Win8上Service程序及外部App调用此Service

一.Service

借助MSDN上Win7 Service的Demo和《用VC++建立Service服务应用程序》，在Win8上经历各种磨难，终于跑起来自己改装的服务程序了。

原来API基本没变，我所困惑的是Win7上直接运行都没有问题，在Win8上不可以。

报错：

OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x00000005

原来是Win8上权限的问题，也许我自己的Win7一启动就拥有了Admin权限吧。

下面直接进入正题，我整合了一下代码，共三个文件：main.c，Service.h, Service.cpp。（项目是控制台程序。）

main.c只是程序的入口，运行时接受参数。

#pragma region "Includes"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include "Service.h"
#pragma endregionint wmain(int argc, wchar_t* argv[])
{if ((argc > 1) && ((*argv[1] == L'-' || (*argv[1] == L'/')))){if (_wcsicmp(L"install", argv[1] + 1) == 0){SvcInstall();}else if (_wcsicmp(L"remove", argv[1] + 1) == 0){SvcUninstall();}else if (_wcsicmp(L"query", argv[1] + 1) == 0){SvcQueryConfig();}else if(_wcsicmp(L"start",argv[1] + 1) == 0){SvcStart(); }else if(_wcsicmp(L"stop",argv[1] + 1) == 0){SvcStopNow(); }}else{_putws(L"Parameters:");_putws(L" -install    to install the service (require admin permission)");_putws(L" -remove     to remove the service (require admin permission)");_putws(L" -query      to query the configuration of the service");_putws(L" -start      to start the service");_putws(L" -stop       to stop the service");RunService();}return 0;
}

代码中已经写的很清楚了，我的项目名称为Win8Service，只要运行Win8Service.exe -install，服务就会被安装。

注意：cmd必须要用admin启动。win8下做法：WIN+Q键，打开Search panel，输入cmd，右击Command Prompt，选择Run as administrator。

下面看看这几个函数的实现：

Service.h

#pragma once// Internal name of the service
#define SERVICE_NAME             L"CppWin8Service"// Displayed name of the service
#define SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME     L"CppWin8Service Demo"// List of service dependencies - "dep1\0dep2\0\0"
#define SERVICE_DEPENDENCIES     L""// The name of the account under which the service should run
#define SERVICE_ACCOUNT          L"NT AUTHORITY\\LocalService"// The password to the service account name
#define SERVICE_PASSWORD         NULLVOID RunService();
VOID SvcInstall();
VOID SvcUninstall();
VOID SvcQueryConfig();
BOOL SvcStart();
VOID SvcStopNow();

