利用keepalived和haproxy配置mysql的高可用负载均衡
http://www.cnblogs.com/tae44/p/4717334.html
实验系统:CentOS 6.6_x86_64(2.6.32-504.30.3.el6.x86_64)
实验前提:防火墙和selinux都关闭
实验说明:本实验共有4台主机,IP分配如拓扑
实验软件:keepalived-1.2.19 haproxy-1.5.14 mariadb-10.0.20
下载地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bnnYiMr
实验拓扑:
一、安装mariadb
1.在两台数据库服务器安装:
tar xf mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/ ln -sv mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64 mysql useradd -r mysql mkdir -pv /mydata/data chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/ cd mysql/ chown -R root.mysql . scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/ cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on
2.配置主主复制:
19.74:
vim /etc/my.cnf -----------------------------------------------> [mysqld] server-id = 1 datadir = /mydata/data log-bin = /mydata/data/mysql1-bin binlog_format = ROW relay_log = /mydata/data/relay-log auto-increment-increment = 2 auto-increment-offset = 1 sync_binlog = 1 sync_master_info = 1 sync_relay_log = 1 sync_relay_log_info = 1
19.76:
vim /etc/my.cnf -----------------------------------------------> [mysqld] server-id = 2 datadir = /mydata/data log-bin = /mydata/data/mysql2-bin binlog_format = ROW relay_log = /mydata/data/relay-log auto-increment-increment = 2 auto-increment-offset = 2 sync_binlog = 1 sync_master_info = 1 sync_relay_log = 1 sync_relay_log_info = 1
3.创建具有复制权限的用户:
19.74:
service mysqld start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ------------------------------------------> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'master'@'192.168.19.76' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
19.76:
service mysqld start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ------------------------------------------> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'master'@'192.168.19.74' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
4.查看二进制位置:
19.74:
SHOW MASTER LOGS;
19.76上使用相同命令:
5.配置双主:
19.74:
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.19.76',MASTER_USER='master',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql2-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=1112; START SLAVE;
19.76:
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.19.74',MASTER_USER='master',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql1-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=1112; START SLAVE;
二、编译安装haproxy
1.在19.66和19.79上编译安装haproxy:
tar xf haproxy-1.5.14.tar.gz cd haproxy-1.5.14 make TARGET=linux2628 ARCH=x86_64 //根据自己主机设定 make install SBINDIR=/usr/sbin/ MANDIR=/usr/share/man/ DOCDIR=/usr/share/doc/
2.提供启动脚本:
vim /etc/init.d/haproxy ---------------------------------------------------> #!/bin/sh # # haproxy # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: HAProxy is a free, very fast and reliable solution \ # offering high availability, load balancing, and \ # proxying for TCP and HTTP-based applications # processname: haproxy # config: /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg # pidfile: /var/run/haproxy.pid# Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network# Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0exec="/usr/sbin/haproxy" prog=$(basename $exec)[ -e /etc/sysconfig/$prog ] && . /etc/sysconfig/$progcfgfile=/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg pidfile=/var/run/haproxy.pid lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/haproxycheck() {$exec -c -V -f $cfgfile $OPTIONS }start() {$exec -c -q -f $cfgfile $OPTIONSif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Errors in configuration file, check with $prog check."return 1fiecho -n $"Starting $prog: "# start it up here, usually something like "daemon $exec"daemon $exec -D -f $cfgfile -p $pidfile $OPTIONSretval=$?echo[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfilereturn $retval }stop() {echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "# stop it here, often "killproc $prog"killproc $progretval=$?echo[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfilereturn $retval }restart() {$exec -c -q -f $cfgfile $OPTIONSif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Errors in configuration file, check with $prog check."return 1fistopstart }reload() {$exec -c -q -f $cfgfile $OPTIONSif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Errors in configuration file, check with $prog check."return 1fiecho -n $"Reloading $prog: "$exec -D -f $cfgfile -p $pidfile $OPTIONS -sf $(cat $pidfile)retval=$?echoreturn $retval }force_reload() {restart }fdr_status() {status $prog }case "$1" instart|stop|restart|reload)$1;;force-reload)force_reload;;check)check;;status)fdr_status;;condrestart|try-restart)[ ! -f $lockfile ] || restart;;*)echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}"exit 2 esac<---------------------------------------------------chkconfig --add haproxychkconfig haproxy onchmod +x /etc/init.d/haproxy
3.提供配置文件:
