步骤运行代码块高亮

路由
- 历史回顾
- - Babylon.js部分
  - Blockly部分
前言
最终实现效果
本文内容
实现
- 1. 安装依赖
- 2. 简化语法
- 3. 引入js解析器
- 4. 运行代码
- 5. 加入高亮
完整代码
本文章的用例代码已经同步到github上，运行程序后访问链接即可查看效果: [http://localhost:3000/#/Class/blockclass4](http://localhost:3000/#/Class/blockclass4)
开源项目GitHub链接
资源下载链接
你的点赞是我继续编写的动力

路由

历史回顾

Babylon.js部分

Vue实现图形化积木式编程(一) ---- Babylon.js基础场景搭建
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(二) ---- Babylon.js加载模型到场景中
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(三) ---- Babylon.js点击拖拽移动模型
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(四) ---- Babylon.js实现碰撞效果
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(五) ---- Babylon.js自定义启动界面
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(六) ---- Babylon.js相机控制与相机动画
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(七) ---- babylonjs-gui 按钮实现
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(八) ---- 将3d界面放入可拖动窗口中

Blockly部分

Vue实现图形化积木式编程(九) ---- Blockly代码块编辑区域基本场景搭建
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(十) ---- Blockly自定义块
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(十一) ---- Blockly插件使用
Vue实现图形化积木式编程(十二) ---- 执行Blockly生成代码

前言

TIPS：该案例设计主要参考iRobot Coding,只用做学习用途，侵删。

https://code.irobot.com/#/

最终实现效果

本文内容

步骤运行代码块高亮

实现

1. 安装依赖

安装js解析器

npm install js-interpreter

2. 简化语法

在上一篇文章中提到了由于代码块是异步任务，而异步任务需要顺序执行，所以语法上需要构造成一个用async函数包裹的立即执行函数，虽然它的执行逻辑符合需求，但是对于没学过编程的同学第一眼看上去会觉得很乱，所以这里需要引入js-interpreter来简化生成代码语法。

(async ()=>{robot.init();await robot.move(50);await robot.arc(0, 90, 50);
robot.stop();
})()

从原来的async代码块形式改为:

robot.init();robot.move(50);robot.arc(0, 90, 50);
robot.stop();

相应的，生成代码的地方改成如下形式：

/*** 自定义组件生成代码* @param block* @returns {string}*/
Blockly.JavaScript['while_program_start'] = function (block) {let while_content = Blockly.JavaScript.statementToCode(block, 'while_content');while_content = while_content.slice(0, -1) // 去除最后一个\nconst code = `
robot.init();
${while_content}
robot.stop();
`return code;
};Blockly.JavaScript['move'] = function (block) {var text_move_distance = block.getFieldValue('move_distance');var code = `robot.move(${text_move_distance});\n`;return code;
};Blockly.JavaScript['turn'] = function (block) {var dropdown_dirction = block.getFieldValue('dirction');var angle_degree = block.getFieldValue('degree');var code = `robot.turn(${dropdown_dirction}, ${angle_degree});\n`;return code;
};Blockly.JavaScript['arc'] = function (block) {var dropdown_dirction = block.getFieldValue('dirction');var angle_degree = block.getFieldValue('degree');var radius = block.getFieldValue('radius');var code = `robot.arc(${dropdown_dirction}, ${angle_degree}, ${radius});\n`;return code;
};

3. 引入js解析器

当然了，上面简化后的语句使用eval执行并不能实现串行顺序执行的效果，我们需要实例化一个JS Interpreter
JS Interpreter是一个与浏览器完全隔离的沙箱环境，任何函数或者变量都需要添加到解释器中。
需要注意的是，interpreter.createNativeFunction接受的函数的最后一个参数callback(额外参数)必须调用才视为异步函数调用结束，具体见链接: JS-Interpreter文档，也可加下图

