实现RT3070无线网卡STA模式并使开发板接入Wifi上网

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主机操作系统：Centos 6.7
交叉编译器环境：arm-linux-gcc-4.5.4
开发板平台： FL2440
Linux内核版本： linux-3.0
开发模块： SIM900 WiFI-STA模式
邮箱：leiyuxing205@gmail.com
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STA模式：笔记本上无线网卡模式，用来连接到无线路由器上上网。通俗点说，就是客户端模式(笔记本)

所以我们的驱动有两种，分别支持无来线网卡工作在STA模式和AP模式。因为linux3.0以上的内核中已经含有了RT3070的通用mac80211驱动框架，所以我首先直接基于此并借助wpa_suppicant软件来实现Wifi的STA模式。

一、配置Linux内核支持wireless无线上网

[*] Networking support --->
-*- Wireless --->
<*> cfg80211 - wireless configuration API
[ ] nl80211 testmode command
[ ] enable developer warnings
[ ] cfg80211 regulatory debugging
   [*] enable powersave by default
[ ] cfg80211 DebugFS entries
[*] cfg80211 wireless extensions compatibility
[*] Wireless extensions sysfs files
{*} Common routines for IEEE802.11 drivers
[ ] lib80211 debugging messages
<*> Generic IEEE 802.11 Networking Stack (mac80211)
Default rate control algorithm (Minstrel) --->
[ ] Enable mac80211 mesh networking (pre-802.11s) support
[ ] Export mac80211 internals in DebugFS
[ ] Select mac80211 debugging features --->
Device Drivers --->
Generic Driver Options --->
(/sbin/hotplug) path to uevent helper
[ ] Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev
[ ] Select only drivers that don't need compile-time external firmware
[ ] Prevent firmware from being built
-*- Userspace firmware loading support
    [*] Include in-kernel firmware blobs in kernel binary
() External firmware blobs to build into the kernel binary
[ ] Driver Core verbose debug messages
[ ] Managed device resources verbose debug messages
  [*] Network device support --->
[*] Wireless LAN --->
<*> Ralink driver support --->
< > Ralink rt2500 (USB) support
< > Ralink rt2501/rt73 (USB) support
<*> Ralink rt27xx/rt28xx/rt30xx (USB) support
[ ] rt2800usb - Include support for rt33xx devices
[ ] rt2800usb - Include support for rt35xx devices (EXPERIMENTAL)
[ ] rt2800usb - Include support for rt53xx devices (EXPERIMENTAL)
[ ] rt2800usb - Include support for unknown (USB) devices
[*] Ralink debug output

二.资源下载无线网络配置工具Wireless tools和Wpa_supplicant以及Openssl移植

===================================================================

目前可以使用wireless-tools或wpa_supplicant工具来配置无线网络。但要注意对无线网络的配置是全局性的，而非针对具体的接口。wpa_supplicant是一个较好的选择，但缺点是它不支持所有的驱动。另外，wpa_supplicant目前只能连接到那些你已经配置好ESSID的无线网络。而wireless-tools支持几乎所有的无线网卡和驱动，但它不能连接到那些只支持WPA的AP。

===================================================================

1 . 1 Wireless tools移植

wireless_tools.29.tar.gz

http://download.csdn.net/detail/u010944778/8916883

1.2解压

#tar zxvf wireless_tools.29.tar.gz#cd wireless_tools.29

1.3修改Makefile

11 ## Compiler to use (modify this for cross compile).
12 CC = /opt/buildroot-2012.08/arm920t/usr/bin/arm-linux-gcc
13 ## Other tools you need to modify for cross compile (static lib only).
14 AR = /opt/buildroot-2012.08/arm920t/usr/bin/arm-linux-ar
15 RANLIB = /opt/buildroot-2012.08/arm920t/usr/bin/arm-linux-ranlib

