1. 背景

初次接手一个大工程时, 往往因为复杂的项目依赖而遇到各种编译问题, 同时如果能图形化其中的依赖关系对理解整个项目有莫大的帮助, 就像能从山顶俯瞰大陆的感觉. 本文即着重于实现此功能.

2. 入手

2.1 分析sln文件

下面给出了两个Project, 其中project1的GUID为E37ACEB3-9187-43F7-AA78-000000000001

project2的GUID为E37ACEB3-9187-43F7-AA78-000000000002,

postProject部分给出了依赖关系: project2依赖于project1

Project("{2150E333-AAAA-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE9}") = "project1", "project1.vcxproj", "{E37ACEB3-9187-43F7-AA78-000000000001}"
EndProjectProject("{2150E333-AAAA-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE9}") = "project2", "project2.vcxproj", "{E37ACEB3-9187-43F7-AA78-000000000002}"ProjectSection(ProjectDependencies) = postProject{E37ACEB3-9187-43F7-AA78-000000000001} = {E37ACEB3-9187-43F7-AA78-000000000001}EndProjectSection
EndProject

2.2 给出正则表达式

Python正则表达式解析project: r'Project[^=]+=\s*"([^"]+)"\s*,\s*"([^"]+)"\s*,\s*"\{([^"]+)\}"'

group(1)为project_name, group(2)为project_vcproj, group(3)为GUID

Python正则表达式解析postProject: r'\{([\w-]+)\}\s=\s\{([\w-]+)\}'

group(1)应该等于group(2), 都是依赖的项目的GUID.

3 程序

请见visual_Project_dependency-Python工具类资源-CSDN下载

4. demo

5. 补充 - 另外一种情况

还有一种依赖关系保存在project文件里，形式如下：

<ProjectReference Include="..\MsgCreator\MsgCreator.vcxproj"><Project>{d3eada85-50f9-4a1d-a2f7-18612358b436}</Project><ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
</ProjectReference>

表示当前工程依赖MsgCreator. vcxproj其实是个XML文件，直接用BeautifulSoup打开查找<Project>项即可。

6. 补充 - 完整代码

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: gb2312 -*-#########################################################################
#2022-09-24 support case 2: denpendency in vcxproj.
#2018-08-01 born
########################################################################import sys,refrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import os
#import os for opening project file to search below kind of dependencies(case 2).
#<ProjectReference Include="..\MsgCreator\MsgCreator.vcxproj">
#      <Project>{d3eada85-50f9-4a1d-a2f7-18612358b436}</Project>
#      <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
#</ProjectReference>projectsCommentMap = {'project1':'comment1','project2': r'comment2: <BR/>aaa'
}class Project:def __init__(self, projectStr, slnpath):self.comments = ''projectNameGUIDpattern = r'Project[^=]+=\s*"([^"]+)"\s*,\s*"([^"]+)"\s*,\s*"\{([^"]+)\}"'m = re.search(projectNameGUIDpattern,projectStr)self.name = m.group(1)self.GUID = m.group(3).upper()self._fullpath = os.path.join(slnpath,m.group(2))#case 1: dependency specified in solution file.projectDependenciesPattern = r'\{([\w-]+)\}\s=\s\{([\w-]+)\}'m = re.findall(projectDependenciesPattern,projectStr)self.dependencyList = []for match in m:if(match[0]==match[1]):upperDep = match[0].upper()self.dependencyList.append(upperDep)#case 2: denpendency specified in specific project file.# <ProjectReference Include="..\MsgCreator\MsgCreator.vcxproj">#      <Project>{d3eada85-50f9-4a1d-a2f7-18612358b436}</Project>#      <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly># </ProjectReference>with open(self._fullpath, "r") as file:contents = file.read()projxml = BeautifulSoup(contents, "xml")find_depen = projxml.find_all('Project')for dep in find_depen:if dep.parent and dep.parent.name=='ProjectReference':parentProjGUID = dep.text.strip('{}')self.dependencyList.append(parentProjGUID.upper())self.dependencyProjects = []def __hash__(self):return hash(self.GUID)def __eq__(self,other):if(self.name==other.name and  self.GUID==other.GUID):return Truereturn Falsenew_node_nocomment = '''%d [shape=none label=<<table border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td port="port1" border="1" color="red"><B>%s</B></td></tr></table>>]\n'''
new_node_withcomment = '''%d [shape=none label=<<table border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td port="port1" border="1" bgcolor="green"><B>%s</B></td></tr><tr><td port="port2" border="1">%s</td></tr></table>>]\n'''
if __name__ == '__main__':'''Usage: this_file 2010_sln_file'''slnFileName = sys.argv[1]#slnFileName = r'C:\cpp\xalan-c-Xalan-C_1_11_0\Projects\Win32\VC15\Xalan.sln'import osslnpath = os.path.dirname(slnFileName)slnFile = open(slnFileName,'r')slnStr = slnFile.read()print(len(slnStr))projectStartPos = 0projectEndPos = 0PROJECT_START_CONSTANT = 'Project("{'PROJECT_END_CONSTANT = 'EndProject'project_list = []while(1):projectStartPos = slnStr.find(PROJECT_START_CONSTANT,projectStartPos)if(projectStartPos<0):break;projectEndPos = slnStr.find(PROJECT_END_CONSTANT,projectStartPos)if(projectEndPos<0):print('NO EndProject closes the project')break;project_string = slnStr[projectStartPos:projectEndPos]project_list.append(Project(project_string, slnpath))projectStartPos = projectEndPosprint("Total# of projects: %d"%(len(project_list)))guid2ProjectMap = {}for project in project_list:guid2ProjectMap[project.GUID] = project#update dependencyProjectsfor project in project_list:for dependGuid in project.dependencyList:if dependGuid in guid2ProjectMap:project.dependencyProjects.append(guid2ProjectMap[dependGuid])else:print('project %s depend on a project not in solution:%s'%(project.name, dependGuid))#generate DOT filedot_file_name = 'temp.dot'dot = open(dot_file_name,'w+')dot.write("digraph Tree {\n")#dot.write('node [shape=record color=blue fontname="bold"] ;\n')#generate ID for projectproject2IDMap = {}refProjectList = set([])i = 0for project in project_list:project2IDMap[project]=ii+=1;for project in project_list:if(len(project.dependencyProjects)>0):refProjectList.add(project)for dependProject in project.dependencyProjects:refProjectList.add(dependProject)singlefile = open('single.txt','w+')for project in project_list:if(project in refProjectList):if(project.name in projectsCommentMap):projectcomments = projectsCommentMap[project.name]dot.write(new_node_withcomment%(project2IDMap[project], project.name,projectcomments))else:dot.write(new_node_nocomment%(project2IDMap[project], project.name))if(len(project.dependencyProjects)>0):for depend_project in project.dependencyProjects:dot.write("%d -> %d ;\n"%(project2IDMap[depend_project],project2IDMap[project]))else:singlefile.write(project.name)singlefile.write('\n')dot.write("}")dot.close()singlefile.close()

最后附一张开源库Xalan的项目依赖关系图：

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图形化VS201x工程中的项目依赖关系