实例简述Spring AOP之对AspectJ语法的支持

Spring的AOP可以通过对@AspectJ注解的支持和在XML中配置来实现,本文通过实例简述如何在Spring中使用AspectJ.
一:使用AspectJ注解:
1,启用对AspectJ的支持:
通过在Spring的配置中引入下列元素来启用Spring对AspectJ的支持：
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
或者(如果不是使用XSD的话)
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.aspectj.annotation.AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator" />
2,声明一个带有@Aspect注解的类,在这个类中声明那些方法需要被'关注'(利用@Pointcut),在那些时机点进行关注(利用@Before,@AfterReturning等等...),执行'切入'的方法
3,在Spring的配置文件中定义这个'切面'类:任意带有一个@Aspect切面（拥有@Aspect注解）的bean都将被Spring自动识别并用于配置在Spring AOP.
4,使用被Spring管理的bean,在执行被'关注'的方法时,'切入'的方法就会被执行.
一个完整的例子:
需要被'切入'的类:

[java] view plaincopy

public class Monkey {
public void stealPeaches(String name) {
System.out.println(" Monkey " + name + " is stealling peaches...");
}
public void stealCorns(String name) {
System.out.println(" Monkey " + name + " is stealling corns...");
}
}

'切面'类:

[java] view plaincopy

@Aspect
public class Guardian {
@Pointcut("execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealPeaches(..))")
public void guardOrchard() {
}
@Before(value = "guardOrchard()")
public void guardOrchardBefore() {
System.out.println("Guardian spotted a monkey is approaching the orchard...");
}
@AfterReturning("guardOrchard() && args(name,..)")
public void guardOrchardAfter(String name) {
System.out.println("Guardian caught a monkey stealling peaches whoes name is " + name + "...");
}
@Around("guardOrchard() && args(name,..)")
public void guardOrchardAround(ProceedingJoinPoint joinpoint,String name) {
System.out.println("Guardian guardOrchardAround started ... " + name);
try {
joinpoint.proceed();
} catch (Throwable e) {
System.out.println("Guardian guardOrchardAround exception happened ... " + name);
}
System.out.println("Guardian guardOrchardAround completed ... " + name);
}
@Pointcut("execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealCorns(..))")
public void guardFarm() {
}
@Before(value = "guardFarm()")
public void guardFarmBefore() {
System.out.println("Guardian spotted a monkey is approaching the farm...");
}
@AfterReturning("guardFarm() && args(name,..)")
public void guardFarmAfter(String name) {
System.out.println("Guardian caught a monkey stealling corns whoes name is " + name + "...");
}
}

配置文件:

[html] view plaincopy

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<!--
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy /> equals to <bean
class="org.springframework.aop.aspectj.annotation.AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator"
/>
-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
<bean id="guardian" class="com.test.spring.aspectj.Guardian" />
<bean id="monkey" class="com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey" />
</beans>

使用bean:

[java] view plaincopy

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/aspectJAppcontext.xml");
Monkey monkey = (Monkey) context.getBean("monkey");
try {
monkey.stealPeaches("mighty monkey");
monkey.stealCorns("mighty monkey");
} catch (Exception e) {
}

运行结果:

[plain] view plaincopy

Guardian spotted a monkey is approaching the orchard...
Guardian guardOrchardAround started ... mighty monkey
Monkey mighty monkey is stealling peaches...
Guardian caught a monkey stealling peaches whoes name is mighty monkey...
Guardian guardOrchardAround completed ... mighty monkey
Guardian spotted a monkey is approaching the farm...
Monkey mighty monkey is stealling corns...
Guardian caught a monkey stealling corns whoes name is mighty monkey...

二:通过XML配置AspectJ实现AOP:在java类中定义要被'方面'调用的切入方法,在XML中配置.
例子:被'切入'的类,普通java类:

[java] view plaincopy

public class Monkey {
public void stealPeaches(String name) {
System.out.println(" Monkey " + name + " is stealling peaches...");
}
public void stealCorns(String name,int numberToSteal) {
System.out.println(" Monkey " + name + " is stealling corns...");
}
}

定义要被'方面'调用的切入方法的类:

[java] view plaincopy

public class XMLGuardian {
public void guardOrchardBefore() {
System.out.println("XMLGuardian spotted a monkey is approaching the orchard...");
}
public void guardOrchardAfter() {
System.out.println("XMLGuardian caught a monkey stealling peaches whoes name is ...");
}
public void guardFarmBefore() {
System.out.println("XMLGuardian spotted a monkey is approaching the farm...");
}
public void guardFarmAfter(String name,int num,Object retVal) {
System.out.println("XMLGuardian caught a monkey stealling " + num + " corns whoes name is ..." + name );
}
}

XML配置:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="guardian" class="com.test.spring.aspectj.XMLGuardian" />
<bean id="monkey" class="com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey" />
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="guardian">
<aop:pointcut id="guardOrchard"
expression="execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealPeaches(..))" />
<aop:before pointcut-ref="guardOrchard" method="guardOrchardBefore" />
<aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="guardOrchard" method="guardOrchardAfter"/>
<aop:pointcut id="guardFarm"
expression="execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealCorns(..))" />
<aop:before pointcut-ref="guardFarm" method="guardFarmBefore" />
<aop:after-returning pointcut="execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealCorns(..)) and args(name,num,..)" returning="retVal"
method="guardFarmAfter" />
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>

客户端测试代码:

[java] view plaincopy

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/xmlaspectJAppcontext.xml");
Monkey monkey = (Monkey) context.getBean("monkey");
try {
monkey.stealPeaches("mighty monkey");
monkey.stealCorns("mighty monkey",3);
} catch (Exception e) {
}

运行结果:

[plain] view plaincopy

XMLGuardian spotted a monkey is approaching the orchard...
Monkey mighty monkey is stealling peaches...
XMLGuardian caught a monkey stealling peaches whoes name is ...
XMLGuardian spotted a monkey is approaching the farm...
Monkey mighty monkey is stealling corns...
XMLGuardian caught a monkey stealling 3 corns whoes name is ...mighty monkey

Spring AOP 只支持对bean的方法级的'切入',而且AOP的内部机制和AspectJ有所区别,Spring主要是通过动态代理来实现AOP,使用JDK的动态代理(如果被代理的bean是interface的话)或者CGLIB(如果如果被代理的bean不是interface的话).

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实例简述Spring AOP之对AspectJ语法的支持

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