mongo慢查询排查

一、简单介绍

mongo语句查询条件中出现null或空串，可能会导致索引失效，查询优化器无法选择正确的查询计划，出现慢查询引起服务异常

mongo查询的执行计划使用了LRU缓存，在很多种情况下会失效，导致重新选择执行计划并缓存，供后续同类查询直接使用；

服务开始时一直运行正常，当执行计划失效后，恰好出现null值的查询导致选择了错误的执行计划并缓存，后续正常的查询也会出现异常。

二、事件脉络

1、起因

用户中心收到业务方反馈，第三方登录注册出现频繁dubbo调用超时。

org.apache.dubbo.rpc.RpcException: Failed to invoke the method loginWithThird in the service weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService. Tried 1 times of the providers [10.65.5.0:11090] (1/4) from the registry node1.zk.all.platform.wtc.hwhosts.com:2181 on the consumer 10.65.1.81 using the dubbo version 2.7.3-SNAPSHOT. Last error is: loginWithThird_2 failed and fallback failed.at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.FailoverClusterInvoker.doInvoke(FailoverClusterInvoker.java:113)at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.AbstractClusterInvoker.invoke(AbstractClusterInvoker.java:248)at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.wrapper.MockClusterInvoker.invoke(MockClusterInvoker.java:78)at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.proxy.InvokerInvocationHandler.invoke(InvokerInvocationHandler.java:55)at org.apache.dubbo.common.bytecode.proxy9.loginWithThird(proxy9.java)at weli.peanut.user.service.LoginService.loginAndRegister(LoginService.java:684)at weli.peanut.user.service.LoginService.loginByThirdPartyV2(LoginService.java:629)at weli.peanut.web.controller.api.UserLoginController.lambda$loginByThirdPartyV2$0(UserLoginController.java:113)at weli.peanut.common.controller.BaseController.resultForActionWithCat(BaseController.java:71)at weli.peanut.web.controller.api.UserLoginController.loginByThirdPartyV2(UserLoginController.java:113)at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor2017.invoke(Unknown Source)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205)at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:133)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:116)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:827)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:738)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:963)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:897)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:970)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:872)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:646)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:846)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:197)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:170)at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:98)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1040)at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:607)at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1721)at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1679)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: com.netflix.hystrix.exception.HystrixRuntimeException: loginWithThird_2 failed and fallback failed.at com.netflix.hystrix.AbstractCommand$22.call(AbstractCommand.java:818)at com.netflix.hystrix.AbstractCommand$22.call(AbstractCommand.java:793)at rx.internal.operators.OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction$4.onError(OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction.java:140)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach$DoOnEachSubscriber.onError(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:87)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach$DoOnEachSubscriber.onError(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:87)at com.netflix.hystrix.AbstractCommand$DeprecatedOnFallbackHookApplication$1.onError(AbstractCommand.java:1454)at com.netflix.hystrix.AbstractCommand$FallbackHookApplication$1.onError(AbstractCommand.java:1379)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach$DoOnEachSubscriber.onError(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:87)at rx.observers.Subscribers$5.onError(Subscribers.java:230)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeThrow.call(OnSubscribeThrow.java:44)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeThrow.call(OnSubscribeThrow.java:28)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:51)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:35)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:41)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:30)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:41)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:30)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:41)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:30)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:41)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:30)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction$4.onError(OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction.java:142)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach$DoOnEachSubscriber.onError(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:87)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach$DoOnEachSubscriber.onError(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:87)at rx.internal.operators.OperatorSubscribeOn$1$1.onError(OperatorSubscribeOn.java:59)at