文章目录

  • 一：简述IS-IS动态路由协议
  • 二：IS-IS协议的NASP地址转换规则
  • 三：IS-IS协议的配置思路
  • 四：常见命令
  • 四：IS-IS综合实验

一：简述IS-IS动态路由协议

1、链路状态协议，使用SPF算法
2、使用Hello包建立邻居关系、使用LSP交换链路状态信息，采用分层设计思想

3、有2种路由选择级别，L1和L2.
L1负责在同一个区域内传播链路状态信息（类似OSPF中的1类和2类）
L2负责在不同的区域内相互传播链路状态信息（类似OSPF的3类）
4、三种路由器：L1能获取区域内的路径信息，
L2能获取区域间的路径信息
L1-2:能同时获取区域内和区域间路径
5、连接L2路由器和L1/L2路由器的路径会形成骨干区域

6、IS-IS区域边界位于链路上，而不是路由器中，每台IS-IS路由器仅属于一个区域

华为路由器上，IS-IS不会自动缩放接口的度量值，接口的默认度量值是10，除非可以改

邻居关系

Area1 L1 Area1
R1(L1)----------------R2(L1)

Area1 None Area1
R1(L2)----------------R2(L1)

Area1 L2 Area1
R1(L2)----------------R2(L1-2)

Area1 None Area2
R1(L1)----------------R2(L1-2)

Area1 L2 Area2
R1(L2)----------------R2(L1-2)

Area1 L1 L2 Area2
R1(L1-2)----------------R2(L1-2)

中国移动IS-IS L2路由设计，电信还是采用分层的设计

二：IS-IS协议的NASP地址转换规则

1、NSAP地址
IS-IS LSP使用NSAP地址来标识路由器并建立拓扑表，因此为IP提供路由
选择需要NSAP地址

2、NSAP地址8-20字节，用16进制标识，包含如下主要信息：
【1】区域编号
【2】系统编号（固定6个字节）
【3】NSEL位（固定1字节并置0）

例如：49.0001.0002.0002.0002.00

3、现网NET地址常见的规划方式
通过环回口32位地址补齐成48位获得
例如：221.15.23.180 ###补足3位，然后4位分割
221.015.023.180====221.015.023.180=2210.1502.3180
转换后：49.0020.2210.1502.3180.00

三：IS-IS协议的配置思路

1、启动IS-IS进程，根据区域规划配置NET地址
2、在接口下，将口宣告到IS-IS进程中
3、根据网络结构配置IS-IS路由类型

四：常见命令

dis isis peer ###查看isis邻居关系
dis isis 1 brief ###查看isis接口的明细
dis isis interface g0/0/1 ###查看接口isis详情
配置举列
[Huawei] isis 1 ###isis 后面跟进程。默认不加就是1进程
[Huawei-isis-1] network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 ###补足三位，然后4位分割
[Huawei-isis-1] int g0/0/1 ###进接口
[Huawei-g0/0/1] isis enable ###启动ISIS
[Huawei] isis 1
[Huawei-isis-1] is-level level-1 ###根据网络结构配置IS-IS路由类型，这边有路由器类型

####l1-------l1-2分析####
1、优化链路
2、下发默认，

####cost值是路由入向接口的累加###
[Huawei-g0/0/1] isis cost 22 ####配置入向接口cost值 ，不加类型，l1和l2都加

路由重分发
isis 1
import-route rip 1 lever-1 ####引入后变成l1信息 默认值

rip 1
import-route isis 1 cost 5 ###对于rip的度量值是跳数

isis 1
import-route isis level-2 into level-1 ###华为手册这个叫路由泄露

路由汇总

汇总在ABR上做汇总
isis 1
summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2 ####域间路由汇总

汇总在ASBR上做汇总
isis 1
summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1 ####不同协议间的路由汇总

四：IS-IS综合实验

先配置接口ip

R1

<Huawei>sys
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 16.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]q
[R1]

R2

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.0.0.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]q
[R2]

R3

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.0.0.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.0.0.1 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]q
[R3]

R4

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R4
[R4]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.1 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.0.0.2 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]

R5

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R5
[R5]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.2 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int loo 1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 202.0.0.1 24
[R5-LoopBack1]int loo 2
[R5-LoopBack2]ip add 202.0.1.1 24
[R5-LoopBack2]q
[R5]

