android线上内存监控

Increasingly sophisticated phones and data-hungry applications make it easier than ever to blow through your cellphone plan’s data cap…and incur nasty overage charges. Read on as we show you how to manage your data use.

日益复杂的电话和需要大量数据的应用程序比以往任何时候都更容易突破手机计划的数据上限……并产生令人讨厌的超额费用。 继续阅读，我们将向您展示如何管理数据使用。

Just a few short years ago it would have been almost unheard of to blow through multiple GB of mobile data. Now apps have ballooned in size (it’s not uncommon for apps and their updates to exceed 100MB in size), and with streaming music and video becoming more popular, it’s easy to burn through your data cap in a matter of days.

就在短短几年前，几乎无法听到突破GB的移动数据。 现在，应用程序的大小Swift膨胀(应用程序及其更新的大小超过100MB并不少见)，并且流音乐和视频变得越来越流行，因此很容易在几天之内消耗掉数据上限。

Watching an hour of standard definition streaming video on Netflix or Youtube will readily and easily chew through a gigabyte of data. Bump that stream up to HD, and the data usage basically triples–about three gigabytes of data will be used. Streaming high-quality music over services like Google Play Music or Spotify? You’re looking at about 120MB an hour for that. It may not seem like much at first, but do that for an hour a day for a week and you’re up to 840MB. An hour a day for a month puts you at roughly 3.2GB. If you’re on a 5GB data plan, you just used roughly 65% of it on music alone.

在Netflix或Youtube上观看一个小时的标清流视频将轻松地读取千兆字节的数据。 撞击到高清流，数据使用率基本上增加了三倍-大约将使用3 GB的数据。 通过Google Play音乐或Spotify等服务流式传输高品质音乐？ 您正在为此每小时大约120MB。 乍一看似乎并不多，但是一周要每天花一个小时进行一次，那么您的内存就高达840MB。 每月一个小时，一个月的时间约为3.2GB。 如果您使用的是5GB的数据计划，则仅在音乐上就使用了大约65％的数据。

Sure, you could pay more for a bigger plan, but who wants to do that? Before you fork over your hard-earned dollars, here are some tricks for reducing your data usage (and keeping an eye on it).

当然，您可以为一个更大的计划付更多钱，但是谁愿意这样做？ 在用力赚来的钱之前，这里有一些技巧可以减少数据使用(并留意)。

如何检查您的数据使用情况 (How to Check Your Data Usage)

Before anything else, you need to check your data usage. If you don’t know what your typical usage looks like, you have no idea how mildly or severely you need to modify your data consumption patterns.

在进行其他操作之前，您需要检查数据使用情况。 如果您不知道典型的使用情况，则不知道需要多大程度地修改数据使用模式。

You can get a rough estimate of your data usage using Sprint, AT&T, or Verizon’s calculators, but the best thing to do is actually check your usage over the past few months.

您可以使用Sprint ， AT＆T或Verizon的计算器粗略估算数据使用量，但最好的办法是实际上检查过去几个月的使用情况。

The easiest way to check past data usage is to log into the web portal of your cellular provider (or check your paper bills) and look at what your data usage is. If you’re routinely coming in way under your data cap, you may wish to contact your provider and see if you can switch to a less expensive data plan. If you’re coming close to the data cap or exceeding it, you will definitely want to keep reading.

检查过去数据使用率的最简单方法是登录到移动电话提供商的Web门户(或检查您的账单)，然后查看数据使用率。 如果您经常受到数据上限的限制，则不妨与您的提供商联系，看看是否可以切换到价格更便宜的数据计划。 如果您接近或超过数据上限，则肯定要继续阅读。

You can also check your current month’s usage right from Android. Navigate to Settings > Wireless & Networks > Data Usage. You’ll see a screen that looks something like the first screen here:

您还可以直接通过Android查看当月的使用情况。 导航到设置>无线和网络>数据使用情况。 您会看到一个类似于第一个屏幕的屏幕：

If you scroll down, you will see the cellular data usage by app, as seen in the second screenshot above. It’s important to note that these charts only show data sent through your cellular data connection and not your Wi-Fi connection. You might be a YouTube junkie, but if you do all your watching while connected to your home network, it won’t register here. If you want to see your Wi-Fi data usage as well, hit the menu button and select “Show Wi-Fi usage.”

