不知不觉已经加入CSDN很久了，但从来没有发过文章，最近开发了一个小工具踩了很多坑，主要是QT操作大数据Excel文件，现在和大家分享一下。

查阅了大部分资料，大数据读写excel文件用QAxObject对象最快，借鉴了一些读写excel文件的demo，所以本文也采用了这种方法。

对于代码的解释，大部分我都写在注释里了，有不明白或者建议的话，欢迎大家提出来。

话不多说，上代码。

完整项目代码GitHub地址：https://github.com/ChinaSweetMilk/qtexcel

读写单元格时，常用以下这种方法：

// 根据行号、列号读取某个单元格内容
QAxObject* pCell = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Cells(int, int)", iirow, icolumn);
QString    strCell = pCell->property("Value").toString();// 根据行列值读取某个单元格内容
QAxObject* pCell = pWorksheet->querySubObject("Range(QString)", strnumber);
QString    strCell = pCell->property("Value").toString();// 根据行号、列号写入某个单元格内容
QAxObject* pCell = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Cells(int, int)", irow, icolumn);
QString    pCell->setProperty("Value", strvalue);// 根据行列值读取某个单元格内容
QAxObject* pCell = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Range(QString)", strnumber);
QString    pCell->setProperty("Value", strvalue);

读取单个单元格内容时，可以使用以上方法，一秒大概能读写200行左右。但是需要大量读写单元格时，以上方法将会变得十分缓慢，所以这时需要用到QVariant，一次读取或写入整个工作表。采用以下方法，能将效率大大提高，一万行大概500毫秒。这个版本还没采用多线程读写，后面加入效率还可以提高。

以下是一次读取工作表全部内容的方法：

void ExcelOperator::readAll(QList<QList<QVariant> > &res)
{QVariant var;if (m_pWorksheet != NULL && ! m_pWorksheet->isNull()){// 获取该sheet的数据范围QAxObject * ax_usedRange = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");if(NULL == ax_usedRange || ax_usedRange->isNull()){return;}// 获取该sheet的数据内容var = ax_usedRange->dynamicCall("Value");delete ax_usedRange;}this->castVariant2ListListVariant(var, res);return;
}void ExcelOperator::castVariant2ListListVariant(const QVariant &var, QList<QList<QVariant> > &res)
{QVariantList varRows = var.toList();if(varRows.isEmpty()){return;}const int rowCount = varRows.size();QVariantList rowData;for(int i=0;i<rowCount;++i){rowData = varRows[i].toList();res.push_back(rowData);}
}

以下是一次写入工作表全部内容的方法：

bool ExcelOperator::writeCurrentSheet(const QList<QList<QVariant> > &cells)
{if(cells.size() <= 0)return false;if(NULL == this->m_pWorksheet || this->m_pWorksheet->isNull())return false;// 获取写入内容行数int irow = cells.size();// 获取写入内容列数int icol = cells.at(0).size();QString strRang;// 获取写入矩形内容最右边列标识convertToColName(icol, strRang);// 获取写入矩形内容最右边右下角单元格标识strRang += QString::number(irow);// 获取写入矩形内容写入范围strRang = "A2:" + strRang;qDebug()<< strRang;QAxObject *range = this->m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Range(const QString&)", strRang);if(NULL == range || range->isNull()){return false;}bool succ = false;QVariant var;castListListVariant2Variant(cells,var);// 将数据写入到sheetsucc = range->setProperty("Value", var);delete range;return succ;
}void ExcelOperator::castListListVariant2Variant(const QList<QList<QVariant> > &listcells, QVariant &varres)
{QVariantList vars;const int rows = listcells.size();for(int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){vars.append(QVariant(listcells[i]));}varres = QVariant(vars);
}void ExcelOperator::convertToColName(int idata, QString &strres)
{Q_ASSERT(idata > 0 && idata<65535);int tempData = idata / 26;if(tempData > 0){int mode = idata % 26;convertToColName(mode, strres);convertToColName(tempData, strres);}else{strres = (to26AlphabetString(idata)+ strres);}
}// 数字转换为26字母
QString ExcelOperator::to26AlphabetString(int idata)
{QChar ch = idata + 0x40; // A对应0x41return QString(ch);
}

