先完成结构层与表现层部分,做一个纯CSS相册,好让JS不能动弹时,相册还能运作。过程见《纯CSS相册》,只不过是在它的基础再做了一些优化,更符合人的思路走向,好让下面JS顺产而已。
< img id = "index1" alt = "月光下的花瓣" src = "http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s001.jpg" />
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< img id = "index2" alt = "清澈的湖水" src = "http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s002.jpg" />
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< img id = "index3" alt = "荒漠上的植物" src = "http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s003.jpg" />
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< img id = "index4" alt = "末日霓虹" src = "http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s004.jpg" />
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< img id = "index5" alt = "绿·生意" src = "http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s005.jpg" />
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< img id = "index6" alt = "又是收获的季节" src = "http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s006.jpg" />
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< a href = "#index1" >1</ a >< a href = "#index2" >2</ a >< a href = "#index3" >3</ a >< a href = "#index4" >4</ a >< a href = "#index5" >5</ a >< a href = "#index6" >6</ a >
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<!doctype html> <title>javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美</title> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <meta name="keywords" content="javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美" /> <meta name="description" content="javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美" /> <style type="text/css"> #album{/*相册*/ position:relative; width:400px; height:300px; border:10px solid #EFEFDA;/*相册边框*/ } #album dt {/*相册的内容显示区,包含相片与下面的翻页栏*/ margin:0;/*去除浏览器的默认设置*/ padding:0;/*去除浏览器的默认设置*/ width:400px; height:300px; overflow:hidden;/*重点,让每次只显示一张图片*/ } #album img { border:0px; } #album dd {/*翻页栏*/ position:absolute; right:0px; bottom:10px; } #album a { display:block;/*让其拥有盒子模型*/ float:left; margin-right:10px;/*错开格子*/ width:15px;/*呈正方形*/ height:15px; line-height:15px; text-align:center;/*居中显示*/ text-decoration:none;/*消除下划线*/ color:#808080; background:transparent url(http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_button.gif) no-repeat -15px 0; } #album a:hover ,#album a.hover{ color:#F8F8F8; background-position:0 0; } </style> <h4>javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美</h4> <dl id="album"> <dt> <img id="index1" alt="月光下的花瓣" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s001.jpg" /> <img id="index2" alt="清澈的湖水" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s002.jpg" /> <img id="index3" alt="荒漠上的植物" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s003.jpg" /> <img id="index4" alt="末日霓虹" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s004.jpg" /> <img id="index5" alt="绿·生意" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s005.jpg" /> <img id="index6" alt="又是收获的季节" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s006.jpg" /> </dt> <dd> <a href="#index1">1</a><a href="#index2">2</a><a href="#index3">3</a><a href="#index4">4</a><a href="#index5">5</a><a href="#index6">6</a> </dd> </dl>
运行代码
接着下来我们用javascript来修正原来的缺陷和增加一些CSS做不到的能力。主要思路如下:用一个定时不断修改第一个img元素的src属性,实现图片自动播放的功能。取消翻页栏的链接点击时的默认行为,取出当前链接的锚点,并把代入一个哈希对象。这个对象会返回一个图片链接,然后再把它代入到第一个图片的src,实现点时切换图片的功能。因此如何实现这个哈希对象比较关键,它的作用相当于一个switch-case代码块,键为锚点,值为图片链接。
function imageRotater(id){
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album = document.getElementById(id),
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images = album.getElementsByTagName( "img" ),
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links = album.getElementsByTagName( "a" ),
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for ( var i=0;i< length;i++){
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cases += images[i].id + ':"' +images[i].getAttribute("src ")+'" ,'
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images[0].style.cssText = "position:absolute;top:0;left:0;" ; //修正图片的位置错误问题
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cases = eval( "({" +cases.replace(/,$/, "" )+ "})" ); //相当于switch-case代码块
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for ( var i=0;i<length;i++){ //实现点击切换图片
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links[i].onclick = function (e){
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var index = this .toString().split( "#" )[1];
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aIndex = index.substr(-1);
