag == 0) {flag = 1;repaint();} else {flag = 0;repaint();}}}