一、简单应用demo

ExcelOperator * pexceloperator = new ExcelOperator;
QString strfilename = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, tr("选择配置文件！"),".",tr("excel文件(*.xlsx)"));qDebug()<< "filename : " << QDir::toNativeSeparators(strfilename);pexceloperator->open(QDir::toNativeSeparators(strfilename));if(!pexceloperator->setSheet(1))
{QMessageBox::warning(this,QString(tr("错误")),QString(tr("读取文件失败！")));
}
else
{QMessageBox::information(NULL, "提示","成功读取文件", QMessageBox::Yes);
}QList<QList<QVariant> > listsheet;// 读取sheet1全部内容
this->pexceloperator->readAll(listsheet);QList< QList<QVariant> > listdatas;for(int iEquipmentPos = 0; iEquipmentPos < 10000; iEquipmentPos++)
{// 当前行内容QList<QVariant> listrows;for(unsigned int iPosRows = 0; iPosRows < 100; iPosRows++){// setCell(irowpos, 1, iEquipmentPos * iPosRows);listrows.append(iEquipmentPos * iPosRows);}// 将这行内容添加到列表listIDdatas.append(listrows);
}// 将所有内容写入到sheet文件
this->writeCurrentSheet(listdatas);// 保存并关闭工作表
pexceloperator->close();delete pexceloperator;

二、excelOperator.h

#ifndef EXCELOPERATOR_H
#define EXCELOPERATOR_H#include <QObject>
#include <ActiveQt/QAxObject>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QDir>
#include <QMap>
#include "equipment.h"class ExcelOperator : public QObject
{Q_OBJECT
public:explicit ExcelOperator(QObject *parent = nullptr);~ExcelOperator();//打开文件bool open(QString strpath);//关闭文件bool close();// 获取工作表数量int getSheetsCount();// 获取工作表路径QString getPath();// 根据名称创建工作表bool addSheet(QString strname);// 根据名称删除工作表bool delSheet(QString strname);//根据编号删除工作表bool delSheet(int iindex);// 根据名称设置工作表bool setSheet(QString strname);// 根据序号设置工作表bool setSheet(int iindex);//根据名称获取工作表QAxObject* getSheet(QString strname);//根据编号获取工作表QAxObject* getSheet(int iindex);//获取行对象QAxObject* getRows();//获取行数int getRowsCount();//获取列对象QAxObject* getColumns();//获取列数int getColumnsCount();//根据行列值获取单元格值, 如: 3行，5列QString getCell(int irow, int icolumn);//根据行列编号获取单元格值, 如: "F6"QString getCell(QString strnumber);//根据行列值设置单元格值bool setCell(int irow, int icolumn, QString strvalue);//根据行列编号设置单元格值bool setCell(QString strnumber, QString strvalue);// 一次读取sheet的全部内容void readAll(QList<QList<QVariant> > &res);// 一次写入sheet的全部内容bool writeCurrentSheet(const QList<QList<QVariant> > &cells);// 把QVariant转为QList<QList<QVariant>>void castVariant2ListListVariant(const QVariant &var, QList<QList<QVariant> > &res);// 把QList<QList<QVariant>>转为QVariantvoid castListListVariant2Variant(const QList<QList<QVariant> > &cells, QVariant &res);// 把列数转换为excel的字母列号void convertToColName(int idata, QString &res);// 数字转换为26字母QString to26AlphabetString(int idata);signals:public slots:
private:QAxObject*      m_pExcel;QAxObject*      m_pWorkbooks;QAxObject*      m_pWorkbook;QAxObject*      m_pWorksheets;QAxObject*      m_pWorksheet;QString         m_strPath;
};
#endif // EXCELOPERATOR_H