rx.observers.Subscribers$5.onError(Subscribers.java:230)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach$DoOnEachSubscriber.onError(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:87)at rx.observers.Subscribers$5.onError(Subscribers.java:230)at com.netflix.hystrix.AbstractCommand$DeprecatedOnRunHookApplication$1.onError(AbstractCommand.java:1413)at com.netflix.hystrix.AbstractCommand$ExecutionHookApplication$1.onError(AbstractCommand.java:1344)at rx.observers.Subscribers$5.onError(Subscribers.java:230)at rx.observers.Subscribers$5.onError(Subscribers.java:230)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeThrow.call(OnSubscribeThrow.java:44)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeThrow.call(OnSubscribeThrow.java:28)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:51)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:35)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:51)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:35)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:41)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:30)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10151)at rx.internal.operators.OperatorSubscribeOn$1.call(OperatorSubscribeOn.java:94)at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction$1.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:56)at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction$1.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:47)at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:69)at rx.internal.schedulers.ScheduledAction.run(ScheduledAction.java:55)at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)... 3 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.dubbo.rpc.RpcException: Invoke remote method timeout. method: loginWithThird, provider: dubbo://10.65.5.0:11090/weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService?anyhost=true&application=peanut-admin&bean.name=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService&check=false&deprecated=false&dubbo=2.0.2&dynamic=true&generic=false&interface=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService&lazy=false&loadbalance=leastactive&methods=logout,sendSms,loginWithVisitor,loginWithThird,loginWithPhone,loginWithThirdBindPhone&pid=1&register=true&register.ip=10.65.1.81&release=2.7.3-SNAPSHOT&remote.application=wormhole-api&retries=0&revision=1.1.11-SNAPSHOT&side=consumer&sticky=false&timeout=5000&timestamp=1647332146309, cause: org.apache.dubbo.remoting.TimeoutException: Waiting server-side response timeout by scan timer. start time: 2022-03-15 20:33:31.937, end time: 2022-03-15 20:33:36.968, client elapsed: 0 ms, server elapsed: 5031 ms, timeout: 5000 ms, request: Request [id=690506, version=2.0.2, twoway=true, event=false, broken=false, data=RpcInvocation [methodName=loginWithThird, parameterTypes=[class weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.model.LoginWithThirdRequest, class weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.model.LoginCommonParam], arguments=[LoginWithThirdRequest(accessToken=54_y3n-YsttdKOklr_X-mbjRgKAKROLDKfx3PV23zAQHmBvmT3zVliFp9mWodHSUEcKgNnJGC4AP_bAOX-2ZSSsfCHfNM5wfjbJDyiQh-sCjFQ, openId=ofrsY6xraPjv9augA9L2kUIB0-Fk, unionId=null, code=null, type=WX, nickName=null, headImgurl=null, sex=null, skipPhoneBind=1), LoginCommonParam(channel=vivo, ip=null, verName=null, platform=null, deviceId=null, imei=null, app=peanut, subApp=peanut, dfId=DUE_59hD2L9BBgukNR3Jv2DjnW00iRtU8z0eRFVFXzU5aEQyTDlCQmd1a05SM0p2MkRqblcwMGlSdFU4ejBlc2h1, idfa=null, mac=null, oaid=null, androidId=null)], attachments={path=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService, interface=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService, version=0.0.0, timeout=5000}]], channel: /10.65.1.81:35450 -> /10.65.5.0:11090at suishen.esb.hystrix.dubbo.DubboHystrixCommand.run(DubboHystrixCommand.java:93)at suishen.esb.hystrix.dubbo.DubboHystrixCommand.run(DubboHystrixCommand.java:12)at com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand$2.call(HystrixCommand.java:301)at com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand$2.call(HystrixCommand.java:297)at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:46)... 26 more
Caused by: org.apache.dubbo.rpc.RpcException: Invoke remote method timeout. method: loginWithThird, provider: dubbo://10.65.5.0:11090/weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService?anyhost=true&application=peanut-admin&bean.name=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService&check=false&deprecated=false&dubbo=2.0.2&dynamic=true&generic=false&interface=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService&lazy=false&loadbalance=leastactive&methods=logout,sendSms,loginWithVisitor,loginWithThird,loginWithPhone,loginWithThirdBindPhone&pid=1&register=true&register.ip=10.65.1.81&release=2.7.3-SNAPSHOT&remote.application=wormhole-api&retries=0&revision=1.1.11-SNAPSHOT&side=consumer&sticky=false&timeout=5000&timestamp=1647332146309, cause: org.apache.dubbo.remoting.TimeoutException: Waiting server-side response timeout by scan timer. start time: 2022-03-15 20:33:31.937, end time: 2022-03-15 20:33:36.968, client elapsed: 0 