创建 Array 对象

new Array();
new Array(size);
new Array(element0, element1, ..., elementn);
var arr = []; //字面量方式

经测试用字面量方式跟new Array()耗时差不多，使用习惯的差距吧~ new Array()能初始化长度~

属性

prototype 向对象添加属性和方法

function em(A,B)
{this.A = A;this.B = B;
}
var e = new em("AA","BB");
em.prototype.C = null;
e.C = 20000;
console.log(e.C); //20000
console.log(e); //em {A:"AA" , B:"BB" , C : 20000 }

constructor 返回对创建此对象的数组函数的引用

function employee(name,job)
{this.name = name;this.job = job;
}
var bill = new employee("Bill");
console.log(typeof bill.constructor); // function
console.log(bill.constructor); //function employee(name){this.name=name;this.job=job;}

方法

concat() 连接两个或更多的数组（返回被连接数组的副本）

var arr = [1, 2, 3];
var arr1 = [6, 7];
console.log(arr.concat(4, 5, arr1)); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]

join() 把数组的所有元素放入一个字符串，元素通过指定的分隔符分隔。

var arr = ['item 1', 'item 2', 'item 3'];
var list = '<ul><li>' + arr.join('</li><li>') + '</li></ul>'; //'<ul><li>item 1</li><li>item 2</li><li>item 3</li></ul>'

toString() 数组转换为字符串（与无参的 join()方法返回的串相同）

var arr = new Array(3)
arr[0] = "A"
arr[1] = "B"
arr[2] = "C"
console.log(arr.toString()); //"A,B,C"

pop() 删除数组的最后一个元素，数组长度减 1，并返回被删除的元素的值

若数组为空，则pop()返回undefined值

var arr = ["A", "B", "C"];
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "C"]
console.log(arr.pop()); //"C"
console.log(arr); //["A", "B"]

push() 向数组的末尾添加一个或更多元素，并返回新的长度

var arr = ["A", "B", "C"];
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "C"]
console.log(arr.push('D')); //4
console.log(arr); ["A", "B", "C" , "D"]

reverse() 颠倒数组中元素的顺序

var arr = ["A", "B", "C"];
arr.reverse();
console.log(arr);// ["C", "B", "A"]

slice(start,end) 从数组中返回选定的子数组

var arr = ["A", "B", "C"];
// 从第一个元素开始截取到数组结尾
console.log(arr.slice(1)); //["B", "C"]
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "C"]

splice() 删除元素，并向数组添加新元素
(直接对数组操作)

① 删除指定范围的数组元素：

var arr = new Array(6);arr[0] = "A"; arr[1] = "B";arr[2] = "C";arr[3] = "D";arr[4] = "E";arr[5] = "F";
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F"]
// 删除第三个元素以后的三个数组元素(包含第三个元素)
console.log(arr.splice(2, 3));  //["C", "D", "E"]
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "F"]

② 从指定下标开始插入指定元素(元素个数不限)：

    var arr = new Array(6);arr[0] = "A"; arr[1] = "B";arr[2] = "C";arr[3] = "D";arr[4] = "E";arr[5] = "F";
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F"]
console.log(arr.splice(2, 0, "AA","BB")); // []
console.log(arr);//["A", "B", "AA" , "BB" , "C", "D", "E", "F"]

③ 删除指定范围的数组元素，并用指定元素替换(元素个数不限)：

var arr = new Array(6);arr[0] = "A"; arr[1] = "B";arr[2] = "C";arr[3] = "D";arr[4] = "E";arr[5] = "F";
console.log(arr);//["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F"]
console.log(arr.splice(2, 1, "AA","BB")); // ["C"]
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "AA", "BB", "D", "E", "F"]

sort() 对数组的元素进行排序
对数组的引用

数组在原数组上进行排序，不生成副本。该方法默认是按照字符编码(ASCII)的顺序进行排序的

var arr = new Array(3);arr[0] = "D";arr[1] = "S";arr[2] = "A";
console.log(arr); //["D", "S", "A"]
console.log(arr.sort()); //["A", "D", "S"]

自行指定排序规则。如下：

var arr = new Array(6);arr[0] = 10;arr[1] = 5;arr[2] = 40;arr[3] = 25;arr[4] = 1000;arr[5] = 1;
console.log(arr); //[10, 5, 40, 25, 1000, 1]
//升序
console.log(arr.sort(function (a, b) {return a - b;}));// [1, 5, 10, 25, 40, 1000]

valueOf() 返回相应的原始值

var arr = new Array(2);arr[0] = 10arr[1] = 5
console.log(arr); //[10, 5]
console.log(typeof arr.valueOf()); //object
console.log(arr.valueOf()); //[10, 5]

shift() 删除并返回数组的第一个元素

var arr = ["A", "B", "C"];
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "C"]
console.log(arr.shift()); //A
console.log(arr); //["B", "C"]

unshift() 向数组的开头添加一个或更多元素，并返回新的长度

var arr = ["A", "B", "C"];
console.log(arr); //["A", "B", "C"]
console.log(arr.unshift("AA")); //4
console.log(arr);//["AA", "A", "B", "C"]

indexOf() 返回元素在数组中出现位置

额 之前一直以为只有string有这个方法... 补上补上

var arr = ['orange', '2016', undefined , null ,NaN];
console.log(arr.indexOf('orange')); //0
console.log(arr.indexOf('o')); //-1
console.log(arr.indexOf('2016'));  //1
console.log(arr.indexOf(2016));  //-1
console.log(arr.indexOf('undefined'));  //-1
console.log(arr.indexOf(null));  //3
console.log(arr.indexOf(NaN));  //-1

以上只是为了论证这里的indexOf使用的是严格匹配（===），不会像string的indexOf一样隐式转换成字符串进行匹配~