>>>for i in names:print(i)
"ZhangYang"
"GuYun"
"XiangPeng"
"XuLiangChen"

print(names[-1])   # unknown length， 取最后一个元素
print(names[0],names[2])   #  取第一项和第三项
print(names[1:3])   # 顾头不顾尾哈哈哈, 从1-2
print(names[0:3]）    # 从0-2 和 print(names[:3])
print(names[-2:])   # unknown length， 取最后两项
print(names[:])  # 从头到尾
print(names[::2])    # 从头到尾，间隔2
print(names[0:-1:2])  # 从0到倒数第二，间隔2

names.append("LeiHaiDong")   # adding more names  

# 插入准确的位置，但是不能同时插两个
names.insert(1,"ChenRongHua")   # 插在原本第一项的前面
names.insert(3,"XinZhiYu")        # 插在原本第三项的前面

# 修改替换
names[2] = "XieDi"  # 把第三项幻城xiedi

names.remove("ChenRongHua")
del names[1]
names.pop()     # delete the last one if no index input#del names[1] = names.pop(1)

print(names.count("ChenRongHua"))  # names counting from the list

names.reverse()  # reverse the list
names.sort() #  sort in letters & if initials are numbers or notations, then notations-->umbers-->letters

names = ["ZhangYang", "GuYun","XiangPeng","XuLiangChen"]
print(names.index("XieDi"))   # 但只能找到第一个xiedi的下标

names = ["4ZhangYang", "#!GuYun","xXiangPeng",["alex","jack"],"ChenRongHua","XuLiangChen"]
name2 = names.copy()   # 浅copy，只copy第一层，所以name2 之后no change
print(names)
print(name2)names[2] = "向鹏"   # name2 no change
names[3][0] = "ALEXANDER"   # name2 changed     替换alex
print(names)
print(name2)

names = ["4ZhangYang", "#!GuYun","xXiangPeng",["alex","jack"],"ChenRongHua","XuLiangChen"]
name2 = names
print(names)
print(name2)
names[2] = "向鹏"   # name2也变了（如果是简单字符串和数字是不会变的(见notes 1 小知识)，但是列表里会跟着变）
names[3][0] = "ALEXANDER"   # name2 changed
print(names)
print(name2)

import copynames = ["4ZhangYang", "#!GuYun","xXiangPeng",["alex","jack"],"ChenRongHua","XuLiangChen"]
name2 = copy.deepcopy(names)
print(names)
print(name2)
names[2] = "向鹏"    # name2 no changes
names[3][0] = "ALEXANDER"   # name2 no changes
print(names)
print(name2)

ages = (1,2,3,4)   # define a tuple
print(ages.count("1"))  # 统计
print(ages.index(3))     #找下标

people = ("name","age","salary","occupation")
print(people.count("name"))
print(people.index("age"))

name = "my name is alex"
name1 = "my \tname is alex"  # \t 空一隔
name2 = "my \tname is {name} and i am {year} old"     # formatprint(name.capitalize())  # 首字母大写
print(name.title())       # 每个单词第一个字母大写
print(name.zfill(50))     # 在字符串前加50个0
print(name.count("a"))    # 统计a的数量
print(name.center(50,"-"))
print(name.ljust(50,'*'))
print(name.rjust(50,'-'))
print(name.encode)    # 字符串转二进制
print(name.endswith("ex"))   # 判断"ex"结尾
print(name.find("name"))
print(name[name.find("name"):9])  # 字符串贴片print(name1)
print(name1.expandtabs(tabsize=30))    # 30个空格print(name2.format(name= 'alex',year=23))
print(name2.format_map({'name':'alex','year':12}))

My name is alex
My Name Is Alex
00000000000000000000000000000000000my name is alex
2
-----------------my name is alex------------------
my name is alex***********************************
-----------------------------------my name is alex
<built-in method encode of str object at 0x0000000002130FB0>
True
3
name i
my     name is alex
my                            name is alex
my     name is alex and i am 23 old
my     name is alex and i am 12 old
1234
1,2,3,4
1+2+3+4
aLex li
7
['a', ' ex ', 'i', '']
['1', '2', '3', '4']
['1+2', '+3+4']
['1+2+3+4']

print('ab23!'.isalnum())          # 判断是否是阿拉伯数字
print('Aab'.isalpha())            # 判断是否纯英文字符
print('1A'.isdecimal())           # 判断是否是十进制
print('ab23!'.isdigit())          # 判断是否是整数
print('A1a'.isidentifier())       # 判断是不是一个合法的标识符
print('ab23'.islower())           # 判断是不是小写
print('aG'.isupper())             # 判断是不是大写
print('33.33'.isnumeric())        # 判断是不是只有数字 forget it
print('ab23!'.isspace())          # 判断是不是空格
print('My Name Is'.istitle())     # 判断是不是标题大写
print('ab23!'.isprintable())print('Alex'.lower())       # all lower
print('Alex'.upper())       # all upper
print('Alex Li'.swapcase())
print('Alex\n'.strip())     # strip 会去掉两头的空格和回车
print('\nAlex'.lstrip())    # \n 换行
print('Alex\n'.rstrip())
print('---')