import Interpreter from 'js-interpreter'
// 将blockly工作区挂载到dom树上
let workspace = Blockly.inject(this.$refs.blocklyDiv, this.options)
// 这个Robot实例对象在上一篇文章有定义，其中包含最基本的init()、stop()、move(dir)、arc(direction, degree, distance)等方法
let robotController = new Robot()
// let code = BlocklyJS.workspaceToCode(this.$refs.blocklyDiv.workspace)
// 假设已经通过BlocklyJS.workspaceToCode获取到了blocky代码块生成的代码字符串
let code = `
robot.init();robot.move(50);robot.arc(0, 90, 50);
robot.stop();
` function runCode(code) {// 实例化js解析器// 在创建js解析器期间，会调用initApi方法创建解析器的全局变量let myInterpreter = new Interpreter(code, initApi);
}function initApi(interpreter, globalObject) {// 创建 'robot' 的全局对象var robot = interpreter.nativeToPseudo({});interpreter.setProperty(globalObject, 'robot', robot);// 定义 'robot.init' 的函数let iniWrapper = function init() {return robotController.init();};interpreter.setProperty(robot, 'init',interpreter.createNativeFunction(iniWrapper));// 定义 'robot.stop' 的函数var stopWrapper = function stop() {return robotController.stop();};interpreter.setProperty(robot, 'stop',interpreter.createNativeFunction(stopWrapper));// 定义 'robot.move' 的函数// interpreter.createAsyncFunction接受的函数最后一个参数为callback必须调用了才视为异步函数执行完成var moveWrapper = function move(distance, callback) {console.log('调用moveWrapper', that.robot,that.robot.move)robotController.move(distance).then(()=>{console.log('move完成了')callback(1)})};interpreter.setProperty(robot, 'move',interpreter.createAsyncFunction(moveWrapper));// 定义 'robot.arc' 的函数var arcWrapper = function arc(dir, degree, radius, callback) {robotController.arc(dir, degree, radius).then(()=>{console.log('arc完成了')callback()})};interpreter.setProperty(robot, 'arc',interpreter.createAsyncFunction(arcWrapper));}

4. 运行代码

上一个操作中js-Interpreter已经将code解析成一系列可单步执行的代码块
可通过myInterpreter.step()来单步执行代码，或者通过myInterpreter.run()一次性执行所有

function runStepByStep(myInterpreter){if (myInterpreter) {// run函数是一次性执行完所有的，单步执行可使用myInterpreter.step()var hasMore = myInterpreter.run();if (hasMore) {// 当前程序处于某个异步调用函数中，被阻塞了，设置延迟再调用。setTimeout(runStepByStep, 10, myInterpreter);} else {console.log('代码全部执行完了');}}}

5. 加入高亮

使用workspace.highlightBlock(id) 能高亮某个代码块
使用Blockly.JavaScript.STATEMENT_SUFFIX 可再每个语句前插入highlightBlock函数- 具体见: STATEMENT_PREFIX解释

在创建worksapce之前设置在每个语句之前出入高亮块

function initHighlightBlock() {// 可以在生成JavaScript代码之前通过设置STATEMENT_PREFIX在逐条语句级别上完成此操作Blockly.JavaScript.STATEMENT_PREFIX = 'highlightBlock(%1);\n';// 将highlightBlock添加为保留字Blockly.JavaScript.addReservedWords('highlightBlock');}

在原来initApi函数基础上再加一个

      // 创建 'highlightBlock' 的函数var hightlightWrapper = function(id) {// console.log("highlightBlock")id = String(id || '');return workspace.highlightBlock(id);};interpreter.setProperty(globalObject, 'highlightBlock',interpreter.createNativeFunction(hightlightWrapper));

在原来runStepByStep函数基础上，调用结束后设置workspace.highlightBlock(null)

function runStepByStep(myInterpreter){if (myInterpreter) {// run函数是一次性执行完所有的，单步执行可使用myInterpreter.step()var hasMore = myInterpreter.run();if (hasMore) {// 当前程序处于某个异步调用函数中，被阻塞了，设置延迟再调用。setTimeout(runStepByStep, 10, myInterpreter);} else {console.log('代码全部执行完了');workspace.highlightBlock(null)}}}