如果向下滚动，您将看到按应用分类的蜂窝数据使用情况，如上面的第二个屏幕截图所示。 重要的是要注意，这些图表仅显示通过蜂窝数据连接发送的数据，而不显示通过Wi-Fi连接发送的数据。 您可能是YouTube迷，但是如果您在连接到家庭网络的同时进行所有观看，则不会在此处注册。 如果您还想查看Wi-Fi数据使用情况，请点击菜单按钮，然后选择“显示Wi-Fi使用情况”。

It’s worth mentioning that you will need to specify your billing cycle here for the most accurate look at your data usage. Since your data will reset on the first day of the new cycle, it doesn’t matter what you used the month before, so you don’t want that skewing the results.

值得一提的是，您需要在此处指定结算周期，才能最准确地了解数据使用情况。 由于您的数据将在新周期的第一天重置，因此前一个月使用什么都无关紧要，因此您不希望结果出现偏差。

In addition to monitoring, you can also set data warnings by adjusting the the slider bar  to your liking—when you reach the amount specified by the cut off limit, you’ll get a warning to let you know where you’re at.

除了监视之外，您还可以通过根据自己的喜好调整滑动条来设置数据警告-当达到截止限制所指定的数量时，您会收到一条警告，告知您所在的位置。

You can also enable the “Set mobile data limit” option, then use the orange slider to specify where you’d like data to be cut off completely. Once you’ve hit that limit, mobile data will be disabled on your phone until you turn it back on.

您还可以启用“设置移动数据限制”选项，然后使用橙色滑块指定要完全切断数据的位置。 达到该限制后，手机上的移动数据将被禁用，直到您将其重新打开。

如何保持数据使用检查 (How to Keep Your Data Use in Check)

There are two kinds of data sinks when it comes to mobile devices. First, there’s the obvious user-driven data consumption, or “foreground data”. When you watch a high-quality video or download a new album, you’re directly contributing to increasing your data usage for that month, assuming you’re on mobile data and not Wi-Fi.

对于移动设备，有两种数据接收器。 首先，存在明显的用户驱动的数据消耗，即“前景数据”。 观看高质量视频或下载新专辑时，假设您使用的是移动数据而不是Wi-Fi，则可以直接为增加该月的数据使用量做出贡献。

Obviously, to use less foreground data, you need to consciously stop downloading, streaming, and browsing so much.

显然，要使用较少的前台数据，您需要有意识地停止大量下载，流式传输和浏览。

Less obvious to most people, though, is the fairly large amount of behind-the-scenes data churning through your connection—the “background data”. Polling for Facebook updates, high-frequency email inbox checks, automatic application updates, and other background activities can put a real dent in your data allotment if you aren’t careful. Let’s take a look at how we can curtail some of this.

但是，对于大多数人来说，不太明显的是通过您的连接搅动的大量幕后数据，即“背景数据”。 如果不小心的话，对Facebook更新，高频电子邮件收件箱检查，自动应用程序更新和其他后台活动进行轮询可能会对您的数据分配产生实际影响。 让我们看一下如何减少其中的一些。

第一：查看哪些应用程序正在使用数据 (First: See Which Apps Are Using Data)

First, let’s investigate which apps are actually generating notable amounts of background data. Head back to Settings > Wireless & Networks > Data Usage to see your apps, in order of data usage. You can tap on individual applications to see a more detailed view.  Here we can see the foreground and background usage:

首先，让我们研究哪些应用程序实际上在生成大量背景数据。 返回设置>无线和网络>数据使用情况，以按数据使用顺序查看您的应用。 您可以点击各个应用程序以查看更详细的视图。 在这里我们可以看到前景和背景用法：

This will help immensely in the steps below. If you know which apps are using the most data, you know which apps to focus on fixing.

这将在以下步骤中提供极大帮助。 如果您知道哪些应用程序使用的数据最多，则知道哪些应用程序需要重点修复。

使用Android牛轧糖的“数据保护程序”(Android 7.0及更高版本) (Use Android Nougat’s “Data Saver” (Android 7.0+))

Android 7.0 Nougat introduced a much more granular way to take the reins on your mobile data with a new feature called Data Saver.