1.4编译

[leiyuxing@centos6 wireless_tools.29]$ ls19-udev-ifrename.rules  iwconfig.o  iwlist.o       sample_pm.cCHANGELOG.h             iwevent     iwmulticall.c  sample_priv_addr.cCOPYING           iwevent.8   iwpriv         udev.import_devpath.diffcs                      iwevent.c   iwpriv.8       wireless.10.hDISTRIBUTIONS.txt       iwevent.d   iwpriv.c       wireless.11.hfr                      iwevent.o   iwpriv.d       wireless.12.hHOTPLUG.txt             iwgetid     iwpriv.o       wireless.13.hifrename                iwgetid.8   iwspy         wireless.14.hifrename.8              iwgetid.c   iwspy.8        wireless.15.hifrename.c              iwgetid.d   iwspy.c        wireless.16.hifrename.d              iwgetid.o   iwspy.d        wireless.17.hifrename.o              iwlib.c     iwspy.o        wireless.18.hIFRENAME-VS-XXX.txt     iwlib.d     libiw.so.29    wireless.19.hiftab.5                 iwlib.h     macaddr.c      wireless.20.hINSTALL                 iwlib.so    Makefile       wireless.21.hiwconfig                iwlist     PCMCIA.txt     wireless.22.hiwconfig.8              iwlist.8    README         wireless.7iwconfig.c              iwlist.c    README.fr      wireless.hiwconfig.d              iwlist.d    sample_enc.c

1.5拷贝

将生成的命令工具:iwlist、iwconfig、iwpriv，libiw.so.29 等拷贝到目标板上，路径为:分别把他们放到开发板的/bin和/lib目录下,并赋予权限

chmod 777 iw* libiw.so.29

2.Openssl工具移植

===================================================================

现在的wifi网络肯定都是加密的。而大多都是WPA加密，所以wpa_supplicant对我们来说除了配置无线网络的需求之外，它更主要是用来支持WEP，WPA/WPA2和WAPI无线协议和加密认证的。而要加密就要使用到相关的加密算法，常用的密钥等，所以我们要先移植Openssl工具再移植wpa-supplicant。因为后面编译wpa_supplicant要依赖openssl中的lib和include

===================================================================

2.1下载openssl驱动源码

Openssl-0.9.8i

http://download.csdn.net/detail/u010944778/8918317

2 .2解压后创建指定的安装目录

[leiyuxing@centos6 openssl-0.9.8i]$ mkdir install

2.3修改Makefile

29INSTALLTOP=/home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0/openssl-0.9.8i/install//指定ssl的安装目录
32 OPENSSLDIR=/home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0/openssl-0.9.8i/install
62 CC= /opt/buildroot-2012.08/arm920t/usr/bin/arm-linux-gcc
69 AR= /opt/buildroot-2012.08/arm920t/usr/bin/arm-linux-ar $(ARFLAGS) r
70 RANLIB= /opt/buildroot-2012.08/arm920t/usr/bin/arm-linux-ranlib

2.4编译

[leiyuxing@centos6 openssl-0.9.8i]$sudo make[leiyuxing@centos6 openssl-0.9.8i]$sudo make install

并拷贝libcrypto.a ； libssl.a到开发板的/lib下

3.wpa_supplicant驱动移植

3.1下载wpa_supplicant源码

wpa_supplicant-0.7.3.tar.gz

http://download.csdn.net/detail/u010944778/8918325

3.2解压后修改.config配置文件

[leiyuxing@centos6 wpa_supplicant-0.7.3]$ lsCOPYING  patches  README  src  wpa_supplicant[leiyuxing@centos6 wpa_supplicant-0.7.3]$ cd wpa_supplicant/[leiyuxing@centos6 wpa_supplicant]$ cp defconfig .config[leiyuxing@centos6 wpa_supplicant]$ vim .config

