Java反射机制在UI自动化测试中的一个应用

源代码如下：

package com.sap.crm.ui.core.pages;import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import com.sap.crm.ui.core.tags.ContainerElement;
import com.sap.crm.ui.core.tags.Element;
import com.sap.crm.ui.core.tags.ElementFactory;
import com.sap.crm.ui.core.tags.ParentElement;
import com.sap.crm.ui.core.tags.SubFactory;
import com.sap.crm.ui.core.tags.UISession;public class AbstractPage {protected final UISession session;protected ParentElement container;public AbstractPage(final UISession session) {super();this.session = session;init();}protected void init() {final List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<Field>();final List<Field> subFields = new ArrayList<Field>();Map<Class<? extends SubObject>, Map<String, SubFactory<? extends SubObject>>> subFactories = new HashMap<>();Page pageAnnotation = this.getClass().getAnnotation(Page.class);Location defaultLocation = null;if (pageAnnotation != null) {defaultLocation = pageAnnotation.defaultLocation();}// Retrieve all fields/members that are declared as// public/protected/private.for (final Field field : this.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) {if (!field.isAccessible())field.setAccessible(true);final Class<?> type = field.getType();if (Element.class.isAssignableFrom(type) || type == String.class) {if (field.getAnnotation(Container.class) != null) {fields.add(0, field);} else {fields.add(field);}} else if (AbstractPage.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {// element is inheriting from AbstractPagecreateSubPage(field, type);} else if (SubObject.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {// subFactory e.g. for table columnssubFields.add(field);}}// Now consider all fields that have a PageElement annotation and create// the concrete element instances via factoryfor (final Field field : fields) {PageElement pageElement = resolveAnnotations(field);if (pageElement != null) {final Class<?> type = field.getType();if (type == String.class) {// Just a versioned IDsetField(field, pageElement.id());continue;}// Determine element type@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")Class<? extends Element> fieldType = (Class<? extends Element>) type;if (pageElement.type() != Element.class) {if (!fieldType.isAssignableFrom(pageElement.type())) {throw new IllegalArgumentException();}fieldType = pageElement.type();}// Get factory dependent from locationElement element;ElementFactory factory = null;factory = resolveLocation(factory, pageElement, defaultLocation);// Check if proxy neededif (ElementFactory.isConcreteType(fieldType)) {// Concrete type is known, no proxy neededelement = factory.element(fieldType, pageElement.id());} else {// Final Type is not known, need a proxyelement = factory.proxy(pageElement.id());}if (field.getAnnotation(Container.class) != null) {container = (ContainerElement) element;}setField(field, element);// Remember subFactoriesif (SubFactory.class.isAssignableFrom(fieldType)) {registerSubFactory(subFactories, field, fieldType, element);}}}// Instantiate subObject fields from factoriesfor (Field subField : subFields) {PageElement pageElement = resolveAnnotations(subField);// Get factoryMap<String, SubFactory<? extends SubObject>> subFactoriesForType = subFactories.get(subField.getType());if (subFactoriesForType == null) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("Subfactory for type "+ subField.getType() + " could not be found on page");}SubFactory<? extends SubObject> subFactory = subFactoriesForType.get(pageElement.subFactoryName());if (subFactory == null) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("Subfactory for type "+ subField.getType() + " with name "+ pageElement.subFactoryName()+ " could not be found on page");}// Get parametrization for generic typesParameterizedType genericType = (ParameterizedType) subField.getGenericType();Type[] actualTypeArguments = genericType.getActualTypeArguments();// Produce and assignObject subObject = subFactory.produce(pageElement.id(),actualTypeArguments);try {subField.set(this, subObject);} catch (final IllegalAccessException e) {throw new IllegalStateException(e);}}}private void setField(final Field field, Object value) {try {field.set(this, value);} catch (final IllegalAccessException e) {throw new IllegalStateException(e);}}private void createSubPage(final Field field, final Class<?> type) {@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")final Class<? extends AbstractPage> pageType = (Class<AbstractPage>) type;// Create sub pagestry {final Constructor<? extends AbstractPage> constructor = pageType.getConstructor(UISession.class);try {final AbstractPage page = constructor.newInstance(session);field.set(this, page);} catch (final IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (final InstantiationException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (final IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (final InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();}} catch (final NoSuchMethodException e) {// Ignore it, has to be coded manually}}private ElementFactory resolveLocation(ElementFactory factory,PageElement pageElement, Location defaultLocation) {Location location = pageElement.location();if (location == Location.DEFAULT && defaultLocation != null) {location = defaultLocation;}switch (location) {case ROOT:factory = session.ui();break;case CONTAINER:factory = container.contained();break;case DEFAULT:if (container != null) {factory = container.contained();} else {factory = session.workArea();}break;case TOOLBAR:factory = session.getToolbarFactory();break;case WORK_AREA:factory = session.workArea();break;}return factory;}private void registerSubFactory(Map<Class<? extends SubObject>, Map<String, SubFactory<? extends SubObject>>> subFactories,final Field field, Class<? extends Element> fieldType,Element element) {@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")SubFactory<? extends SubObject> subFactory = (SubFactory<? extends SubObject>) element;// Determine Namecom.sap.crm.ui.core.pages.SubFactory annotation = field.getAnnotation(com.sap.crm.ui.core.pages.SubFactory.class);String subFactoryName = (annotation != null) ? annotation.name() : "";Class<? extends SubObject> targetType = findSubObjectFactoryTargetType(fieldType);Map<String, SubFactory<? extends SubObject>> subFactoriesForType = subFactories.get(targetType);if (subFactoriesForType == null) {subFactoriesForType = new HashMap<>();subFactories.put(targetType, subFactoriesForType);}if (subFactoriesForType.put(subFactoryName, subFactory) != null) {throw new IllegalStateException("Ambiguous subObjectFactories on page for type "+ targetType + " with name " + subFactoryName);}}@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")private Class<? extends SubObject> findSubObjectFactoryTargetType(Class<? extends Element> fieldType) {Type[] genericInterfaces = fieldType.getGenericInterfaces();for (Type intf : genericInterfaces) {if (intf instanceof ParameterizedType&& ((ParameterizedType) intf).getRawType() == SubFactory.class) {Type[] actualTypeArguments = ((ParameterizedType) intf).getActualTypeArguments();Type type = actualTypeArguments[0];Class<? extends SubObject> targetType;if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {targetType = (Class<? extends SubObject>) ((ParameterizedType) type).getRawType();} else {targetType = (Class<? extends SubObject>) type;}return targetType;}}throw new IllegalArgumentException();}private PageElement resolveAnnotations(final Field field) {// Fetch annotationsfinal Versioned versionedAnnotation = field.getAnnotation(Versioned.class);PageElement pageElement = field.getAnnotation(PageElement.class);// Process versionsif (versionedAnnotation != null) {int highestVersion = 0;for (final Version version : versionedAnnotation.versions()) {if (version.majorVersion() >= session.getMajorVersion()&& version.majorVersion() > highestVersion) {pageElement = version.element();highestVersion = version.majorVersion();}}}return pageElement;}
}

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