Service.cpp

#pragma region "Includes"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include "Service.h"
#pragma endregionSERVICE_STATUS          g_ssSvcStatus;         // Current service status
SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE   g_sshSvcStatusHandle;  // Current service status handle
HANDLE                  g_hSvcStopEvent;VOID WINAPI SvcMain(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR* lpszArgv);
VOID WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler(DWORD dwCtrl);
VOID SvcInit(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR* lpszArgv);
VOID SvcStop();
VOID SvcReportStatus(DWORD dwCurrentState, DWORD dwWin32ExitCode, DWORD dwWaitHint);
VOID SvcReportEvent(LPWSTR lpszFunction, DWORD dwErr = 0);VOID RunService()
{// You can add any additional services for the process to this table.SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY dispatchTable[] = {{ SERVICE_NAME, (LPSERVICE_MAIN_FUNCTION)SvcMain }, { NULL, NULL }};// This call returns when the service has stopped.// The process should simply terminate when the call returns.if (!StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(dispatchTable)){SvcReportEvent(L"StartServiceCtrlDispatcher", GetLastError());}
}VOID WINAPI SvcMain(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR* lpszArgv)
{SvcReportEvent(L"Enter SvcMain");// Register the handler function for the serviceg_sshSvcStatusHandle = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(SERVICE_NAME, SvcCtrlHandler);if (!g_sshSvcStatusHandle){SvcReportEvent(L"RegisterServiceCtrlHandler", GetLastError());return; } // These SERVICE_STATUS members remain as set hereg_ssSvcStatus.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS; g_ssSvcStatus.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;// Report initial status to the SCMSvcReportStatus(SERVICE_START_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 3000);// Perform service-specific initialization and work.SvcInit(dwArgc, lpszArgv);
}VOID WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler(DWORD dwCtrl)
{// Handle the requested control code.switch(dwCtrl) {  case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP: // Stop the service// SERVICE_STOP_PENDING should be reported before setting the Stop // Event - g_hSvcStopEvent - in SvcStop(). This avoids a race // condition which may result in a 1053 - The Service did not // respond... error.SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 0);SvcStop();SvcReportStatus(g_ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState, NO_ERROR, 0);return;case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE: break; default:break;} }VOID SvcInit(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR* lpszArgv)
{SvcReportEvent(L"Enter SvcInit");/// Service initialization.// // Declare and set any required variables. Be sure to periodically call // ReportSvcStatus() with SERVICE_START_PENDING. If initialization fails, // call ReportSvcStatus with SERVICE_STOPPED.// Create a manual-reset event that is not signaled at first. The control // handler function, SvcCtrlHandler, signals this event when it receives // the stop control code.g_hSvcStopEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);if (g_hSvcStopEvent == NULL){SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED, NO_ERROR, 0);return;}// Report running status when initialization is complete.SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING, NO_ERROR, 0);/// Perform work until service stops.// while(TRUE){// Perform work ...// Check whether to stop the service.WaitForSingleObject(g_hSvcStopEvent, INFINITE);SvcReportStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED, NO_ERROR, 0);return;}
}VOID SvcStop()
{SvcReportEvent(L"Enter SvcStop");// Signal the service to stop.if (g_hSvcStopEvent){SetEvent(g_hSvcStopEvent);}
}VOID SvcReportStatus(DWORD dwCurrentState, DWORD dwWin32ExitCode, DWORD dwWaitHint)
{static DWORD dwCheckPoint = 1;// Fill in the SERVICE_STATUS structure.g_ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState = dwCurrentState;g_ssSvcStatus.dwWin32ExitCode = dwWin32ExitCode;g_ssSvcStatus.dwWaitHint = dwWaitHint;g_ssSvcStatus.dwControlsAccepted = (dwCurrentState == SERVICE_START_PENDING) ? 0 : SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP;g_ssSvcStatus.dwCheckPoint = ((dwCurrentState == SERVICE_RUNNING) || (dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED)) ? 0 : dwCheckPoint++;// Report the status of the service to the SCM.SetServiceStatus(g_sshSvcStatusHandle, &g_ssSvcStatus);
}VOID SvcReportEvent(LPWSTR lpszFunction, DWORD dwErr)
{HANDLE hEventSource;LPCWSTR lpszStrings[2];wchar_t szBuffer[80];hEventSource = RegisterEventSource(NULL, SERVICE_NAME);if (NULL != hEventSource){WORD wType;if (dwErr == 0){swprintf_s(szBuffer, ARRAYSIZE(szBuffer), lpszFunction);wType = EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE;}else{swprintf_s(szBuffer, ARRAYSIZE(szBuffer), L"%s failed w/err 0x%08lx", lpszFunction, dwErr);wType = EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE;}lpszStrings[0] = SERVICE_NAME;lpszStrings[1] = szBuffer;ReportEvent(hEventSource,  // Event log handlewType,                 // Event type0,                     // Event category0,                     // Event identifierNULL,                  // No security identifier2,                     // Size of lpszStrings array0,                     // No binary datalpszStrings,           // Array of stringsNULL);                 // No binary dataDeregisterEventSource(hEventSource);}
}VOID SvcInstall()
{wchar_t szPath[MAX_PATH];if (GetModuleFileName(NULL, szPath, ARRAYSIZE(szPath)) == 0){wprintf(L"GetModuleFileName failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());return;}// Open the local default service control manager databaseSC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT | SC_MANAGER_CREATE_SERVICE);if (!schSCManager){wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());return;}// Install the service into SCM by calling CreateServiceSC_HANDLE schService = CreateService(schSCManager,                   // SCManager databaseSERVICE_NAME,                   // Name of serviceSERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME,           // Name to displaySERVICE_CHANGE_CONFIG,          // Desired accessSERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS,      // Service typeSERVICE_DEMAND_START,           // Start typeSERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL,           // Error control typeszPath,                         // Service's binaryNULL,                           // No load ordering groupNULL,                           // No tag identifierSERVICE_DEPENDENCIES,           // DependenciesSERVICE_ACCOUNT,                // Service running accountSERVICE_PASSWORD);              // Password of the accountif (NULL != schService){wprintf(L"%s installed.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);CloseServiceHandle(schService);}else{wprintf(L"CreateService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());}CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}VOID SvcUninstall()
{// Open the local default service control manager databaseSC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);if (!schSCManager){wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());return;}// Open the service with delete, stop and query status permissionsSC_HANDLE schService = OpenService(schSCManager, SERVICE_NAME, DELETE | SERVICE_STOP | SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS);if (NULL != schService){// Try to stop the serviceSERVICE_STATUS ssSvcStatus;if (ControlService(schService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &ssSvcStatus)){wprintf(L"Stopping %s.", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);Sleep(1000);while (QueryServiceStatus(schService, &ssSvcStatus)){if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOP_PENDING){wprintf(L".");Sleep(1000);}else break;}if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED){wprintf(L"\n%s stopped.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);}else{wprintf(L"\n%s failed to stop.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);}}// Now remove the service by calling DeleteServiceif (DeleteService(schService)){wprintf(L"%s removed.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);}else{wprintf(L"DeleteService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());}CloseServiceHandle(schService);}else{wprintf(L"OpenService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());}CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}VOID SvcQueryConfig()
{// Open the local default service control manager databaseSC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);if (!schSCManager){wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());return;}// Try to open the service to query its status and configSC_HANDLE schService = OpenService(schSCManager, SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS | SERVICE_QUERY_CONFIG);if (NULL != schService){wprintf(L"%s was installed.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);DWORD cbBytesNeeded;// // Query the status of the service// SERVICE_STATUS_PROCESS ssp;if (QueryServiceStatusEx(schService, SC_STATUS_PROCESS_INFO, (LPBYTE)&ssp, sizeof(ssp), &cbBytesNeeded)){wprintf(L"Service status: ");switch (ssp.dwCurrentState){case SERVICE_STOPPED: _putws(L"Stopped"); break;case SERVICE_RUNNING: _putws(L"Running"); break;case SERVICE_PAUSED: _putws(L"Paused"); break;case SERVICE_START_PENDING:case SERVICE_STOP_PENDING:case SERVICE_CONTINUE_PENDING:case SERVICE_PAUSE_PENDING: _putws(L"Pending"); break;}}else{wprintf(L"QueryServiceStatusEx failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());}CloseServiceHandle(schService);}else{DWORD dwErr = GetLastError();if (dwErr == ERROR_SERVICE_DOES_NOT_EXIST){wprintf(L"%s was not installed.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);}else{wprintf(L"OpenService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", dwErr);}}CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}BOOL SvcStart()
{ // run service with given nameSC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager( NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS); if (schSCManager==0) {long nError = GetLastError();wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed, error code = %d\n", nError);}else{// open the serviceSC_HANDLE schService = OpenService( schSCManager, SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS);if (schService==0) {long nError = GetLastError();wprintf(L"OpenService failed, error code = %d\n", nError);}else{// call StartService to run the serviceif(StartService(schService, 0, (LPCWSTR*)NULL)){wprintf(L"%s started.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);CloseServiceHandle(schService); CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager); return TRUE;}else{long nError = GetLastError();wprintf(L"StartService failed, error code = %d\n", nError);}CloseServiceHandle(schService); }CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager); }return FALSE;
}VOID SvcStopNow()
{// Open the local default service control manager databaseSC_HANDLE schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);if (!schSCManager){wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());return;}// Open the service with delete, stop and query status permissionsSC_HANDLE schService = OpenService(schSCManager, SERVICE_NAME, DELETE | SERVICE_STOP | SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS);if (NULL != schService){// Try to stop the serviceSERVICE_STATUS ssSvcStatus;if (ControlService(schService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &ssSvcStatus)){wprintf(L"Stopping %s.", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);Sleep(1000);while (QueryServiceStatus(schService, &ssSvcStatus)){if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOP_PENDING){wprintf(L".");Sleep(1000);}else break;}if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED){wprintf(L"\n%s stopped.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);}else{wprintf(L"\n%s failed to stop.\n", SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME);}}CloseServiceHandle(schService);}else{wprintf(L"OpenService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());}CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
}

