说明：

蓝色字体是终端上输出的文字；

红色字体是我们输入的指令；

先把步骤写上，免得看我下面叙述感到啰嗦：

一 CPAN

$cpan

cpan>install Tkx

???感觉安装很慢，那就配置下

capn>o conf urllist push http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/

上面的那个镜像是国内的，国内还有其他镜像，参考http://blog.csdn.net/q1241580040/article/details/47671873

cpan>o conf commit

得到：commit: wrote '/Users/xxxxxx/.cpan/CPAN/MyConfig.pm'

请看你自己的MyConfig.pm的路径

然后打开.pm文件，找到最后有个urllist=[...]的，

然后可以把那些网址删除，再把国内网站的添加上，保存退出，再次安装模块，再也不需要等待。。。。。

有参考：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-3610007-1-1.html

二 CPANPLUS

使用CPANPLUS的话,就能自动给依赖的模块也装好

cpan>install CPANPLUS

$cpanp

CPAN Terminal>s reconfigure

7> Select mirrors

Section to configure: [1]:7

1> Mirror

Please choose an option [1]:1

2> Asia

Pick a continent [2]:2

1> ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

2> ftp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

3> ftp://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

4> http://cpan.communilink.net

5> http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

6> http://mirrors.163.com

7> http://mirrors.devlib.org

8> http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn

9> http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn

10> http://mirrors.sohu.com

11> http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

12> http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

13> rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

14> rsync://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

15> Custom

16> View

17> Up

18> Quit

Please pick a site:  :6 10 8 11

18> Quit

Please pick a site:  :18

9> Save & exit

Section to configure: [1]:9 

安装模块

CPAN Terminal>i CSS

你没看错就是i＋模块名完成～～～～～

详情参看：http://www.php-oa.com/2010/02/04/cpanplus-per.html

如安装完成，就没必要再看下面的啰嗦：

1.CPAN

Mac os下通过CPAN安装第三方模块很方便，只需要：

xxxxxx:~ xxxxx$cpan

Terminal does not support AddHistory.

cpan shell -- CPAN exploration and modules installation (v2.00)

Enter 'h' for help.

cpan[1]>install [module_name]

。。。。。。。。

但这时你通常感觉安装会很慢甚至卡住一样，最后可能告诉你timeout什么的结束，反正是安装特别不爽。

当我注意到CPAN安装时资源是从国外的镜像上抓取的，参看下面的浅蓝位置：

Fetching with LWP:

http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/authors/id/R/RU/RUBYKAT/SQLite-Work-0.16.tar.gz

这里是http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/，是因为我设置过，通常默认的是国外网站，你可对比下

这时我想起CPAN在中国有很多的镜像网站在上面下载资源很快，那有没有方法直接从中国的镜像下下载呢，然后我就搜了下，参考了：

http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-3610007-1-1.html

里面的回答，然后自己设置下：

xxxxx:~ xxxx$cpan

Terminal does not support AddHistory.

cpan shell -- CPAN exploration and modules installation (v2.00)

Enter 'h' for help.

cpan[1]>o conf help

Known options:

commit    commit session changes to disk

defaults  reload default config values from disk

help      this help

init      enter a dialog to set all or a set of parameters

Edit key values as in the following (the "o" is a literal letter o):

o conf build_cache 15

o conf build_dir "/foo/bar"

o conf urllist shift

o conf urllist unshift ftp://ftp.foo.bar/

o conf inhibit_startup_message 1

cpan[2]>o conf urllist push http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/

Please use 'o conf commit' to make the config permanent!

cpan[3]>o conf commit

commit: wrote '/Users/xxxxxx/.cpan/CPAN/MyConfig.pm'

也看到提示了保存到了我的个人文件夹的config中

再次进入cpan，当你欣喜万千再次安装模块时，可发现还是从原来那个镜像抓取，注意到Myconfig.pm这个文件，然后通过上面提供的路径打开Myconfig.pm，找到最后几行，有个

