计算机网络基础常见名词缩写汇总

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ACK(ACKnowledgement) 确认ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line）非对称数字用户线AES(Advanced Encryption Standard）先进的加密标准AF PHB(Assured Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior)确保转发每跳行为（也可记为AF)AH (Authentication Header)鉴别首部AIMD (Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease)加法增大乘法减小AN(Access Network)接入网AP(Access Point)）接入点AP(Application)应用程序API(Application Programming Interface)应用编程接口APNIC (Asia Pacific Network Information Center）亚太网络信息中心ARP(Address Resolution Protocol)地址解析协议ARQ(Automatic Repeat reQuest）自动重传请求AS(Autonomous System)自治系统AS(Authentication Server)鉴别服务器ASN(Autonomous System Number）自治系统号ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode)异步传递方式ATU-C(Access Termination Unit Central Office）端局接入端接单元ATU (Access Termination Unit）接入端接单元ATU-R(Access Termination Unit Remote）远端接入端接单元AVTWG(Audio/Video Transport Working Group）音频视频运输工作组AWT(Abstract Window Toolkit)抽象窗口工具箱BER(Bit Error Rate)误码率BER(Basic Encoding Rule）基本编码规则BGP(Border Gateway Protocol)边界网关协议BOOTP(BOOTstrap Protocol)引导程序协议BSA(Basic Service Area）基本服务区BSC (Base Station Controller）基站控制器BSS (Basic Service Set）基本服务集BT(BitTorrent)一种P2P应用程序CA(Certification Authority)认证中心CCIR(Consultative Committee,International Radio)国际无线电咨询委员会CDM(Code Division Multiplexing)）码分复用CDMA(Code Division Multiplex Access）码分多址CGI(Common Gateway Interface)通用网关接口CNNIC(China Network Information Center)中国互联网络信息中心CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check）循环冗余检验CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection)，载波监听多点接入/冲突检测CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access /Collision Avoidance)，载波监听多点接入/冲突避免CSRC(Contributing SouRCe identifier)参与源标识符Css(Cascading Style Sheets）层叠样式表CTS (Clear To Send)允许发送DACS(Digital Access and Cross-connect System）数字交接系统DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service)分布式拒绝服务DES (Data Encryption Standard）数据加密标准DF(Don't Fragment)不能分片DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)动态主机配置协议DiffServ(Differentiated Services)区分服务DIFS(Distributed Coordination Function IFS)分布协调功能帧间间隔DLCI(Data Link Connection Identifier)）数据链路连接标识符DMT (Discrete Multi-Tone）离散多音（调制）DNS (Domain Name System)域名系统DOCSIS(Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications）电缆数据服务接口规约DoS (Denial of Service)拒绝服务DS (Distribution System)分配系统DSCP (Differentiated Services CodePoint)区分服务码点DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)数字用户线DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer)数字用户线接入复用器DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)直接序列扩频DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol)距离向量多播路由选择协议DWDM (Dense WDM)密集波分复用EBCDIC (Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code)扩充的二/十进制交换码EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)掺铒光纤放大器EDGE (Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution)增强型数据速率GSM演进EFM (Ethermnet in the First Mile)第- -英里的以太网EGP (Extermal Gateway Protocol)外部网关协议EOT (End Of Transmission)传输结束EPON (Ethernet PON)以太网无源光网络ESMTP (Extended SMTP)扩充的简单邮件传送协议ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload)封装安全有效载荷ESS (Extended Service Set)扩展的服务集EUI (Extended Unique Identifer)扩展的唯- - 标识符FC (Fiber Channel)光纤通道FCS (Frame Check Sequence)帧检验序列FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface)光纤分布式数据接口FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing)频分复用FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum)跳频扩频FIFO (First In First Out)先进先出FQ (Fair Queuing)公平排队FTP (File Transfer Protocol)文件传送协议FTTB (Fiber To The Building)光纤到大楼FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)光纤到路边FTTD (Fiber To The Door)光纤到门户FTTF (Fiber To The Floor)光纤到楼层FTTH (Fiber To The Home)光纤到家FTTN (Fiber To The Neighbor)光纤到邻区FTTO (Fiber To The Office)光纤到办公室FTTZ (Fiber To The Zone)光纤到小区GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node)网关GPRS支持结点GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)图形交换格式GMSK (Gaussian filtered Minimum Shift Keying)高斯滤波最小移频键控GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)通用分组无线服务GSM (Global System for Mobile)全球移动通信系统，GSM体制HDLC (High-level Data Link Control)高级数据链路控制HDSL (High speed DSL)高速数字用户线HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coax)光纤同轴混合(网)HIPPI (HIgh-Performance Parallel Interface)高性能并行接口HLR (Home Location Register)归属位置寄存器HR-DSS (High Rate Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)高速直接序列扩频HTML (HyperText Markup Language)超文本标记语言HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)超文本传送协议IAB (Internet Architecture Board)互联网体系结构委员会ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)网际控制报文协议IDEA (International Data Encryption Algorithm)国际数据加密算法IDS (Intrusion Detection System)入侵检测系统IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering) (美国) 电气和电子工程师学会IESG (Internet Engineering Steering Group)互联网工程指导小组IFS (InterFrame Space)帧间间隔I/G (Individual/Group)单个站/组地址(位)IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)网际组管理协议IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol)内部网关协议IKE (Internet Key Exchange)互联网密钥交换IM (Instant Messaging)即时传信IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)网际报文存取协议IND (Inverse-Neighbor-Discovery)反向邻站发现IntServ (Integrated Services)综合服务IP (Internet Protocol)网际协议IPCP (IP Control Protocol) IP控制协议IPng (IP Next Generation)下一 -代的IPIPRA (nternet Policy Registration Authority)互联网政策登记管理机构IPsec (IP security) IP安全协议IPX (Internet Packet Exchange) Novell公司的一种连网协议IR (Infra Red)红外技术IRTF (Internet Research Task Force)互联网研究部ISAKMP (Intermet Secure Association and Key Management Mechanism)互联网安全关联和密钥管理协议ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)综合业务数字网ITU (Intermational Telecommunication Union)国际电信联盟JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group)联合图像专家组JVM (Java Virtual Machine) Java虚拟机KDC (Key Distribution Center)密钥分配中心LAN (Local Area Network)局域网LCP (Link Control Protocol)链路控制协议LDP (Label Distribution Protocol)标记分配协议LED (Light Emitting Diode)发光二极管LMDS (Local Multipoint Ditribution System)本地多点分配系统LlC (Logical Link Control)逻辑链路控制LoS (Line of Sight)视距LPC (linear Prediction Coding)线性预测编码LSP (Label Switched Path)标记交换路径LSR (Label Switching Router)标记交换路由器LTE (Long-Termn Evolution)长期演进MAC (Medium Access Control)媒体接入控制MAC (Message Authentication Code)报文鉴别码MACA (Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)具有碰撞避免的多点接入MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)城域网MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks)移动自组网络的工作组MBONE (Multicast Backbone On the InterNEt)多播主干网MD (Message Digest)报文摘要MCU (Multipoint Control Unit)多点控制单元MFTP (Multisource File Transfer Protocol)多源文件传输协议MIB (Management Information Base)管理信息库MIME (Mulipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)通用互联网邮件扩充MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output)多入多出MIPS (Million Instructions Per Second)百万指令每秒MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group)活动图像专家组MPLS (MultiProtocol Label Switching)多协议标记交换MRU (Maximum Receive Unit)最大接收单元MSC (Mobile Switching Center)移动交换中心MSRN (Mobile Station Roaming Number)移动站漫游号码MSS (Maximum Segment Size)最长报文段MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit)最大传送单元NAP (Network Access Point)网络接入点NAT (Network Address Translation)网络地址转换NAV (Network Allocation Vector)网络分配向量NCP (Network Control Protocol)网络控制协议NFS (Network File System)网络文件系统NIC (Network Interface Card)网络接口卡、网卡NOC Network Operations Center)网络运行中心NVT (Network Virtual Terminal)网络虚拟终端OC (Optical Carrier)光载波ODN (Optical Distribution Network)光配线网ODN (Optical Distribution Node)光分配结点OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Mutiplexing)正交频分复用OLT (Optical Line Terminal)光线路终端ONU (Optical Network Unit)光网络单元P2P (Peer-to-Peer)对等方式PAN.