完整代码

测试用例

<template><div id="blockly"><!-- 工作区 --><div id="blocklyDiv" ref="blocklyDiv" style="height: 500px; width: 800px;"></div><button style="position: fixed;left: 50px;top: 10px;" @click="block2code">生成代码</button><!-- 代码显示区 --><div style="background-color: lightgrey;width: 800px;text-align: left"><pre v-html="code?code:'请点击生成代码按钮'"></pre></div><button style="position: fixed;left: 150px;top: 10px;" @click="runCode">eval执行代码</button><button style="position: fixed;left: 300px;top: 10px;" @click="runCode2">new Function执行代码</button><button style="position: fixed;left: 500px;top: 10px;" @click="runCode3">js-interpreter执行代码</button></div>
</template><script>
import Blockly from 'blockly'
import BlocklyJS from 'blockly/javascript';
import './customBlock'
import Robot from './robot'
import Interpreter from "js-interpreter";
export default {name: "blocklyClass4",data() {return {code: '',options: {horizontalLayout: true,//工具箱水平toolboxPosition: "end",//工具箱在底部toolbox: {"kind": "flyoutToolbox","contents": [{"kind": "block","type": "while_program_start",},{"kind": "block","type": "move",},{"kind": "block","type": "turn",},{"kind": "block","type": "arc"},{"kind": "block","type": "draw"},{"kind": "block","type": "pencilcolor"},{"kind": "block","type": "controls_repeat_ext"},{"kind": "block","type": "controls_whileUntil"},{"kind": "block","type": "controls_for"},{"kind": "block","type": "controls_if"},{"kind": "block","type": "logic_compare"},{"kind": "block","type": "logic_operation"},{"kind": "block","type": "logic_negate"},{"kind": "block","type": "logic_boolean"},{"kind": "sep","gap": "32"},{"kind": "block","blockxml": "<block type='math_number'><field name='NUM'>10</field></block>"},{"kind": "block","type": "math_arithmetic"},{"kind": "block","type": "math_single"},{"kind": "block","type": "text"},{"kind": "block","type": "text_length"},{"kind": "block","type": "text_print"},{"kind": "block","type": "variables_get"},{"kind": "block","type": "variables_set"},]}},workspace: null}},mounted() {this.initHighlightBlock()this.workspace = Blockly.inject(this.$refs.blocklyDiv, this.options);this.robot = new Robot()},methods: {/*** block代码块转为代码*/block2code() {this.code = BlocklyJS.workspaceToCode(this.$refs.blocklyDiv.workspace)},/*** 执行生成代码*/runCode() {if (!this.code) {alert('请先点击生成代码');return}window.robot = this.roboteval(this.code)},runCode2() {if (!this.code) {alert('请先点击生成代码');return}let fn = new Function('robot', this.code)fn(this.robot)},runCode3() {if (!this.code) {alert('请先点击生成代码');return}// 实例化js解析器// 在创建js解析器期间，会调用initApi方法创建解析器的全局变量let myInterpreter = new Interpreter(this.code, this.initApi);console.log('myInterpreter', myInterpreter)// this.initJsInterpreter(this.code)this.runStepByStep(myInterpreter)},runStepByStep(myInterpreter){if (myInterpreter) {var hasMore = myInterpreter.run();if (hasMore) {// 执行当前被某个异步调用阻止。//请稍后再试。setTimeout(this.runStepByStep, 10, myInterpreter);} else {this.highlightBlock(null);console.log('代码全部执行完了');}}},initHighlightBlock() {// 可以在生成JavaScript代码之前通过设置STATEMENT_PREFIX在逐条语句级别上完成此操作Blockly.JavaScript.STATEMENT_PREFIX = 'highlightBlock(%1);\n';// 将highlightBlock添加为保留字Blockly.JavaScript.addReservedWords('highlightBlock');},highlightBlock(id) {this.workspace.highlightBlock(id);},initApi(interpreter, globalObject) {let that = this// 创建 'highlightBlock' 的函数var hightlightWrapper = function(id) {// console.log("highlightBlock")id = String(id || '');return that.highlightBlock(id);};interpreter.setProperty(globalObject, 'highlightBlock',interpreter.createNativeFunction(hightlightWrapper));// 创建 'robot' 的全局对象var robot = interpreter.nativeToPseudo({});interpreter.setProperty(globalObject, 'robot', robot);// 定义 'robot.init' 的函数let iniWrapper = function init() {return that.robot.init();};interpreter.setProperty(robot, 'init',interpreter.createNativeFunction(iniWrapper));// 定义 'robot.stop' 的函数var stopWrapper = function stop() {return that.robot.stop();};interpreter.setProperty(robot, 'stop',interpreter.createNativeFunction(stopWrapper));// 定义 'robot.move' 的函数// interpreter.createAsyncFunction接受的函数最后一个参数为callback必须调用了才视为异步函数执行完成var moveWrapper = function move(distance, callback) {that.robot.move(distance).then(()=>{console.log('move完成了')callback(1)})};interpreter.setProperty(robot, 'move',interpreter.createAsyncFunction(moveWrapper));// 定义 'robot.arc' 的函数var arcWrapper = function arc(dir, degree, radius, callback) {that.robot.arc(dir, degree, radius).then(()=>{console.log('arc完成了')callback()})};interpreter.setProperty(robot, 'arc',interpreter.createAsyncFunction(arcWrapper));}}
}
</script><style scoped>
#blockly {position: absolute;left: 50px;top: 50px;bottom: 0;width: calc(100vw - 50px);height: calc(100vh - 50px);display: flex;flex-direction: column;
}
</style>