Android 7.0 Nougat引入了一种更细粒度的方法，即通过一项名为Data Saver的新功能来控制移动数据。

Basically, this allows you to limit background data used by apps, but whitelist anything that want to have unrestricted access. This means background data is disabled for every app by default, then you can pick and choose where to grant unlimited access.

基本上，这使您可以限制应用程序使用的背景数据，但是将任何希望不受限制地访问的内容列入白名单。 这意味着默认情况下每个应用程序都禁用后台数据，然后您可以选择在何处授予无限访问权限。

To get started, pull down the notification shade and tap the cog icon to jump into the Settings menu.

首先，请下拉通知栏，然后点击齿轮图标以跳到“设置”菜单。

Under the “Wireless & Networks” section, tap the “Data usage” entry.

在“无线和网络”部分下，点击“数据使用量”条目。

Just beneath the Cellular Usage section you’ll find the “Data Saver” option. This is where the fun starts.

在“蜂窝使用情况”部分的下方，您将找到“数据保护程序”选项。 这就是乐趣的开始。

The first thing you’ll need to do toggle this bad boy on using the little slider at the top. A new icon will show up in the status bar as well—to the left of the other data icons (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Cellular, etc.).

您需要做的第一件事就是使用顶部的小滑块切换这个坏男孩。 新图标也会显示在状态栏中-其他数据图标(蓝牙，Wi-Fi，蜂窝等)的左侧。

Keep in mind that once you turn this on, background data access will be restricted for all apps. To change that, tap the “Unrestricted data access” box.

请记住，一旦启用此功能，所有应用程序的后台数据访问都将受到限制。 要更改此设置，请点击“不受限制的数据访问”框。

This will bring up a list of all currently-installed applications on your phone. By toggling the respective app’s slider to “on,” you’re essentially allowing it to have unrestricted access to background. Thus, if you want things like Maps, Music, or Facebook to always be able to get the data they need, make sure to toggle those to “on.”

这将显示手机上所有当前安装的应用程序的列表。 通过将相应应用程序的滑块切换为“打开”，实际上就是在允许它不受限制地访问背景。 因此，如果您希望诸如Maps，Music或Facebook之类的东西始终能够获取所需的数据，请确保将其切换为“ on”。

And that’s all there is to it. It’s worth keeping in mind that this only applies to mobile data—all apps will remain unrestricted while on Wi-Fi.

这就是全部。 值得注意的是，这仅适用于移动数据-使用Wi-Fi时，所有应用都将不受限制。

使用Google的Datally App(Android 5.0及更高版本) (Use Google’s Datally App (Android 5.0+))

If you don’t have Android Nougat, you have a few other options.

如果您没有Android Nougat，则还有其他一些选择。

Google recently released a new app called Datally designed to track data usage, block it on an app-by-app basis, and even help you find free public Wi-Fi.

Google最近发布了一个名为Datally的新应用程序，旨在跟踪数据使用情况，逐个应用程序阻止它，甚至帮助您找到免费的公共Wi-Fi。

Update: Google discontinued its Datally app in 2019.

更新：谷歌在2019年停止了其Datally应用程序。

When you first open the app, it’ll ask you for a bunch of permissions, ask you to allow usage access, and ask if you want to send Google your app data and SMS’s to improve Datally. You’ll need to grant the first two permissions, but you can skip the third if you want.

首次打开该应用程序时，它会询问您一系列权限，要求您允许使用情况访问，并询问是否要将Google的应用程序数据和SMS发送给Google以改善Datally。 您需要授予前两个权限，但是如果需要，可以跳过第三个权限。

Datally’s home screen shows you how much mobile data you’ve used today, and which apps are using the most. You can tap “Find Wi-Fi” to find free Wi-Fi networks near you, which is pretty handy.