mkdir /etc/haproxymkdir /var/lib/haproxyuseradd -r haproxy vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg ----------------------------------------------------------------------->globallog 127.0.0.1 local2chroot /var/lib/haproxypidfile /var/run/haproxy.pidmaxconn 4000user haproxygroup haproxydaemonstats socket /var/lib/haproxy/statsdefaultsmode tcp //haproxy运行模式log globaloption dontlognulloption redispatchretries 3timeout http-request 10stimeout queue 1mtimeout connect 10stimeout client 1mtimeout server 1mtimeout http-keep-alive 10stimeout check 10smaxconn 600 //最大连接数 listen stats //配置haproxy状态页 mode http bind :6677 //找一个比较特殊的端口 stats enable stats hide-version //隐藏haproxy版本号 stats uri /haproxyadmin?stats //一会用于打开状态页的uri stats realm Haproxy\ Statistics //输入账户密码时的提示文字 stats auth admin:admin //用户名:密码 stats admin if TRUE //开启状态页的管理功能 frontend main *:3306 //这里为了实验方便,使用3306端口default_backend mysql //后端服务器组名backend mysqlbalance leastconn //使用最少连接方式调度 server m1 192.168.19.74:3306 check port 3306 maxconn 300 server m2 192.168.19.76:3306 check port 3306 maxconn 300
4.启动日志:
vim /etc/rsyslog.conf -----------------------------------------------------> # Provides UDP syslog reception //去掉下面两行注释,开启UDP监听 $ModLoad imudp $UDPServerRun 514local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log //添加此行<-----------------------------------------------------service rsyslog restart
5.启动测试haproxy:
service haproxy startnetstat -tnlp
6.在19.74上创建远程登录账号:
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'jason'@'192.168.19.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
7.分别在19.66和19.79上登录mysql,若都能连接成功则继续往下:
yum -y install mysql //如果没有mysql客户端则运行此命令mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.66 //在19.66上登录mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.79 //在19.79上登录
三、安装keepalived
1.在19.66和19.79上编译安装keepalived:
tar xf keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz cd keepalived-1.2.19 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --sbindir=/usr/sbin/ --sysconfdir=/etc/ --mandir=/usr/local/share/man/ --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-504.30.3.el6.x86_64/ //内核版本换成自己主机的 make && make install chkconfig --add keepalived chkconfig keepalived on
2.在19.66上配置:
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ----------------------------------------------------->! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { //此段暂时略过,下同 notification_email { acassen@firewall.loc failover@firewall.loc sysadmin@firewall.loc } notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc smtp_server 192.168.200.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_DEVEL} vrrp_script chk_haproxy {script "/etc/keepalived/chk.sh" //检查haproxy的脚本interval 2 //每两秒检查一次 }vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUP //定义为BACKUP节点nopreempt //开启不抢占interface eth0virtual_router_id 51priority 100 //开启了不抢占,所以此处优先级必须高于另一台advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass abcd}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.19.150 //配置VIP} track_script { chk_haproxy //调用检查脚本 }notify_backup "/etc/init.d/haproxy restart"notify_fault "/etc/init.d/haproxy stop" }
3.在19.79上配置:
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ----------------------------------------------------->! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { notification_email { acassen@firewall.loc failover@firewall.loc sysadmin@firewall.loc } notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc smtp_server 192.168.200.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_DEVEL} vrrp_script chk_haproxy {script "/etc/keepalived/chk.sh"interval 2 }vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUPinterface eth0virtual_router_id 51priority 99advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass abcd}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.19.150} track_script { chk_haproxy }notify_backup "/etc/init.d/haproxy restart"notify_fault "/etc/init.d/haproxy stop" }
4.在两台机器上创建chk.sh文件:
vim /etc/keepalived/chk.sh ------------------------------------------------>#!/bin/bash#if [ $(ps -C haproxy --no-header | wc -l) -eq 0 ]; then /etc/init.d/keepalived stopfi<------------------------------------------------chmod +x /etc/keepalived/chk.sh
5.在19.66和19.79上进行测试:
service keepalived start
此处两台主机均配置为BACKUP,因此哪台先运行keepalived,VIP就在哪台上。我这里刚开始VIP运行在19.66上,然后进行连接测试:
mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.150------------------------------------------->CREATE DATABASE bokeyuan;
后端数据库服务器抓包:
停掉19.66的keepalived服务,让VIP转移到19.79上,再进行测试:
service keepalived stop //停掉19.66的keepalived服务mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.150------------------------------------------->SHOW DATABASES;
后端数据库服务器抓包:
6.在浏览器打开http://192.168.19.150:6677/haproxyadmin?stats,打开haproxy状态页:
在19.74上关闭mysql服务,可以看到haproxy对于后端服务器的检测是很迅速的:
service mysqld stop
7.额外说明:
继续之前的实验,将19.66上的keepalived服务再次启动,可以发现,VIP仍然在19.79上,这就是之前为什么要配置不抢占的原因。如果按照正常的配置,将19.66配置为MASTER,当它重启keepalived服务后,则一定会将VIP抢回。但实际上我们并不希望这样,因为19.79仍在正常工作,19.66没有理由去抢夺资源,造成没必要的资源切换。实验演示就到这里,谢谢大家!
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/hyl8218/p/7612512.html
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