ms, server elapsed: 5031 ms, timeout: 5000 ms, request: Request [id=690506, version=2.0.2, twoway=true, event=false, broken=false, data=RpcInvocation [methodName=loginWithThird, parameterTypes=[class weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.model.LoginWithThirdRequest, class weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.model.LoginCommonParam], arguments=[LoginWithThirdRequest(accessToken=54_y3n-YsttdKOklr_X-mbjRgKAKROLDKfx3PV23zAQHmBvmT3zVliFp9mWodHSUEcKgNnJGC4AP_bAOX-2ZSSsfCHfNM5wfjbJDyiQh-sCjFQ, openId=ofrsY6xraPjv9augA9L2kUIB0-Fk, unionId=null, code=null, type=WX, nickName=null, headImgurl=null, sex=null, skipPhoneBind=1), LoginCommonParam(channel=vivo, ip=null, verName=null, platform=null, deviceId=null, imei=null, app=peanut, subApp=peanut, dfId=DUE_59hD2L9BBgukNR3Jv2DjnW00iRtU8z0eRFVFXzU5aEQyTDlCQmd1a05SM0p2MkRqblcwMGlSdFU4ejBlc2h1, idfa=null, mac=null, oaid=null, androidId=null)], attachments={path=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService, interface=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService, version=0.0.0, timeout=5000}]], channel: /10.65.1.81:35450 -> /10.65.5.0:11090at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.protocol.AsyncToSyncInvoker.invoke(AsyncToSyncInvoker.java:63)at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.listener.ListenerInvokerWrapper.invoke(ListenerInvokerWrapper.java:78)at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.Invoker$CompatibleInvoker.invoke(Invoker.java:55)at suishen.esb.hystrix.dubbo.DubboHystrixCommand.run(DubboHystrixCommand.java:84)... 30 more
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.dubbo.remoting.TimeoutException: Waiting server-side response timeout by scan timer. start time: 2022-03-15 20:33:31.937, end time: 2022-03-15 20:33:36.968, client elapsed: 0 ms, server elapsed: 5031 ms, timeout: 5000 ms, request: Request [id=690506, version=2.0.2, twoway=true, event=false, broken=false, data=RpcInvocation [methodName=loginWithThird, parameterTypes=[class weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.model.LoginWithThirdRequest, class weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.model.LoginCommonParam], arguments=[LoginWithThirdRequest(accessToken=54_y3n-YsttdKOklr_X-mbjRgKAKROLDKfx3PV23zAQHmBvmT3zVliFp9mWodHSUEcKgNnJGC4AP_bAOX-2ZSSsfCHfNM5wfjbJDyiQh-sCjFQ, openId=ofrsY6xraPjv9augA9L2kUIB0-Fk, unionId=null, code=null, type=WX, nickName=null, headImgurl=null, sex=null, skipPhoneBind=1), LoginCommonParam(channel=vivo, ip=null, verName=null, platform=null, deviceId=null, imei=null, app=peanut, subApp=peanut, dfId=DUE_59hD2L9BBgukNR3Jv2DjnW00iRtU8z0eRFVFXzU5aEQyTDlCQmd1a05SM0p2MkRqblcwMGlSdFU4ejBlc2h1, idfa=null, mac=null, oaid=null, androidId=null)], attachments={path=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService, interface=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService, version=0.0.0, timeout=5000}]], channel: /10.65.1.81:35450 -> /10.65.5.0:11090at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture.reportGet(CompletableFuture.java:357)at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture.get(CompletableFuture.java:1915)at org.apache.dubbo.rpc.protocol.AsyncToSyncInvoker.invoke(AsyncToSyncInvoker.java:56)... 33 more
Caused by: org.apache.dubbo.remoting.TimeoutException: Waiting server-side response timeout by scan timer. start time: 2022-03-15 20:33:31.937, end time: 2022-03-15 20:33:36.968, client elapsed: 0 ms, server elapsed: 5031 ms, timeout: 5000 ms, request: Request [id=690506, version=2.0.2, twoway=true, event=false, broken=false, data=RpcInvocation [methodName=loginWithThird, parameterTypes=[class weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.model.LoginWithThirdRequest, class weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.model.LoginCommonParam], arguments=[LoginWithThirdRequest(accessToken=54_y3n-YsttdKOklr_X-mbjRgKAKROLDKfx3PV23zAQHmBvmT3zVliFp9mWodHSUEcKgNnJGC4AP_bAOX-2ZSSsfCHfNM5wfjbJDyiQh-sCjFQ, openId=ofrsY6xraPjv9augA9L2kUIB0-Fk, unionId=null, code=null, type=WX, nickName=null, headImgurl=null, sex=null, skipPhoneBind=1), LoginCommonParam(channel=vivo, ip=null, verName=null, platform=null, deviceId=null, imei=null, app=peanut, subApp=peanut, dfId=DUE_59hD2L9BBgukNR3Jv2DjnW00iRtU8z0eRFVFXzU5aEQyTDlCQmd1a05SM0p2MkRqblcwMGlSdFU4ejBlc2h1, idfa=null, mac=null, oaid=null, androidId=null)], attachments={path=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService, interface=weli.wormhole.rpc.user.center.api.ILoginNeedPhoneService, version=0.0.0, timeout=5000}]], channel: /10.65.1.81:35450 -> /10.65.5.0:11090at org.apache.dubbo.remoting.exchange.support.DefaultFuture.doReceived(DefaultFuture.java:189)at org.apache.dubbo.remoting.exchange.support.DefaultFuture.received(DefaultFuture.java:153)at org.apache.dubbo.remoting.exchange.support.DefaultFuture$TimeoutCheckTask.run(DefaultFuture.java:252)at org.apache.dubbo.common.timer.HashedWheelTimer$HashedWheelTimeout.expire(HashedWheelTimer.java:648)at org.apache.dubbo.common.timer.HashedWheelTimer$HashedWheelBucket.expireTimeouts(HashedWheelTimer.java:727)at org.apache.dubbo.common.timer.HashedWheelTimer$Worker.run(HashedWheelTimer.java:449)... 1 more