Datally的主屏幕显示了您今天使用了多少移动数据以及使用最多的应用程序。 您可以点击“查找Wi-Fi”以找到您附近的免费Wi-Fi网络，这非常方便。

Swipe the “Set Up Data Saver” switch to start using Datally. It will ask you to allow Google’s VPN—this is required for Datally to work, as it’s how Datally keeps track of your data usage and blocks it on the fly. (We’re not positive why Datally requires a VPN to do this when Android’s built-in settings do not, but we expect it’s because Datally is a separate app, not integrated into the operating system itself. This would also leave open the possibility of iOS support, if Google wanted to go that route.)

滑动“设置数据保护程序”开关以开始使用Datally。 它将要求您允许Google的VPN-这是Datally正常工作所必需的，因为Datally会跟踪您的数据使用情况并实时阻止它。 (我们不太肯定为什么当Android的内置设置不需要时，Datally要求VPN才能执行此操作，但是我们希望这是因为Datally是一个单独的应用程序，没有集成到操作系统本身。这也为iOS支持，如果Google愿意这样做的话。)

Once you allow that, you’ll see a persistent notification showing that Datally’s Data Saver is on, and it’s blocking background traffic for most of your apps.

一旦允许，您将看到一个持久性通知，显示Datally的Data Saver已打开，并且它阻止了大多数应用程序的后台流量。

Here’s where Datally starts to get useful. When you open an app, a small bubble will show up on the side of your screen. Datally will allow data usage for that app while you use it, and show you how much you’re using in real time. When you exit the app, it will begin blocking data again. (Though you can tap on the bubble at any time to block data while you use it, too.)

这就是Datally开始变得有用的地方。 打开应用程序时，屏幕侧面会出现一个小气泡。 Datally将允许您在使用该应用程序时使用该数据，并实时显示使用量。 当您退出该应用程序时，它将再次开始阻止数据。 (尽管您也可以随时点击气泡来阻止数据，但同时使用它。)

Note that, due to the way Datally works, you won’t be able to use other apps with Accessibility Services or VPNs while using Datally in this way.

请注意，由于Datally的工作方式，当您以这种方式使用Datally时，将无法将其他应用程序与Accessibility Services或VPN一起使用。

You can also choose which apps to block and unblock from Datally’s “Manage Data” page.

您还可以从Datally的“管理数据”页面中选择要阻止和取消阻止的应用程序。

Overall, Datally is a slightly more advanced version of Nougat’s Data Saver in the form of a separate app, which is good if you want to keep a constant eye on how much data certain apps are using. For most people, Nougat’s built-in settings are probably fine, but Datally is another good option (especially if your phone doesn’t have Nougat).

总体而言，Datally是Nougat的Data Saver的高级版本，其形式为单独的应用程序，如果您希望始终关注某些应用程序正在使用的数据量，则这非常有用。 对于大多数人来说，牛轧糖的内置设置可能还不错，但是Datally是另一个不错的选择(尤其是在您的手机没有牛轧糖的情况下)。

限制背景数据，按应用 (Limit Background Data, App by App)

If you’d rather not use another app to perform these tasks, you can do a lot of manual settings tweaking yourself to reduce data.

如果您不想使用其他应用程序执行这些任务，则可以进行很多手动设置，以进行调整以减少数据量。

To start, go back to your home screen and open one of the apps that’s using too much data. See if it has any settings designed to restrict data usage. Rather than use Android to restrict Facebook’s data use, for example, you can jump into the Facebook app and turn down the frequency of push notifications or turn them off altogether. Not only does turning off notifications and constant polling cut down on your data use but it’s great for extending your battery life.

首先，请返回主屏幕并打开一个使用过多数据的应用程序。 查看它是否具有旨在限制数据使用量的任何设置。 例如，您可以跳入Facebook应用并降低推送通知的频率或完全将其关闭，而不必使用Android来限制Facebook的数据使用。 关闭通知和持续轮询可以减少数据使用量，而且对于延长电池寿命非常有用。

Not every app will have these kind of settings, however–or have as fine-tooth control as you wish. So, there’s another option.

