Merriam-Webster's Vocabulary Builder 学习笔记 Unit 19

Unit 19

2018.05.27

[bio-]:"life"
- biology：生物学
- biosphere：生物圈
- biotechnology：生物技术
- bionic：仿生学的
  - Made stronger or more capable by electronic or mechanical devices.
- biopsy ：活组织切片检查
  - The removal and examination of tissue, cells, or fluids from a living body.
- biodegradable：可生物降解的 de- ：downward -grad：to step or move
  - Able to be broken down into harmless substances by microorganisms or other living things.
- symbiosis：共生关系；互利互惠关系 sym-：with
  - (1) The close living together of two different forms of life in a way that benefits both. (2) A cooperative relationship between two people or groups.
[gen-]:"birth"
- gene：基因
- genealogy：族谱
- generation：一代人
- genesis：起源；开端
  - Origin, beginning.
- generator：发电机
  - A machine by which mechanical energy is changed into electrical energy
- genre：类型；流派
  - Kind, sort; especially a distinctive type or category of literature, art, or music.
    - genus：类，种；（动植物等分类的）属
- car·cino·genic：致癌的 -genic：causing
  - Producing or causing cancer.
    - carcinogen：致癌物
[funct-]:"to perform ,carry out"
- functional
- function
- functionary：工作人员；公职人员（底层）
  - (1) Someone who performs a certain function. (2) Someone who holds a position in a political party or government.
    - bureaucrat：官僚
- malfunction：出故障
  - To fail to operate in the normal or usual manner.
- defunct：不再存在的；失去作用的 de-:"the opposite of"
  - No longer, living, existing, or functioning.
- dysfunctional：(关系、行为等)出现障碍的,不正常的
  - (1) Showing abnormal or unhealthy behaviors and attitudes within a group of people. (2) Being unable to function in a normal way.
[mut-]:"to change"
- mutation：变异
- mutate
- mutant：突变体
- commute：交换；减刑；通勤
  - (1) To exchange or substitute; especially to change a penalty to another one that is less severe. (2) To travel back and forth regularly.
    - commutation：减刑，代偿
    - commutator：（电流）换向器
- immutable：不可改变的；永恒不变的
  - Not able or liable to change.
    - mutable：易变的
    - immutability：不变,不变性,永恒性
- permutation：排列（方式）；置换
  - A change in the order of a set of objects; rearrangement, variation.
- transmute：变形；变化，转化；变质；改观
  - (1) To change in shape, appearance, or nature, especially for the better; to transform. (2) To experience such a change.
[fract-]:"to break or shatter"
- fraction：小部分
- fracture：破裂
- fractious：捣乱的，暴躁的；易怒的
  - (1) Apt to cause trouble or be unruly. (2) Stirring up quarrels; irritable.
- fractal：不规则碎片形
  - An irregular shape that looks much the same at any scale on which it is examined.
- infraction：违法，违规
  - The breaking of a law or a violation of another's rights.
- refraction：折射
  - The change of direction of a ray of light or wave of energy as it passes at an angle from one substance into another in which its speed is different.
[tele-]:"distant" or "at a distance"
- telescope：望远镜
- telephoto：用远距镜头照相的
- television：电视
- telegenic：上镜的
  - Well-suited to appear on television, especially by having an appearance and manner attractive to viewers.
    - photogenic：上镜的
- teleological：目的论的（认为事物的发生和发展都是为了达到一定目的）
  - Showing or relating to design or purpose, especially in nature.
- telemetry：遥感勘测
  - The science or process of measuring such things as pressure, speed, or temperature, sending the result usually by radio to a distant station, and recording the measurements there.
- telecommute：(在家里通过使用与工作单位连接的计算机终端)远距离工作
  - To work at home using an electronic link with a central office.
[phil-]:"love"
- philosophy：哲学 (love of wisdom) proper name, from Gk. sophia "wisdom,
- bibliophile：爱书者,藏书家 biblio-：书
- oenophile：葡萄酒品尝家
  - A person with an appreciation and usually knowledge of fine wine.
    - oenologist：酿酒师
- philatelist：集邮家
  - A person who collects or studies stamps.
- Anglophile：亲英派的人
  - A person who greatly admires or favors England and English things.
- philanthropy：慈善，捐助；慈善组织 -anthrop：人，人类
  - (1) A charitable act or gift. (2) An organization that distributes or is supported by charitable contributions.
[neg-/nec-/ne-]:"to say no"
- negate：取消，使无效；否定
- negative：有害的；消极的；否定的
- negligent：疏忽的；随便的
  - (1) Failing to take proper or normal care. (2) Marked by or likely to show neglect.
    - neglect：忽视；疏忽
    - neglectful：疏忽的
    - negligence：玩忽职守（法律）；不修边幅
- abnegation：自制
  - Self-denial.
- negligible：微不足道的
  - So small as to be neglected or disregarded.
- renege ：违背诺言
  - To go back on a promise or commitment.
    - 【Synonym】welsh：说话不算数
[dec-]:"ten"
- decade：十年
- decimal：十进位的
- decahedron：十面体
- decalogue：摩西十诫
  - (1) (capitalized) The Ten Commandments. (2) Any basic set of rules that must be obeyed.
- decathlon：十项运动
  - An athletic contest made up of ten parts.
- decibel：分贝
  - A unit based on a scale ranging from 0 to about 130 used to measure the loudness of sound, with 0 indicating the least sound that can be heard and 130 the average level that causes pain.
- decimate：严重削弱；大量毁灭
  - To reduce drastically or destroy most of.
[cent-]:"one hundred"
- cent
- centipede：蜈蚣
- century
- centenary：一百周年
  - A 100th anniversary or the celebration of it; a centennial.
- centigrade：摄氏度的
  - Relating to a temperature scale in which 0° is the freezing point of water and 100° is its boiling point.
- centimeter：厘米
  - A length measuring 1/100th of a meter, or about 0.39 inch.
- centurion：百夫长
  - The officer in command of a Roman century, originally a troop of 100 soldiers.

格式参照 https://blog.csdn.net/justry24/article/details/77929519

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