'urllist' =>......的，会看到刚才加入的163的镜像在最后，而它是默认从第一个镜像使用的，除非前面一个镜像查不到这个模块才会轮到下一个，而这种情况又是极少见的，所以把163的网址，放到第一个就ok了，保存退出，再次安装你会看到安装信息满屏滚动你会心潮澎湃的，哈哈～～～

2.CPANPLUS

因为我曾配置过，所以显示步骤有可能有差异，请自己斟酌

xxxx:~ xxxx$cpanp

CPANPLUS::Shell::Default -- CPAN exploration and module installation (v0.9154)

*** Please report bugs to <bug-cpanplus@rt.cpan.org>.

*** Using CPANPLUS::Backend v0.9154.

*** ReadLine support available (try 'i Term::ReadLine::Perl').

*** Type 'p' now to show start up log

Did you know...

You can run an interactive setup using 's reconfigure'

CPAN Terminal>s reconfigure

=================>      MAIN MENU       <=================

Welcome to the CPANPLUS configuration. Please select which

parts you wish to configure

Defaults are taken from your current configuration.

If you would save now, your settings would be written to:

CPANPLUS::Config::User

1> Select Configuration file

2> Setup CLI Programs

3> Setup CPANPLUS Home directory

4> Setup FTP/Email settings

5> Setup basic preferences

6> Setup installer settings

7> Select mirrors

8> Edit configuration file

9> Save & exit

10> Quit without saving

Section to configure: [1]:7

You can select VIEW to see your current selection and QUIT when you

are done.

1> Mirror

2> Custom

3> View

4> Quit

Please choose an option [1]:1

Now, we are going to fetch the mirror list for first-time configurations.

This may take a while...

1> Africa

2> Asia

3> Europe

4> North America

5> Oceania

6> South America

7> Custom

8> Up

9> Quit

Pick a continent [2]:2

You can enter multiple sites by separating them by a space.

For example:

1 4 2 5

1> ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

2> ftp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

3> ftp://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

4> http://cpan.communilink.net

5> http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

6> http://mirrors.163.com

7> http://mirrors.devlib.org

8> http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn

9> http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn

10> http://mirrors.sohu.com

11> http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

12> http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

13> rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

14> rsync://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

15> Custom

16> View

17> Up

18> Quit

Please pick a site:  :6 10 8 11

Selected http://mirrors.163.com              0 hosts selected thus far.

Selected http://mirrors.sohu.com             0 hosts selected thus far.

Selected http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn          0 hosts selected thus far.

Selected http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn          0 hosts selected thus far.

You can enter multiple sites by separating them by a space.

For example:

1 4 2 5

1> ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

2> ftp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

3> ftp://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

4> http://cpan.communilink.net

5> http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

6> http://mirrors.163.com

7> http://mirrors.devlib.org

8> http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn

9> http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn

10> http://mirrors.sohu.com

11> http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

12> http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

13> rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

14> rsync://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn

15> Custom

16> View

17> Up

18> Quit

Please pick a site:  :18

Your host configuration has been saved

=================>      MAIN MENU       <=================

Welcome to the CPANPLUS configuration. Please select which

parts you wish to configure

Defaults are taken from your current configuration.

If you would save now, your settings would be written to:

CPANPLUS::Config::User

1> Select Configuration file

2> Setup CLI Programs

3> Setup CPANPLUS Home directory

4> Setup FTP/Email settings

5> Setup basic preferences

6> Setup installer settings

7> Select mirrors

8> Edit configuration file

9> Save & exit

10> Quit without saving

Section to configure: [1]:9

Quitting setup, changes are saved to 'CPANPLUS::Config::User'

CPANPLUS 使用

1. CPANPLUS 中安装模块,按i:

2. CPANPLUS 中删除模块,按u:

3. CPANPLUS 中查找模块,按m:

4. CPANPLUS 中查找作者的模块,按a:

5. CPANPLUS 中更新所有有新版本的模块,按下o:

6. 没事也可以更新 CPANPLUS 自己:

还有很多小功能,以后可能会用这个换掉CPANPLUS本身

可以按e来加入目录到@INC,可以按x来更新index.