但是，并非每个应用程序都会具有这些设置，或者具有您希望的细齿控制。 因此，还有另一种选择。

Head back to Settings > Wireless & Networks > Data Usage and tap on an app. Check the box labeled “Restrict Background Data” (in Nougat, this is just a switch called “Background Data”, which you’ll want to turn off instead of on). This will limit its data usage from the operating system level. Note that this only applies to a mobile data connection–if you’re on Wi-Fi, Android will allow the app to use background data normally.

返回“设置”>“无线和网络”>“数据使用情况”，然后点击一个应用程序。 选中标有“限制背景数据”的框(在牛轧糖中，这只是一个名为“背景数据”的开关，您需要关闭而不是打开)。 这将从操作系统级别限制其数据使用。 请注意，这仅适用于移动数据连接-如果您使用的是Wi-Fi，则Android将允许该应用正常使用背景数据。

关闭所有背景数据 (Turn Off All Background Data)

If that isn’t enough, you can also turn off all background data with the flip of one switch—this reduces your data usage in most instances, but it can also be inconvenient as it doesn’t differentiate between data sippers and data hogs. From the Data Usage menu you can press the menu button and check “Restrict Background Data”. This will turn off background data for all applications.

如果这还不够，您还可以通过轻按一下开关来关闭所有背景数据，这可以减少大多数情况下的数据使用量，但是由于它不能区分数据使用者和数据使用者，因此也很不方便。 在数据使用菜单中，您可以按菜单按钮并选中“限制背景数据”。 这将关闭所有应用程序的后台数据。

关闭后台应用程序更新 (Turn Off Background App Updates)

Google realizes how precious your mobile data is, so app updates–which could arguably use up more of your data than anything else–will only happen automatically when you’re on Wi-Fi, at least by default. To make sure this is the case (and that you didn’t change it somewher down the line), head into the Play Store and open the menu. Jump into Settings, then make sure “Auto-update apps” is set to “Auto-update over Wi-Fi only.”

Google意识到您的移动数据非常宝贵，因此应用更新-可以说消耗的数据可能比其他任何东西都要多-只会在您使用Wi-Fi时自动发生，至少默认情况下会自动发生。 为确保确实如此(您未在行中进行任何更改)，请进入Play商店并打开菜单。 跳到“设置”，然后确保将“自动更新应用程序”设置为“仅通过Wi-Fi自动更新”。

A quick note before we continue: as we talk about restricting background data usage, we want to make it very clear that these restrictions only apply to your mobile data usage; even if you heavily restrict an application it will still function normally when you are on Wi-Fi.

在继续之前有个简短的说明：在谈论限制后台数据使用时，我们要非常清楚地表明这些限制仅适用于您的移动数据使用； 即使您严格限制了应用程序，当您使用Wi-Fi时，它仍然可以正常运行。

购买您喜欢的应用程序(删除广告) (Purchase Your Favorite Apps (to Remove Ads))

Often, apps well offer a free version with ads, and a paid version that is ad-free. Developers need to eat so you can pay them with ad revenue or cold hard cash. Here’s the thing: ads aren’t just annoying, but they use up data too. These upgrades can cost anywhere from $0.99 to a few bucks, and are easily well worth the cash if you use the app often.

应用程序通常会提供带有广告的免费版本和没有广告的付费版本。 开发人员需要吃饭，以便您可以用广告收入或冷现金支付给他们。 事情是这样的：广告不仅令人讨厌，而且还会消耗数据。 这些升级的费用从0.99美元到几美元不等，如果您经常使用该应用程序，这无疑是物有所值的。

使用Chrome的数据保护程序 (Use Chrome’s Data Saver)

If you surf the web a lot on your phone, Google Chrome’s “Data Saver” mode can make it less of a blow to your data cap. Basically, it routes all of your traffic through a proxy run by Google that compresses the data before sending it your phone. Basically, this not only results in lower data usage, but also makes pages load faster. It’s a win-win.

如果您经常在手机上上网，那么Google Chrome的“数据保护程序”模式可以减少对数据上限的打击。 基本上，它会通过Google运行的代理路由您的所有流量，该代理会在将数据发送给您的手机之前先对其进行压缩。 基本上，这不仅导致较低的数据使用量，而且使页面加载速度更快。 这是双赢。

You were likely asked to enable Data Saver the first time you loaded Chrome, but if you decided not to do it at the time, you can enable it after the fact by opening Chrome, jumping into Settings > Data Saver, and sliding the toggle to “On”.