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images[0].src = cases[index];
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!+ "\v1" ?(e.returnValue = false ) :(e.preventDefault());
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images[0].src = cases[ "index" +aIndex];
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links[aBefore-1].className = "" ;
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links[aIndex-1].className = "hover" ;
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setTimeout(arguments.callee,1500)
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window.onload = function (){
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try {document.execCommand( "BackgroundImageCache" , false , true );} catch (e){};
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<!doctype html> <title>javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美</title> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <meta name="keywords" content="javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美" /> <meta name="description" content="javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美" /> <style type="text/css"> #album{/*相册*/ position:relative; width:400px; height:300px; border:10px solid #EFEFDA;/*相册边框*/ } #album dt {/*相册的内容显示区,包含相片与下面的翻页栏*/ margin:0;/*去除浏览器的默认设置*/ padding:0;/*去除浏览器的默认设置*/ width:400px; height:300px; overflow:hidden;/*重点,让每次只显示一张图片*/ } #album img { border:0px; } #album dd {/*翻页栏*/ position:absolute; right:0px; bottom:10px; } #album a { display:block;/*让其拥有盒子模型*/ float:left; margin-right:10px;/*错开格子*/ width:15px;/*呈正方形*/ height:15px; line-height:15px; text-align:center;/*居中显示*/ text-decoration:none;/*消除下划线*/ color:#808080; background:transparent url(http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_button.gif) no-repeat -15px 0; } #album a:hover ,#album a.hover{ color:#F8F8F8; background-position:0 0; } </style> <h4>javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美</h4> <dl id="album"> <dt> <img id="index1" alt="月光下的花瓣" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s001.jpg" /> <img id="index2" alt="清澈的湖水" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s002.jpg" /> <img id="index3" alt="荒漠上的植物" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s003.jpg" /> <img id="index4" alt="末日霓虹" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s004.jpg" /> <img id="index5" alt="绿·生意" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s005.jpg" /> <img id="index6" alt="又是收获的季节" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s006.jpg" /> </dt> <dd> <a href="#index1">1</a><a href="#index2">2</a><a href="#index3">3</a><a href="#index4">4</a><a href="#index5">5</a><a href="#index6">6</a> </dd> </dl> <script type="text/javascript"> function imageRotater(id){ var cases = "", album = document.getElementById(id), images = album.getElementsByTagName("img"), links = album.getElementsByTagName("a"), length = images.length, aIndex = 1, aBefore = length; for(var i=0;i< length;i++){ cases += images[i].id + ':"'+images[i].getAttribute("src")+'",' } images[0].style.cssText = "position:absolute;top:0;left:0;";//修正图片的位置错误问题 cases = eval("({"+cases.replace(/,$/,"")+"})"); //相当于switch-case代码块 for(var i=0;i<length;i++){ //实现点击切换图片 links[i].onclick = function(e){ e =e || window.event; var index = this.toString().split("#")[1]; aIndex = index.substr(-1); images[0].src = cases[index]; !+"\v1" ?(e.returnValue = false) :(e.preventDefault()); } } (function(){//实现自动轮换图片 setTimeout(function(){ if(aIndex > length){ aIndex = 1; } images[0].src = cases["index"+aIndex]; links[aBefore-1].className = ""; links[aIndex-1].className = "hover"; aBefore = aIndex; aIndex++; setTimeout(arguments.callee,1500) },1500) })() } window.onload = function(){ try{document.execCommand("BackgroundImageCache", false, true);}catch(e){}; imageRotater("album"); } </script>
运行代码
我们再增加一个信息栏,用来放置图片的alt值,并让它具有缓动效果。
var begin = parseFloat(el.style.bottom),
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el.style.bottom = el.bottom + speed + "px" ; //移动
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setTimeout(arguments.callee,25); //每移动一次停留25毫秒
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至于信息栏,其实只是一个动态生成的dd元素,我们把它插入到第一个dd元素之前,让其绝对定位,就可以用move()函数来移动它了。这些都很基础就不写出来了,看最终效果:
<!doctype html> <title>javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美</title> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <meta name="keywords" content="javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美" /> <meta name="description" content="javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美" /> <style type="text/css"> #album{/*相册*/ position:relative; width:400px; height:300px; border:10px solid #EFEFDA;/*相册边框*/ overflow:hidden;/*隐藏tip*/ } #album dt {/*相册的内容显示区,包含相片与下面的翻页栏*/ margin:0;/*去除浏览器的默认设置*/ padding:0;/*去除浏览器的默认设置*/ width:400px; height:300px; overflow:hidden;/*重点,让每次只显示一张图片*/ } #album img { border:0px; } #album dd {/*翻页栏*/ position:absolute; right:0px; bottom:10px; } #album a { display:block;/*让其拥有盒子模型*/ float:left; margin-right:10px;/*错开格子*/ width:15px;/*呈正方形*/ height:15px; line-height:15px; text-align:center;/*居中显示*/ text-decoration:none;/*消除下划线*/ color:#808080; background:transparent url(http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_button.gif) no-repeat -15px 0; } #album a:hover ,#album a.hover{ color:#F8F8F8; background-position:0 0; } </style> <h4>javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美</h4> <dl id="album"> <dt> <img id="index1" alt="月光下的花瓣" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s001.jpg" /> <img id="index2" alt="清澈的湖水" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s002.jpg" /> <img id="index3" alt="荒漠上的植物" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s003.jpg" /> <img id="index4" alt="末日霓虹" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s004.jpg" /> <img id="index5" alt="绿·生意" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s005.jpg" /> <img id="index6" alt="又是收获的季节" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s006.jpg" /> </dt> <dd> <a href="#index1">1</a><a href="#index2">2</a><a href="#index3">3</a><a href="#index4">4</a><a href="#index5">5</a><a href="#index6">6</a> </dd> </dl> <script type="text/javascript"> function imageRotater(id){ var cases = "", album = document.getElementById(id), images = album.getElementsByTagName("img"), links = album.getElementsByTagName("a"), dt = album.getElementsByTagName("dt")[0], length = images.length, aIndex = 1, aBefore = length; for(var i=0;i< length;i++){ cases += images[i].id + ':"'+images[i].getAttribute("src")+'",' } images[0].style.cssText = "position:absolute;top:0;left:0;";//修正图片的位置错误问题 var tip = document.createElement("dd"); tip.style.cssText = "position:absolute;bottom:0;height:20px;width:380px;padding:10px;color:#fff;background:#fff;"; album.insertBefore(tip,dt.nextSibling); if(!+"\v1"){ tip.style.color = "#369"; tip.style.filter = "alpha(opacity=67)" }else{ tip.style.cssText += "background: rgba(164, 173, 183, .65);" } cases = eval("({"+cases.replace(/,$/,"")+"})"); //相当于switch-case代码块 for(var i=0;i<length;i++){ //实现点击切换图片 links[i].onclick = function(e){ e =e || window.event; var index = this.toString().split("#")[1]; aIndex = index.substr(-1); images[0].src = cases[index]; tip.innerHTML = images[aIndex -1].getAttribute("alt"); !+"\v1" ?(e.returnValue = false) :(e.preventDefault()); } } var prefix = images[0].id.substr(0,images[0].id.length -1); (function(){//实现自动轮换图片 setTimeout(function(){ if(aIndex > length){ aIndex = 1; } images[0].src = cases[prefix+aIndex]; tip.innerHTML = images[aIndex -1].getAttribute("alt"); tip.style.bottom = "-40px"; links[aBefore-1].className = ""; links[aIndex-1].className = "hover"; aBefore = aIndex; aIndex++; move(tip); setTimeout(arguments.callee,1500) },1500) })() var move = function(el){ var begin = parseFloat(el.style.bottom), speed = 1; el.bottom = begin; (function(){ setTimeout(function(){ el.style.bottom = el.bottom + speed + "px";//移动 el.bottom += speed; speed *= 1.5;//下一次移动的距离 if(el.bottom >= 0){ el.style.bottom = "0px"; }else{ setTimeout(arguments.callee,25);//每移动一次停留25毫秒 } },25) })() } } window.onload = function(){ try{document.execCommand("BackgroundImageCache", false, true);}catch(e){}; imageRotater("album"); } </script>
运行代码
我们可以看得出在IE与标准浏览器中,信息栏的样式差别比较大。这是因为标准浏览器支持rgba这种背景透明文字不透明的效果,IE的透明滤镜不支持。想做到相同的效果,IE就要增加多一个元素来装载文字,比较麻烦。有兴趣的朋友可以自己实现一下。
据反应,在运行框2与3中,在IE浏览器下存在问题。我试了一下,果真如此。这是相当隐秘的bug。这问题是当我们点击翻页栏的按钮时,并不会如愿地切换到相应的图片,而是按对象为空的错误。控制图片切换主要是靠如下两条语句:
images[0].src = cases[index];
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images[0].src = cases[prefix+aIndex];
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而aIndex是由index计算出来的,经测试获取index的方式是没有问题,能正确获取锚点。
links[i].onclick = function (e){
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var index = this .toString().split( "#" )[1];
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因此报错的语句是计算aIndex的语句:
links[i].onclick = function (e){
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var index = this .toString().split( "#" )[1];