27 #CC=/opt/brcm/hndtools-mipsel-uclibc/bin/mipsel-uclibc-gcc
28 CC =/opt/buildroot-2012.08/arm920t/usr/bin/arm-linux-gcc -L/home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0/openssl-0.9.8i/install/lib
29 #CFLAGS += -Os
30 CFLAGS +=-I/home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0/openssl-0.9.8i/install/include
31 #CPPFLAGS += -I../src/include -I../../src/router/openssl/include
32 #LIBS += -L/opt/brcm/hndtools-mipsel-uclibc-0.9.19/lib -lssl
33 LIBS += -L/home/leiyuxing/fl2440/kernel/linux-3.0/openssl-0.9.8i/install/lib

[leiyuxing@centos6 wpa_supplicant]$ make

然后将wpa_cli，wpa_supplicant，wpa_passphrase拷贝到开发板的/bin目录下切记wpa_cli，wpa_supplicant，wpa_passphrase都要给777权限！！！！

三.插上RT2070无线网卡并加载新内核启动

>内核信息打印部分

>: usb 1-1.2: new full speed USB device number 3 using s3c2410-ohciphy0 -> rt2x00_set_chip: Info - Chipset detected - rt: 3070, rf: 0005, rev: 0201.

>使用lsusb命令查看：

>: lsusbBus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001Bus 001 Device 002: ID 05e3:0606Bus 001 Device 003: ID 148f:3070

>如果是热插拔的话会，在插入的那一刻，串口会打印如下信息：

>: usb 1-1.2: USB disconnect, device number 3usb 1-1.2: new full speed USB device number 4 using s3c2410-ohciphy1 -> rt2x00_set_chip: Info - Chipset detected - rt: 3070, rf: 0005, rev: 0201.

>ifconfig查看网卡信息

>: ifconfig wlan0wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:A1:B0:40:6E:F7  BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

第一行：连接类型：Ethernet（以太网）HWaddr（硬件mac地址）
第三行：MULTICAST（支持组播）MTU:1500（最大传输单元）：1500字节
第四、五行：接收、发送数据包情况统计
第七行：接收、发送数据字节数统计信息

>使能RT3070无线网卡模块

>: cd lib/>: mkdir firmware>: cd firmware/>: tftp -gr rt2870.bin 192.168.1.2rt2870.bin           100% |*******************************|  8192   0:00:00 ETA>:  ifconfig wlan0 upphy1 -> rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Loading firmware file 'rt2870.bin'.phy1 -> rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Firmware detected - version: 0.36.phy1 -> rt2x00mac_conf_tx: Info - Configured TX queue 0 - CWmin: 3, CWmax: 4, Aifs: 2, TXop: 102.phy1 -> rt2x00mac_conf_tx: Info - Configured TX queue 1 - CWmin: 4, CWmax: 5, Aifs: 2, TXop: 188.phy1 -> rt2x00mac_conf_tx: Info - Configured TX queue 2 - CWmin: 5, CWmax: 10, Aifs: 3, TXop: 0.phy1 -> rt2x00mac_conf_tx: Info - Configured TX queue 3 - CWmin: 5, CWmax: 10, Aifs: 7, TXop: 0.

四．启动RT3070无线模块连接路由器

>: cd apps/>: ls>:mkdir etc>:cd etc>:mkdir wireless>:cd wireless

在开发板上输入命令：wpa_passphrase ssid psk>>wpa_supplicant.conf (ssid就是你wifi的名字 psk就是密码)

例如：

>: wpa_passphrase HiWiFi_LingYun lingyun-emb>>wpa_supplicant.conf

修改我的配置文件：

>: vi wpa_supplicant.conf

# WPA-PSK/TKIP
# wpa_supplicant -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/apps/etc/wireless/wpa_supplicant.conf
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
network={                                                                   ssid="HiWiFi_LingYun"                                               key_mgmt=WPA-PSK                                                    proto=WPA                                                           pairwise=TKIP CCMP                                                  #psk="lingyun-emb"                                                  psk=a9a3f0b958b887804e71fe58694f82b5972dfc658827a366d6eea0c8abe9a42e
}