您可能会在首次加载Chrome时被要求启用Data Saver，但是如果您当时决定不启用Data Saver，则可以在事后启用它，方法是打开Chrome，跳到“设置”>“ Data Saver”，然后将切换到“上”。

缓存Google Maps数据 (Cache Google Maps Data)

The best way to avoid sucking down huge chunks of data while you’re out and about (and dependent on cellular data) is to cache it ahead of time when you’re basking in the glory of a wide open Wi-Fi connection.

避免在外出旅行时(并依赖于蜂窝数据)吸收大量数据的最佳方法是，当您沉浸在开放式Wi-Fi连接的荣耀中时，将其提前缓存。

If you’re using Google Maps for daily navigation or trip planning, you’re sucking down a lot of data. Rather than use the live updating version, you can pre-cache your route (and save a ton of mobile data usage in the process). Next time you’re planning on doing some heavy Maps use, open up Maps when you’re on Wi-Fi, open the menu, and select “Offline areas.” From there, you can either tap “Home” to download maps near your house, or tap “Custom Area” to download maps for any other areas you’re going to be travelling to soon.

如果您使用Google Maps进行日常导航或旅行计划，则会吸取大量数据。 无需使用实时更新版本，您可以预先缓存您的路线(并在此过程中节省大量移动数据使用量)。 下次您打算使用大量地图时，请在使用Wi-Fi时打开地图，打开菜单，然后选择“离线区域”。 在此处，您可以点击“主页”以下载房屋附近的地图，或者点击“自定义区域”以下载即将要旅行的任何其他区域的地图。

在离线模式下使用流媒体应用 (Use Streaming Apps with Offline Modes)

Many streaming service apps are adding offline modes—modes that allow users to pre-cache data while on Wi-Fi to use when on their cellular data connections. Rdio, Rhapsody, Slacker Radio, and Spotify all have offline modes to help users avoid hitting their data caps.

许多流服务应用程序都添加了离线模式，这些模式允许用户在使用Wi-Fi时预先缓存数据，以便在进行蜂窝数据连接时使用。 Rdio，Rhapsody，Slacker Radio和Spotify均具有脱机模式，以帮助用户避免达到其数据上限。

数据缓存是您的朋友 (Data Caching Is Your Friend)

There are a lot of other areas you can cache data, too. Always be thinking about how you can offload your data usage to Wi-Fi before you’re out and about.

您还可以在许多其他区域中缓存数据。 出门在外之前，请务必考虑如何将数据使用量转移到Wi-Fi。

For example, we know this is so 2003, but there’s something to be said for downloading your music, podcasts, ebooks and other media to your device from the comfort of your home (and Wi-Fi connection).

例如，我们知道2003年是这样，但是要从家中(和Wi-Fi连接)舒适地下载音乐，播客，电子书和其他媒体到设备上，要说些什么。

In addition, don’t use task killers. At this point you shouldn’t be using a task killer in the first place, but if you are, stop now. Not only are they of dubious usefulness (and we strongly recommend against using them), but most task killers will also dump the cache files of applications they are busily killing off—which means when you go to use the app again you’ll need to download the data all over.

此外，请勿使用任务杀手。 在这一点上，您不应该首先使用任务杀手，但是如果您是，请立即停止。 它们不仅有用(我们强烈建议不要使用它们)，而且大多数任务杀手还将转储正在忙于杀死它们的应用程序的缓存文件，这意味着当您再次使用该应用程序时，您需要全部下载数据。

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You can apply a few of our suggestions or all of them depending on your needs and how much you need to curtail your data usage—either way, with a little careful management it’s possible to go from skirting your data-cap every month to saving money by switching to a smaller plan with very little effort.

您可以根据需要以及减少数据使用量的多少来应用我们的一些建议或全部建议。无论哪种方式，只要稍加谨慎的管理，就可以从每月减少数据容量到节省资金只需很少的努力就可以切换到较小的计划。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/140261/how-to-minimize-your-android-data-usage-and-avoid-overage-charges/

android线上内存监控