False
True
False
False
True
True
False
False
False
True
True
alex
ALEX
aLEX lI
Alex
Alex
Alex
---

# join
print(''.join(['1','2','3','4']))
print(','.join(['1','2','3','4']))
print('+'.join(['1','2','3','4']))print('alex li'.replace('l','L',1))
print('alex lil'.rfind('l'))   # 找到最后值的下标
print('al ex lil'.split('l'))     # 字符串 -->  列表
print('1+2+3+4'.split('+'))
print('1+2\n+3+4'.splitlines())
print('1+2+3+4'.split('\n'))

1234
1,2,3,4
1+2+3+4
aLex li
7
['a', ' ex ', 'i', '']
['1', '2', '3', '4']
['1+2', '+3+4']
['1+2+3+4']

av_catalog = {"欧美":{"www.youporn.com": ["很多免费的,世界最大的","质量一般"],"www.pornhub.com": ["很多免费的，也很大","质量比yourporn高点"],"letmedothistoyou.com": ["多是自拍，高质量图片很多","资源不多，更新慢"],"x-art.com": ["质量很高，真的很高","全部收费，屌比请绕过"]},"日韩":{"tokyo-hot":["质量怎么样不清楚，个人已经不喜欢日韩范了","听说是收费的"]},"大陆":{"1024":["全部免费，真好，好人一生平安","服务器在国外，慢"]}
}av_catalog["大陆"]["1024"][1] = "可以在国内做镜像"       # 改print(av_catalog.values())    # 打印value
print(av_catalog.keys())      # 打印key# setdefault   去字典里面找，如果有，就返回；如果没有，创建一个新的
av_catalog.setdefault("台湾",{"www.baidu.com":[1,2]})
print(av_catalog)av_catalog.setdefault("大陆",{"www.baidu.com":[1,2]})    # 大陆不会有变化    BUT 也没有新创建一个值
print(av_catalog)

product_list = [('Iphone',5800),('Mac Pro',9800),('Bike',800),('Watch',10600),('Coffee',31),('Alex Python',120),
]shopping_list = []salary = input("Input your salary:") # 工资只要输入一次，所以写在循环外面
if salary.isdigit():     # 判断整数salary = int(salary)while True:for index,item in enumerate(product_list):    # enumerate: 把列表下标直接取出来print(index,item)user_choice = input("选择要买嘛？>>>:")if user_choice.isdigit():user_choice = int(user_choice)if user_choice < len(product_list) and user_choice >= 0:p_item = product_list[user_choice]   # 通过下标把商品取出来if p_item[1] <= salary:    # 买得起
                    shopping_list.append(p_item)salary -= p_item[1]  # 扣钱print("Added %s into shopping cart, your current balance is \033[31;1m%s\033[0m"%(p_item,salary))   # red31,green32else:print("\033[41;1m你的余额只剩[%s]拉，还买个毛线\033[0m"% salary)    # red_background41 green_background42else:print("product code [%s] is not exist!"% user_choice)elif user_choice == 'q':print("------------- shopping list --------------")for p in shopping_list:print(p)print("Your current balance:",salary)exit()else:print('invalid option')

data = {'北京':{"昌平":{"沙河":["oldboy","test"],"天通苑":["链家地产","我爱我家"]},"朝阳":{"望京":["奔驰","陌陌"],"国贸":["CICC","HP"],"东直门":["Advent","飞信"]},"海淀":{},},'山东':{"德州":{},"青岛":{},"济南":{},},'广东':{"东莞":{},"常熟":{},"佛山":{},},
}exit_flag = False   # 为了在任意一层可以退出while not exit_flag:for i in data:print(i)choice = input("选择进入1>>:")if choice in data:   # 在不在字典里while not exit_flag:      # 死循环for i2 in data[choice]:print("\t",i2)choice2 = input("选择进入2>>:")if choice2 in data[choice]:while not exit_flag:      # 死循环for i3 in data[choice][choice2]:print("\t\t",i3)choice3 = input("选择进入3>>:")if choice3 in data[choice][choice2]:for i4 in data[choice][choice2][choice3]:print("\t\t",i4)choice4 = input("最后一层，按b返回>>:")if choice4 == "b":pass   # 什么也不做，不写就报错了，其实就是个占位符elif choice4 == "q":exit_flag = Trueif choice3 == "b":breakelif choice3 == "q":exit_flag = Trueif choice2 =="b":breakelif choice2 == "q":exit_flag = True