五．连接你的路由器：

>: wpa_supplicant -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/apps/etc/wireless/wpa_supplicant.conf &>:Trying to associate with d4:ee:07:22:6b:5c (SSID='HiWiFi_LingYun' freq=2417 MHz)
phy2 -> rt2x00mac_conf_tx: Info - Configured TX queue 2 - CWmin: 5, CWmax: 10, Aifs: 3, TXop: 0.
phy2 -> rt2x00mac_conf_tx: Info - Configured TX queue 3 - CWmin: 4, CWmax: 10, Aifs: 7, TXop: 0.
phy2 -> rt2x00mac_conf_tx: Info - Configured TX queue 1 - CWmin: 3, CWmax: 4, Aifs: 2, TXop: 94.
phy2 -> rt2x00mac_conf_tx: Info - Configured TX queue 0 - CWmin: 2, CWmax: 3, Aifs: 2, TXop: 47.
Associated with d4:ee:07:22:6b:5c
WPA: Key negotiation completed with d4:ee:07:22:6b:5c [PTK=CCMP GTK=CCMP]
CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to d4:ee:07:22:6b:5c completed (auth) [id=0 id_str=]

设置你的无限网卡IP和子网掩码

>: ifconfig wlan0 192.168.199.234 netmask 255.255.255.0

你可以ping一下你的主机IP（192.168.199.1是博主的主机IP）

>: ping 192.168.199.1PING 192.168.199.1 (192.168.199.1): 56 data bytes64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=56.992 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=2 ttl=64 time=45.916 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=3 ttl=64 time=47.709 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=4 ttl=64 time=47.760 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=5 ttl=64 time=46.920 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=6 ttl=64 time=47.732 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=7 ttl=64 time=45.949 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=8 ttl=64 time=50.674 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=9 ttl=64 time=50.893 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=10 ttl=64 time=45.923 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=11 ttl=64 time=45.972 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=12 ttl=64 time=45.994 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=13 ttl=64 time=46.058 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=14 ttl=64 time=45.983 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=15 ttl=64 time=46.060 ms64 bytes from 192.168.199.1: seq=16 ttl=64 time=46.877 ms

Ping自己的主机不好玩，那我们来试试外网的链接

在开发板目录/etc/创建一个resolv.conf的文件，因为在内核启动的时候内核会在

resolv.conf文件中找dns

>: vi resolv.conf#search localdomainnameserver 4.2.2.2nameserver 8.8.8.8

添加网关后试试

>: route add default gw 192.168.199.1>: ping www.baidu.comPING www.baidu.com (119.75.217.109): 56 data bytes64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: seq=0 ttl=53 time=25.603 ms64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: seq=1 ttl=53 time=65.629 ms64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: seq=2 ttl=53 time=77.645 ms64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: seq=3 ttl=53 time=66.636 ms64 bytes from 119.75.217.109: seq=4 ttl=53 time=67.671 ms

遇到的问题：

问题一：

 >: ifconfig wlan0 up
phy0 -> rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Loading firmware file 'rt2870.bin'.
phy0 -> rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Error - Failed to request Firmware.
ifconfig: SIOCSIFFLAGS: No such file or directory

通常情况下，load firmware的动作是通过用户空间的hotplug handler，也就是/proc/sys/kernel/hotplug里设定的执行档，来完成。root_qtopia默认会在/etc/init.d/rcS里将/proc/sys/kernel/hotplug设定为/sbin/mdev，即busybox的mdev模块。它在收到来自内核的请求加载rt73.bin这个firmware消息后，会从/lib/firmware目录下去找rt73.bin，如果能找到就加载。

解决方法：

将下载好的固件RT2870.bin放入/lib文件下新创建的firmware目录中就可以解决。

问题二：

>: wpa_passphrase CMCC 2b2072b207 >> wpa_supplicant.conf-sh: wpa_passphrase: Permission denied

解决方法：

>: ll wpa_passphrase-rw-r--r--    1 root     root        474555 Dec 31 17:06 wpa_passphrase>: chmod 777 wpa_passphrase>: ll wpa_passphrase-rwxrwxrwx    1 root     root        474555 Dec 31 17:06 wpa_passphrase

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