Blockly自定义组件

import * as Blockly from 'blockly/core'import * as hans from 'blockly/msg/zh-hans'Blockly.setLocale(hans);//汉化/*** 自定义组件注册*/
Blockly.defineBlocksWithJsonArray([//事件{"type": "while_program_start","message0": "当程序运行 %1 %2","args0": [{"type": "input_dummy"},{"type": "input_statement","name": "while_content"}],"previousStatement": null,"nextStatement": null,"colour": "#609FD6","strokeColour": "#4088C8","tooltip": "123","helpUrl": "1"},//指令{"type": "move","message0": "移动 %1 CM","args0": [{"type": "field_input","name": "move_distance","text": "50"}],"previousStatement": null,"nextStatement": null,"colour": "#F7D233","strokeColour": "#CCAD2B","tooltip": "","helpUrl": ""},{"type": "turn","message0": "向 %1 %2","args0": [{"type": "field_dropdown","name": "dirction","options": [["左转","0"],["右转","1"]]},{"type": "field_angle","name": "degree","angle": 90}],"previousStatement": null,"nextStatement": null,"colour": "#F7D233","strokeColour": "#CCAD2B","tooltip": "","helpUrl": ""},{"type": "arc","message0": "弧形 %1 %2 ，半径 %3 CM","args0": [{"type": "field_dropdown","name": "dirction","options": [["向左","0"],["向右","1"]]},{"type": "field_angle","name": "degree","angle": 90},{"type": "field_number","name": "radius","value": 50,"min": 1,"max": 100}],"previousStatement": null,"nextStatement": null,"colour": "#F7D233","strokeColour": "#CCAD2B","tooltip": "","helpUrl": ""},{"type": "draw","message0": "设置 %1","args0": [{"type": "field_dropdown","name": "pencilState","options": [[{"src": 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50,"height": 50,"alt": "pencil down"},"1"],[{"src": 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50,"height": 50,"alt": "pencil up"},"0"]]}],"previousStatement": null,"nextStatement": null,"colour": "#81C679","tooltip": "","helpUrl": ""},{"type": "pencilcolor","message0": "设置笔颜色： 红 %1 绿 %2 蓝 %3","args0": [{"type": "field_number","name": "red","value": 100,"min": 0,"max": 255},{"type": "field_number","name": "green","value": 100,"min": 0,"max": 255},{"type": "field_number","name": "blue","value": 100,"min": 0,"max": 255}],"previousStatement": null,"nextStatement": null,"colour": "#81C679","tooltip": "","helpUrl": ""}]
);/*** 自定义组件生成代码* @param block* @returns {string}*/
Blockly.JavaScript['while_program_start'] = function (block) {let while_content = Blockly.JavaScript.statementToCode(block, 'while_content');while_content = while_content.slice(0, -1) // 去除最后一个\nconst code =
`robot.init();
${while_content}
robot.stop();
`return code;
};Blockly.JavaScript['move'] = function (block) {var text_move_distance = block.getFieldValue('move_distance');var code = `robot.move(${text_move_distance});\n`;return code;
};Blockly.JavaScript['turn'] = function (block) {var dropdown_dirction = block.getFieldValue('dirction');var angle_degree = block.getFieldValue('degree');var code = `robot.turn(${dropdown_dirction}, ${angle_degree});\n`;return code;
};Blockly.JavaScript['arc'] = function (block) {var dropdown_dirction = block.getFieldValue('dirction');var angle_degree = block.getFieldValue('degree');var radius = block.getFieldValue('radius');var code = `robot.arc(${dropdown_dirction}, ${angle_degree}, ${radius});\n`;return code;
};Blockly.JavaScript['draw'] = function (block) {var dropdown_pencilstate = block.getFieldValue('pencilState');var code = `robot.drawable(${dropdown_pencilstate});\n`;return code;
};Blockly.JavaScript['pencilcolor'] = function (block) {var number_red = block.getFieldValue('red') / 255.0;var number_green = block.getFieldValue('green') / 255.0;var number_blue = block.getFieldValue('blue') / 255.0;var code = `robot.pencilcolor(${number_red}, ${number_green}, ${number_blue});\n`;return code;
};

Robot控制类

// eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
class Robot {constructor() {this.isRun = false}init() {console.log("robot模块化程序初始化")this.isRun = true}stop() {console.log("robot模块运行结束")this.isRun = false}checkStatus() {if (!this.isRun) {throw '程序需要初始化模块'}}async move(distance) {this.checkStatus()// 模拟小车运动return new Promise(resolve => {let moveDis = 0let interval = setInterval(() => {if (moveDis < distance) {console.log(`move ${moveDis++}`)} else {clearInterval(interval)interval = undefinedresolve()}}, 100)})}async arc(direction, degree, distance) {this.checkStatus()// 模拟小车运动return new Promise(resolve => {let moveDis = 0let interval = setInterval(() => {if (moveDis < distance) {console.log(`direction: ${direction}, move:${moveDis++}, degree: ${degree}`)} else {clearInterval(interval)interval = undefinedresolve()}}, 100)})}
}
export default Robot

本文章的用例代码已经同步到github上，运行程序后访问链接即可查看效果: http://localhost:3000/#/Class/blockclass4

开源项目GitHub链接

https://github.com/Wenbile/Child-Programming-Web

资源下载链接

Vue前端源码
ThinkJS后端源码

你的点赞是我继续编写的动力

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