三、excelOperator.cpp

#include "exceloperator.h"
#include <objbase.h>
#include <QDebug>ExcelOperator::ExcelOperator(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent), m_pExcel(NULL), m_pWorkbooks(NULL), m_pWorkbook(NULL), m_pWorksheets(NULL), m_pWorksheet(NULL)
{m_pExcel = new(std::nothrow) QAxObject();m_pExcel->setControl("Excel.Application");m_pExcel->dynamicCall("SetVisible(bool)", false); // true 表示操作文件时可见，false表示为不可见m_pExcel->setProperty("DisplayAlerts", false); // 设置不显示任何警告信息m_pWorkbooks = m_pExcel->querySubObject("WorkBooks");
}ExcelOperator::~ExcelOperator()
{
//    close();m_pExcel->dynamicCall("Quit()");delete m_pExcel;m_pExcel = NULL;
}bool ExcelOperator::open(QString strpath)
{m_strPath = strpath;CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED); // 为当前线程初始化COM库并设置并发模式if (NULL == m_pExcel){qCritical()<<"创建Excel对象失败...";return false;}try{// 按文件路径打开文件m_pWorkbook = m_pWorkbooks->querySubObject("Open(QString&)", m_strPath);// 获取打开的excel文件中所有的工作sheetm_pWorksheets = m_pWorkbook->querySubObject("WorkSheets");} catch (...){qCritical()<<"打开文件失败...";return false;}return true;
}bool ExcelOperator::close()
{qDebug()<<"excel close...";if (m_pExcel){qDebug()<<"closing...";QDir::toNativeSeparators(m_strPath));m_pWorkbook->dynamicCall("Save()");m_pWorkbook->dynamicCall("Close()");}return true;
}int ExcelOperator::getSheetsCount()
{int icount =  0;icount = m_pWorksheets->property("Count").toInt();return icount;
}QString ExcelOperator::getPath()
{return m_strPath;
}bool ExcelOperator::addSheet(QString strname)
{QAxObject *pWorkSheet = NULL;try{int icount = m_pWorksheets->property("Count").toInt();  //获取工作表数目QAxObject *pLastSheet = m_pWorksheets->querySubObject("Item(int)", icount);pWorkSheet = m_pWorksheets->querySubObject("Add(QVariant)", pLastSheet->asVariant());pLastSheet->dynamicCall("Move(QVariant)", pWorkSheet->asVariant());pWorkSheet->setProperty("Name", strname);  //设置工作表名称m_pWorkbook->dynamicCall("Save()");delete pWorkSheet;pWorkSheet = NULL;}catch (...){qCritical()<<"创建sheet失败...";return false;}if(pWorkSheet){delete pWorkSheet;pWorkSheet = NULL;}return true;
}bool ExcelOperator::delSheet(QString strname)
{try {QAxObject *pFirstSheet = m_pWorksheets->querySubObject("Item(QString)", strname);pFirstSheet->dynamicCall("delete");} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"删除sheet失败...";return false;}return true;
}bool ExcelOperator::delSheet(int iindex)
{try {QAxObject *pFirstSheet = m_pWorksheets->querySubObject("Item(int)", iindex);pFirstSheet->dynamicCall("delete");} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"删除sheet失败...";return false;}return true;
}bool ExcelOperator::setSheet(QString strname)
{try {m_pWorksheet = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Item(QString)", strname);} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取sheet失败...";return false;}return true;
}bool ExcelOperator::setSheet(int iindex)
{// 获取当前工作簿的表数量int isheetcounts = this->getSheetsCount();// 如果要设置的表不在当前工作簿的范围，则创建该表if(iindex > isheetcounts){QString strsheetname = "Sheet" + QString::number(iindex);if(!this->addSheet(strsheetname)){return false;}}try {m_pWorksheet = m_pWorksheets->querySubObject("Item(int)", iindex);} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取sheet失败...";return false;}return true;
}QAxObject* ExcelOperator::getSheet(QString strname)
{QAxObject* pWorkSheet = NULL;try {pWorkSheet = m_pWorksheets->querySubObject("Item(QString)", strname);} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取sheet失败...";}return pWorkSheet;
}QAxObject* ExcelOperator::getSheet(int iindex)
{QAxObject* pWorkSheet = NULL;try {pWorkSheet = m_pWorksheets->querySubObject("Item(int)", iindex);} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取sheet失败...";}return pWorkSheet;
}QAxObject* ExcelOperator::getRows()
{QAxObject* pRows = NULL;try {QAxObject* pUsedRange = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");pRows = pUsedRange->querySubObject("Rows");} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取行失败...";}return pRows;
}int ExcelOperator::getRowsCount()
{int irows = 0;try {QAxObject* pUsedRange = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");QAxObject* pRows = pUsedRange->querySubObject("Rows");irows = pRows->property("Count").toInt();} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取行数失败...";return 0;}return irows;