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aIndex = index.substr(-1); //★★罪魁祸首★★
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查了一下,substr方法不符合ECMA标准,不赞成使用。估计问题就出在这里了。我们换成以下方式计算aIndex就没问题了。
links[i].onclick = function (e){
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var index = this .toString().split( "#" )[1];
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aIndex = index.charAt(index.length-1); //☆☆☆☆
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<!doctype html> <title>javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美</title> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <meta name="keywords" content="javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美" /> <meta name="description" content="javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美" /> <style type="text/css"> #album{/*相册*/ position:relative; width:400px; height:300px; border:10px solid #EFEFDA;/*相册边框*/ overflow:hidden;/*隐藏tip*/ } #album dt {/*相册的内容显示区,包含相片与下面的翻页栏*/ margin:0;/*去除浏览器的默认设置*/ padding:0;/*去除浏览器的默认设置*/ width:400px; height:300px; overflow:hidden;/*重点,让每次只显示一张图片*/ } #album img { border:0px; } #album dd {/*翻页栏*/ position:absolute; right:0px; bottom:10px; } #album a { display:block;/*让其拥有盒子模型*/ float:left; margin-right:10px;/*错开格子*/ width:15px;/*呈正方形*/ height:15px; line-height:15px; text-align:center;/*居中显示*/ text-decoration:none;/*消除下划线*/ color:#808080; background:transparent url(http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_button.gif) no-repeat -15px 0; } #album a:hover ,#album a.hover{ color:#F8F8F8; background-position:0 0; } </style> <h4>javascript图片轮换 by 司徒正美</h4> <dl id="album"> <dt> <img id="index1" alt="月光下的花瓣" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s001.jpg" /> <img id="index2" alt="清澈的湖水" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s002.jpg" /> <img id="index3" alt="荒漠上的植物" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s003.jpg" /> <img id="index4" alt="末日霓虹" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s004.jpg" /> <img id="index5" alt="绿·生意" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s005.jpg" /> <img id="index6" alt="又是收获的季节" src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/rubylouvre/199042/o_s006.jpg" /> </dt> <dd> <a href="#index1">1</a><a href="#index2">2</a><a href="#index3">3</a><a href="#index4">4</a><a href="#index5">5</a><a href="#index6">6</a> </dd> </dl> <script type="text/javascript"> function imageRotater(id){ var cases = "", album = document.getElementById(id), images = album.getElementsByTagName("img"), links = album.getElementsByTagName("a"), dt = album.getElementsByTagName("dt")[0], length = images.length, aIndex = 1, aBefore = length; for(var i=0;i< length;i++){ cases += images[i].id + ':"'+images[i].getAttribute("src")+'",' } images[0].style.cssText = "position:absolute;top:0;left:0;";//修正图片的位置错误问题 var tip = document.createElement("dd"); tip.style.cssText = "position:absolute;bottom:0;height:20px;width:380px;padding:10px;color:#fff;background:#fff;"; album.insertBefore(tip,dt.nextSibling); if(!+"\v1"){ tip.style.color = "#369"; tip.style.filter = "alpha(opacity=67)" }else{ tip.style.cssText += "background: rgba(164, 173, 183, .65);" } cases = eval("({"+cases.replace(/,$/,"")+"})"); //相当于switch-case代码块 for(var i=0;i<length;i++){ //实现点击切换图片 links[i].onclick = function(e){ e =e || window.event; var index = this.toString().split("#")[1]; aIndex = index.charAt(index.length-1);//☆☆☆☆ images[0].src = cases[index]; tip.innerHTML = images[aIndex -1].getAttribute("alt"); !+"\v1" ?(e.returnValue = false) :(e.preventDefault()); } } var prefix = images[0].id.substr(0,images[0].id.length -1); (function(){//实现自动轮换图片 setTimeout(function(){ if(aIndex > length){ aIndex = 1; } images[0].src = cases[prefix+aIndex]; tip.innerHTML = images[aIndex -1].getAttribute("alt"); tip.style.bottom = "-40px"; links[aBefore-1].className = ""; links[aIndex-1].className = "hover"; aBefore = aIndex; aIndex++; move(tip); setTimeout(arguments.callee,1500) },1500) })() var move = function(el){ var begin = parseFloat(el.style.bottom), speed = 1; el.bottom = begin; (function(){ setTimeout(function(){ el.style.bottom = el.bottom + speed + "px";//移动 el.bottom += speed; speed *= 1.5;//下一次移动的距离 if(el.bottom >= 0){ el.style.bottom = "0px"; }else{ setTimeout(arguments.callee,25);//每移动一次停留25毫秒 } },25) })() } } window.onload = function(){ try{document.execCommand("BackgroundImageCache", false, true);}catch(e){}; imageRotater("album"); } </script>
运行代码