下面看看运行结果如何。

WIN+R，调出RUN，输入services.msc调出Service管理。在这里你就会看见CppWin8Service Demo，点击一下，会发现其没有运行。

我们在刚刚install的控制台继续运行：

D:\honeywell\workspace\Win8Service\Debug>Win8Service.exe -install
CppWin8Service Demo installed.D:\honeywell\workspace\Win8Service\Debug>Win8Service.exe -start
CppWin8Service Demo started.

刷新一下Service，会看到此服务以及启动。

打开事件查看器（运行eventvwr.msc），Windows logs---》Application中可以看到CppWin8Service的infomation，比如：

CppWin8Service
Enter SvcInit

二、外部程序启动和停止此服务

服务跑起来了，那么我们如何在外部程序中控制它呢？其实很简单，就是用上面的SvcStart和SvcStopNow方法来做就可以了。

我们新建一个MFC对话框程序，加两个button，一个启动一个停止。将两个函数拷进去，然后包含一下此头文件就可以了。

#include <winsvc.h>

三、批处理安装服务程序

说白了，就是用sc命令来安装启动服务程序，用批处理来包装一下，注意运行批处理时也要用admin。

sc命令见sc命令创建启动服务。

Service安装和启动的bat：

@echo. start service!
@echo off@sc create LincTestServer binPath= "D:\XXX\Debug\NewService.exe"@sc start LincTestServer @sc config LincTestServer start= AUTO@sc config LincTestServer displayname="linc service"
@echo off@echo. start ok!
@pause

停止的bat：

@echo.stop service
@echo off@sc stop LincTestServer
@echo off@echo.service stoped@pause

卸载的bat：

@echo.delete service
@echo off@sc delete LincTestServer
@echo off@echo.service deleted@pause