(Personal Area Network)个人区域网PAP (Password Authentication Protocol)口令鉴别协议PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)脉码调制PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card Interface Adapter)个人计算机存储器卡接口适配器PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)个人数字助理PDF (Portable Document Forment)轻便文档格式PDU (Protocol Data Unit)协议数据单元PEM (Privacy Enhanced Mai)互联网的正式邮件加密标准PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) - -种电子邮件加密技术PHB (Per-Hop Behavior)每跳行为PIM-DM (Protocol Independent Muticast-Dense Mode)协议无关多播-密集方式PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode)协议无关多播-稀疏方式PK (public key)公钥，公开密钥PKI (Public Key Infrastructure)公钥基础结构PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network)公共陆地移动网络PON (Passive Optical Network)无源光网络PoP (Point of Presence)汇接点POP (Post Office Protocol)邮局协议POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service)传统电话PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol)点对点协议PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet)以太网上的点对点协议PS (POTS Splitter)电话分离器PTE (Path Terminating Element)路径端接设备QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation)正交幅度调制QoS (Quality of Service)服务质量QPSK (Quarternary Phase Shift Keying或Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)正交相移键控RA (Registration Authority)注册管理机构RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)逆地址解析协议RAS (Registration/Admission/Status)登记/接纳/状态RIP (Routing Information Protocol)路由信息协议RPB (Reverse Path Broadcasting)反向路径广播RTCP (Real-time Transfer Control Protocol)实时传送控制协议RTP (Real-ime Transport Protocol)实时运输协议RTS (Request To Send)请求发送SACK (Selective ACK)选择确认SAP (Service Access Point)服务访问点SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol)流控制传输协议SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)同步数字系列SDSL (Single-line DSL) 1对线的数字用户线SDU (Service Data Unit)服务数据单元SIFS (Short IFS)短帧间间隔SK (Secret Key)秘钥SMI (Structure of Management Information)管理信息结构SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)简单邮件传送协议SNA (System Network Architecture)系统网络体系结构SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)简单网络管理协议SONET (Synchronous Optical Network)同步光纤网SPD (Security Policy Database)安全策略数据库SRA (Seamless Rate Adaptation)无缝速率自适应技术SSRC (Synchronous SouRCe identifer)同步源标识符STDM (Statistic TDM)统计时分复用STM (Synchronous Transfer Module)同步传递模块STP (Shielded Twisted Pair)屏蔽双绞线STS (Synchronous Transport Signal)同步传送信号TAG (TAG Switching)标记交换TCB (Transmission Control Block)传输控制程序块TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)传输控制协议TDM (Time Division Multiplexing)时分复用TD-SCDMA (Time Division-Synchronous CDMA)时分同步的码分多址TELNET (TELetype NETwork)电传机网络，-一种互联网的应用程序TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)简单文件传送协议TLA (Top-Level Aggregation)顶级聚合TLD (Top Level Domain)顶级域名TLI (Transport Layer Interface)运输层接口TLS (Transport Layer Security)运输层安全协议TPDU (Transport Protocol Data Unit)运输协议数据单元UAS (User Agent Server)用户代理服务器URL (Uniform Resource Locator)统一资源定位符UIB (User Interface Box)用户接口盒UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair)无屏蔽双绞线UWB (UItra-Wide Band)超宽带VC (Virtual Circuit)虚电路VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier)虛通路标识符VDSL (Very high speed DSL)甚高速数字用户线VLAN (Virtual LAN)虚拟局域网VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask)变长子网掩码VPI (Virtual Path Identifier)虚通道标识符VPN (Virtual Private Network)虚拟专用网WaN (Wide Area Network)广域网VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal)甚小孔径地球站WCDMA (Wideband CDMA)宽带码分多址WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)波分复用.WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network）无线局域网WMAN(Wireless Metropolitan Area Network)无线城域网WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access）无线局域网受保护的接入WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network)无线个人区域网WSN(Wireless Sensor Network)无线传感器网络ＷＷＷ (World Wide Web）万维网W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)万维网联盟XHTML (Extensible HTML)可扩展超文本标记语言XML(Extensible Markup Language)可扩展标记语言

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