2、排查处理

a、查询用户中心cat监控，确认用户中心是否收到请求且正常响应。

当前状态：

正常状态：

对比结果：

用户中心已收到正常请求，排除客户端调用问题；

用户中心当前响应时间异常高出平常的响应时间，判断为用户中心内部业务处理出现问题。

b、查看kibana日志，发现无异常日志；

c、使用Arthas诊断工具，监控业务调用链各部分耗时情况；

定位原因为mongo查询慢导致整体业务处理超时。

d、分析mongo查询语句，查看索引情况

public User getUserByDfId(String dfId, String app) {Criteria criteria = Criteria.where("userBindInfo.dfId").is(dfId).and("app").is(app).and("status").is(1);return this.mongoTemplate.findOne(Query.query(criteria), User.class);
}

db.getCollection('wormhole_user').getIndexes();
[{"v" : 1,"key" : {"app" : 1},"name" : "app","ns" : "wormhole.wormhole_user","background" : true},{"v" : 1,"key" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : 1},"name" : "userBindInfo.dfId","ns" : "wormhole.wormhole_user","background" : true},... (其余不关注索引已删除)
]

“userBindInfo.dfId”字段存在索引，查询语句也无明显异常。

e、查看华为云后台mongo慢日志

{"op": "query","ns": "wormhole.wormhole_user","command": {"find": "wormhole_user","filter": {"userBindInfo.dfId": "DUQmN3QLpLRwC8PNe1joT_9SDRrzazT4cUc5RFVRbU4zUUxwTFJ3QzhQTmUxam9UXzlTRFJyemF6VDRjVWM1c2h1","app": "maybe","status": 1},"ntoreturn": -1},"keysExamined": 1870039,"docsExamined": 1870039,"cursorExhausted": true,"numYield": 14836,"nreturned": 0,"locks": {"Global": {"acquireCount": {"r": 14837}},"Database": {"acquireCount": {"r": 14837}},"Collection": {"acquireCount": {"r": 14837}}},"responseLength": 36,"millis": 14545,"planSummary": "IXSCAN { app: 1 }","execStats": {"stage": "CACHED_PLAN","nReturned": 0,"executionTimeMillisEstimate": 14552,"works": 1,"advanced": 0,"needTime": 0,"needYield": 0,"saveState": 14836,"restoreState": 14836,"isEOF": 1,"invalidates": 0,"inputStage": {"stage": "LIMIT","nReturned": 0,"executionTimeMillisEstimate": 14145,"works": 1870040,"advanced": 0,"needTime": 1870039,"needYield": 0,"saveState": 14836,"restoreState": 14836,"isEOF": 1,"invalidates": 0,"limitAmount": 1,"inputStage": {"stage": "FETCH","filter": {"$and": [{"status": {"$eq": 1}},{"userBindInfo.dfId": {"$eq": "DUQmN3QLpLRwC8PNe1joT_9SDRrzazT4cUc5RFVRbU4zUUxwTFJ3QzhQTmUxam9UXzlTRFJyemF6VDRjVWM1c2h1"}}]},"nReturned": 0,"executionTimeMillisEstimate": 14117,"works": 1870040,"advanced": 0,"needTime": 1870039,"needYield": 0,"saveState": 14836,"restoreState": 14836,"isEOF": 1,"invalidates": 0,"docsExamined": 1870039,"alreadyHasObj": 0,"inputStage": {"stage": "IXSCAN","nReturned": 1870039,"executionTimeMillisEstimate": 931,"works": 1870040,"advanced": 1870039,"needTime": 0,"needYield": 0,"saveState": 14836,"restoreState": 14836,"isEOF": 1,"invalidates": 0,"keyPattern": {"app": 1},"indexName": "app","isMultiKey": false,"multiKeyPaths": {"app": []},"isUnique": false,"isSparse": false,"isPartial": false,"indexVersion": 1,"direction": "forward","indexBounds": {"app": ["["maybe", "maybe"]"]},"keysExamined": 1870039,"seeks": 1,"dupsTested": 0,"dupsDropped": 0,"seenInvalidated": 0}}}},"ts": {"$date": 1647359086553},"client": "10.65.5.0","allUsers": [{"user": "mongosiud","db": "wormhole"}],"user": "mongosiud@wormhole"
}