}QAxObject* ExcelOperator::getColumns()
{QAxObject* pColumns = NULL;try {QAxObject* pUsedRange = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");pColumns = pUsedRange->querySubObject("Columns");} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取列失败...";}return pColumns;
}int ExcelOperator::getColumnsCount()
{int icolumns = 0;try {QAxObject* pUsedRange = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");QAxObject* pColumns = pUsedRange->querySubObject("Columns");;icolumns = pColumns->property("Count").toInt();} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取列数失败...";return 0;}return icolumns;
}QString ExcelOperator::getCell(int iirow, int icolumn)
{QString strCell = "";try {QAxObject* pCell = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Cells(int, int)", iirow, icolumn);strCell = pCell->property("Value").toString();} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取单元格信息失败...";}return strCell;
}QString ExcelOperator::getCell(QString strnumber)
{QString strCell = "";try {QAxObject* pCell = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Range(QString)", strnumber);strCell = pCell->property("Value").toString();} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"获取单元格信息失败...";}return strCell;
}bool ExcelOperator::setCell(int irow, int icolumn, QString strvalue)
{try {QAxObject* pCell = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Cells(int, int)", irow, icolumn);pCell->setProperty("Value", strvalue);} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"写入单元格信息失败...";return false;}return true;
}bool ExcelOperator::setCell(QString strnumber, QString strvalue)
{try {QAxObject* pCell = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Range(QString)", strnumber);pCell->setProperty("Value", strvalue);} catch (...) {qCritical()<<"写入单元格信息失败...";return false;}return true;
}void ExcelOperator::readAll(QList<QList<QVariant> > &res)
{QVariant var;if (m_pWorksheet != NULL && ! m_pWorksheet->isNull()){// 获取该sheet的数据范围QAxObject * ax_usedRange = m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("UsedRange");if(NULL == ax_usedRange || ax_usedRange->isNull()){return;}// 获取该sheet的数据内容var = ax_usedRange->dynamicCall("Value");delete ax_usedRange;}this->castVariant2ListListVariant(var, res);return;
}bool ExcelOperator::writeCurrentSheet(const QList<QList<QVariant> > &cells)
{if(cells.size() <= 0)return false;if(NULL == this->m_pWorksheet || this->m_pWorksheet->isNull())return false;// 获取写入内容行数int irow = cells.size();// 获取写入内容列数int icol = cells.at(0).size();QString strRang;// 获取写入矩形内容最右边列标识this->convertToColName(icol, strRang);// 获取写入矩形内容最右边右下角单元格标识strRang += QString::number(irow);// 获取写入矩形内容写入范围strRang = "A2:" + strRang;qDebug()<< strRang;QAxObject *range = this->m_pWorksheet->querySubObject("Range(const QString&)", strRang);if(NULL == range || range->isNull()){return false;}bool succ = false;QVariant var;this->castListListVariant2Variant(cells, var);// 将数据写入到sheetsucc = range->setProperty("Value", var);delete range;return succ;
}void ExcelOperator::castVariant2ListListVariant(const QVariant &var, QList<QList<QVariant> > &res)
{QVariantList varRows = var.toList();if(varRows.isEmpty()){return;}const int rowCount = varRows.size();QVariantList rowData;for(int i=0;i<rowCount;++i){rowData = varRows[i].toList();res.push_back(rowData);}
}void ExcelOperator::castListListVariant2Variant(const QList<QList<QVariant> > &listcells, QVariant &varres)
{QVariantList vars;const int rows = listcells.size();for(int i = 0; i < rows; ++i){vars.append(QVariant(listcells[i]));}varres = QVariant(vars);
}void ExcelOperator::convertToColName(int idata, QString &strres)
{Q_ASSERT(idata > 0 && idata<65535);int tempData = idata / 26;if(tempData > 0){int mode = idata % 26;this->convertToColName(mode, strres);this->convertToColName(tempData, strres);}else{strres = (to26AlphabetString(idata)+ strres);}
}// 数字转换为26字母
QString ExcelOperator::to26AlphabetString(int idata)
{QChar ch = idata + 0x40; // A对应0x41return QString(ch);
}

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QT 利用QAxObject大数据读写excel文件

不知不觉已经加入CSDN很久了，但从来没有发过文章，最近开发了一个小工具踩了很多坑，主要是QT操作大数据Excel文件，现在和大家分享一下。

查阅了大部分资料，大数据读写excel文件用QAxObject对象最快，借鉴了一些读写excel文件的demo，所以本文也采用了这种方法。

对于代码的解释，大部分我都写在注释里了，有不明白或者建议的话，欢迎大家提出来。

话不多说，上代码。

QT 利用QAxObject大数据读写excel文件相关推荐

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