通过慢日志发现，mongo并未使用“userBindInfo.dfId”作为索引查询条件，而是使用了“app”作为索引查询条件。

初步认为索引匹配度不够，mongo没正确使用索引。

f、新增联合索引，提高索引匹配度，查询时间恢复正常，接口恢复正常。

db.getCollection("wormhole_user").createIndex({"userBindInfo.dfId": 1,"app": 1,"status": 1
}, {name: "idx_user_app_userBindInfo.dfId",background: true
});

3、问题分析

a、explain()语句分析

db.getCollection('wormhole_user').find({"userBindInfo.dfId": "DUqTmV8lQcInjzWtuyJuAntkbRi5_YZ3yHd9RFVxVG1WOGxRY0luanpXdHV5SnVBbnRrYlJpNV9ZWjN5SGQ5c2h1", "app": "maybe", "status": 1}).explain();
{"queryPlanner" : {"plannerVersion" : 1,"namespace" : "wormhole.wormhole_user","indexFilterSet" : false,"parsedQuery" : {"$and" : [ {"app" : {"$eq" : "maybe"}}, {"status" : {"$eq" : 1.0}}, {"userBindInfo.dfId" : {"$eq" : "DUqTmV8lQcInjzWtuyJuAntkbRi5_YZ3yHd9RFVxVG1WOGxRY0luanpXdHV5SnVBbnRrYlJpNV9ZWjN5SGQ5c2h1"}}]},"winningPlan" : {"stage" : "FETCH","filter" : {"$and" : [ {"app" : {"$eq" : "maybe"}}, {"status" : {"$eq" : 1.0}}]},"inputStage" : {"stage" : "IXSCAN","keyPattern" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : 1},"indexName" : "userBindInfo.dfId","isMultiKey" : false,"multiKeyPaths" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : []},"isUnique" : false,"isSparse" : false,"isPartial" : false,"indexVersion" : 1,"direction" : "forward","indexBounds" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : [ "[\"DUqTmV8lQcInjzWtuyJuAntkbRi5_YZ3yHd9RFVxVG1WOGxRY0luanpXdHV5SnVBbnRrYlJpNV9ZWjN5SGQ5c2h1\", \"DUqTmV8lQcInjzWtuyJuAntkbRi5_YZ3yHd9RFVxVG1WOGxRY0luanpXdHV5SnVBbnRrYlJpNV9ZWjN5SGQ5c2h1\"]"]}}},"rejectedPlans" : [ {"stage" : "FETCH","filter" : {"$and" : [ {"status" : {"$eq" : 1.0}}, {"userBindInfo.dfId" : {"$eq" : "DUqTmV8lQcInjzWtuyJuAntkbRi5_YZ3yHd9RFVxVG1WOGxRY0luanpXdHV5SnVBbnRrYlJpNV9ZWjN5SGQ5c2h1"}}]},"inputStage" : {"stage" : "IXSCAN","keyPattern" : {"app" : 1},"indexName" : "app","isMultiKey" : false,"multiKeyPaths" : {"app" : []},"isUnique" : false,"isSparse" : false,"isPartial" : false,"indexVersion" : 1,"direction" : "forward","indexBounds" : {"app" : [ "[\"maybe\", \"maybe\"]"]}}}, {"stage" : "FETCH","filter" : {"$and" : [ {"app" : {"$eq" : "maybe"}}, {"userBindInfo.dfId" : {"$eq" : "DUqTmV8lQcInjzWtuyJuAntkbRi5_YZ3yHd9RFVxVG1WOGxRY0luanpXdHV5SnVBbnRrYlJpNV9ZWjN5SGQ5c2h1"}}, {"status" : {"$eq" : 1.0}}]},"inputStage" : {"stage" : "AND_SORTED","inputStages" : [ {"stage" : "IXSCAN","keyPattern" : {"app" : 1},"indexName" : "app","isMultiKey" : false,"multiKeyPaths" : {"app" : []},"isUnique" : false,"isSparse" : false,"isPartial" : false,"indexVersion" : 1,"direction" : "forward","indexBounds" : {"app" : [ "[\"maybe\", \"maybe\"]"]}}, {"stage" : "IXSCAN","keyPattern" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : 1},"indexName" : "userBindInfo.dfId","isMultiKey" : false,"multiKeyPaths" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : []},"isUnique" : false,"isSparse" : false,"isPartial" : false,"indexVersion" : 1,"direction" : "forward","indexBounds" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : [ "[\"DUqTmV8lQcInjzWtuyJuAntkbRi5_YZ3yHd9RFVxVG1WOGxRY0luanpXdHV5SnVBbnRrYlJpNV9ZWjN5SGQ5c2h1\", \"DUqTmV8lQcInjzWtuyJuAntkbRi5_YZ3yHd9RFVxVG1WOGxRY0luanpXdHV5SnVBbnRrYlJpNV9ZWjN5SGQ5c2h1\"]"]}}]}}]},"serverInfo" : {"host" : "host-192-168-10-163","port" : 27017,"version" : "4.0.3","gitVersion" : "0ead8608f9d151a199b05117bcc79ccb8d5f44a0"},"ok" : 1.0,"operationTime" : Timestamp(1647486920, 2),"$clusterTime" : {"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1647486920, 2),"signature" : {"hash" : { "$binary" : "ylTAtLK6mVpNwDt7PTGwNST/9z4=", "$type" : "00" },"keyId" : NumberLong(7031512438860152835)}}
}

发现mongo执行计划选择正确，这正好解释了服务在之前很长的一段时间内都是正常的原因；
mongo慢日志中的执行计划却选择错误，表明有什么原因导致了mongo执行计划的选择发生了变更。

b、文档查询

MongoDB 查询优化器会缓存最有效的查询计划，关联的计划缓存条目会用于具有相同查询形状的后续查询；
计划缓存会出现刷新：
- MongoDB重启；
- 索引或者集合的删除添加更新等操作；
- 最近最少使用 (LRU) 缓存替换机制清除最近最少访问的缓存条目。

结论：之前使用了计划缓存服务正常，到了某一时刻，计划缓存失效，MongoDB重新选择计划，此时选择了错误的计划并缓存，导致后续查询全部出现问题

c、查询首次出现的慢日志

{"op":"query","ns":"wormhole.wormhole_user","command":{"find":"wormhole_user","filter":{"userBindInfo.dfId":null,"app":"cybercat","status":1},"ntoreturn":-1},"keysExamined":872550,"docsExamined":872550,"fromMultiPlanner":true,"replanned":true,"cursorExhausted":true,"numYield":13785,"nreturned":0,"locks":{"Global":{"acquireCount":{"r":13786}},"Database":{"acquireCount":{"r":13786}},"Collection":{"acquireCount":{"r":13786}}},"responseLength":36,"millis":27864,"planSummary":"IXSCAN { app: 1 }","execStats":{"stage":"LIMIT","nReturned":0,"executionTimeMillisEstimate":26216,"works":872551,"advanced":0,"needTime":872550,"needYield":0,"saveState":13785,"restoreState":13785,"isEOF":1,"invalidates":0,"limitAmount":1,"inputStage":{"stage":"FETCH","filter":{"$and":[{"status":{"$eq":1}},{"userBindInfo.dfId":{"$eq":null}}]},"nReturned":0,"executionTimeMillisEstimate":26164,"works":872551,"advanced":0,"needTime":872550,"needYield":0,"saveState":13785,"restoreState":13785,"isEOF":1,"invalidates":0,"docsExamined":872550,"alreadyHasObj":0,"inputStage":{"stage":"IXSCAN","nReturned":872550,"executionTimeMillisEstimate":249,"works":872551,"advanced":872550,"needTime":0,"needYield":0,"saveState":13785,"restoreState":13785,"isEOF":1,"invalidates":0,"keyPattern":{"app":1},"indexName":"app","isMultiKey":false,"multiKeyPaths":{"app":[

                ]},"isUnique":false,"isSparse":false,"isPartial":false,"indexVersion":1,"direction":"forward","indexBounds":{"app":["["cybercat", "cybercat"]"]},"keysExamined":872550,"seeks":1,"dupsTested":0,"dupsDropped":0,"seenInvalidated":0}}
},
"ts":{"$date":1647309521700
},
"client":"10.65.1.25",
"allUsers":[{"user":"mongosiud","db":"wormhole"}
],
"user":"mongosiud@wormhole"

}

发现查询条件中出现了null值，本地再次分析：

db.getCollection('wormhole_user').find({"userBindInfo.dfId": null, "app": "maybe", "status": 1}).explain();
{"queryPlanner" : {"plannerVersion" : 1,"namespace" : "wormhole.wormhole_user","indexFilterSet" : false,"parsedQuery" : {"$and" : [ {"app" : {"$eq" : "maybe"}}, {"status" : {"$eq" : 1.0}}, {"userBindInfo.dfId" : {"$eq" : null}}]},"winningPlan" : {"stage" : "FETCH","filter" : {"$and" : [ {"status" : {"$eq" : 1.0}}, {"userBindInfo.dfId" : {"$eq" : null}}]},"inputStage" : {"stage" : "IXSCAN","keyPattern" : {"app" : 1},"indexName" : "app","isMultiKey" : false,"multiKeyPaths" : {"app" : []},"isUnique" : false,"isSparse" : false,"isPartial" : false,"indexVersion" : 1,"direction" : "forward","indexBounds" : {"app" : [ "[\"maybe\", \"maybe\"]"]}}},"rejectedPlans" : [ {"stage" : "FETCH","filter" : {"$and" : [ {"userBindInfo.dfId" : {"$eq" : null}}, {"app" : {"$eq" : "maybe"}}, {"status" : {"$eq" : 1.0}}]},"inputStage" : {"stage" : "IXSCAN","keyPattern" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : 1},"indexName" : "userBindInfo.dfId","isMultiKey" : false,"multiKeyPaths" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : []},"isUnique" : false,"isSparse" : false,"isPartial" : false,"indexVersion" : 1,"direction" : "forward","indexBounds" : {"userBindInfo.dfId" : [ "[undefined, undefined]", "[null, null]"]}}}]},"serverInfo" : {"host" : "host-192-168-10-163","port" : 27017,"version" : "4.0.3","gitVersion" : "0ead8608f9d151a199b05117bcc79ccb8d5f44a0"},"ok" : 1.0,"operationTime" : Timestamp(1647489666, 1),"$clusterTime" : {"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1647489666, 1),"signature" : {"hash" : { "$binary" : "1KJI3aoz2QbOwTKlbkNl9SmWLzw=", "$type" : "00" },"keyId" : NumberLong(7031512438860152835)}}
}

结果与线上表现一致

4、回顾

紧急处理时，直接创建了一个新的索引，导致了计划缓存失效，重新选择计划并缓存，所以服务恢复了正常。

三、总结

避免空值的查询；
尽可能的使用explain()分析各种不同的查询情况；
可以使用mongo提供的PlanCache相关功能，查看计划缓存情况；
可使用hint()推荐查询索引。

MySQL派生表联表查询
docker mysql 开启慢查询日志
Python Matlab灰狼优化算法
MongoDB数据库部署环境准备
mysql连接查询
foreach拼接字符串查询无数据返回
使用foreach查询不出结果也不报错
Tomcat服务部署及优化
Springboot数据库密码加密解密
Unity XML登录系统