R6

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R6
[R6]int g 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 16.0.0.2 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 6.6.6.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int loo 1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 203.0.0.1 32
[R6-LoopBack1]int loo 2
[R6-LoopBack2]ip add 203.0.1.1 32
[R6-LoopBack2]q
[R6]

开始配置ISIS

R1

[R1]dis isis ?INTEGER<1-65535>  Process ID for displaybfd               Bidirectional forwarding detectionbrief             Active configuration in briefdebug-switches    Current setting of ISIS debugging switcheserror             Statistics of error packetsgraceful-restart  Graceful Restart for ISISinterface         ISIS interfaceipv6              Display IPv6 informationlast-peer-change  ISIS peer change informationldp-sync          Ldp-Synclsdb              ISIS LSP databasemesh-group        ISIS mesh groupsmigp-routing      Multicast-igp routing tablename-table        ISIS name tablepeer              ISIS neighbourroute             ISIS route tablespf-log           ISIS SPF log informationspf-tree          ISIS SPF-Treestatistics        Statistics informationtraffic-eng       Display ISIS traffic engineering informationvpn-instance      VPN Routing/Forwarding instance[R1]isis 1
[R1-isis-1]network
[R1-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00
[R1-isis-1]q
[R1]int loo 0
[R1-LoopBack0]isis enable   #每个区域内的接口都添加这个配置
[R1-LoopBack0]q

先不设置路由类型为L1或者L2等

R2

[R2]isis
[R2-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0020.0200.2002.00
[R2-isis-1]q
[R2]int loo 0
[R2-LoopBack0]isis enabl
[R2-LoopBack0]isis enable
[R2-LoopBack0]q

查看邻居关系，发现默认是L1L2

[R2]dis isis peerPeer information for ISIS(1)System Id     Interface          Circuit Id       State HoldTime Type     PRI
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0010.0100.1001  GE0/0/1            0020.0200.2002.01 Up   25s      L1(L1L2) 64
0010.0100.1001  GE0/0/1            0020.0200.2002.01 Up   21s      L2(L1L2) 64 Total Peer(s): 2
[R2]dis isis 1 brief ISIS Protocol Information for ISIS(1)-------------------------------------
SystemId: 0020.0200.2002      System Level: L12
Area-Authentication-mode: NULL
Domain-Authentication-mode: NULL
Ipv6 is not enabled
ISIS Graceful Restart is not configured
ISIS is in protocol hot standby state: Real-Time BackupInterface: 12.0.0.2(GE0/0/1)
Cost: L1 10        L2 10                Ipv6 Cost: L1 10   L2 10
State: IPV4 Up                          IPV6 Down
Type: BROADCAST                         MTU: 1497
Priority: L1 64   L2 64
Timers:     Csnp: L1 10    L2 10    ,Retransmit: L12 5   , Hello: L1 10 L2 10  ,Hello Multiplier: L1 3    L2 3     , LSP-Throttle Timer: L12 50

优化网络结构，设置R1类型为L1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]isis
[R1-isis-1]is-level level-1
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...

R2查看

[R2]dis isis 1 brief ISIS Protocol Information for ISIS(1)-------------------------------------
SystemId: 0020.0200.2002      System Level: L12
Area-Authentication-mode: NULL
Domain-Authentication-mode: NULL
Ipv6 is not enabled
ISIS Graceful Restart is not configured
ISIS is in protocol hot standby state: Real-Time BackupInterface: 12.0.0.2(GE0/0/1)
Cost: L1 10        L2 10                Ipv6 Cost: L1 10   L2 10
State: IPV4 Up                          IPV6 Down
Type: BROADCAST                         MTU: 1497
Priority: L1 64   L2 64
Timers:     Csnp: L1 10    L2 10    ,Retransmit: L12 5   , Hello: L1 10 L2 10  ,Hello Multiplier: L1 3    L2 3     , LSP-Throttle Timer: L12 50
[R2]dis isis peerPeer information for ISIS(1)System Id     Interface          Circuit Id       State HoldTime Type     PRI
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0010.0100.1001  GE0/0/1            0020.0200.2002.01 Up   26s      L1       64

R2路由表

[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 8        Routes : 8        Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/12.2.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack012.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/123.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

每个isis区域内的接口都要开启isis

[R2]int g 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable

配置R3

[R3]isis
[R3-isis-1]network-entity 49.0000.0030.0300.3003.00
[R3-isis-1]is-level level-2
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...
[R3-isis-1]q
[R3]int loo 0
[R3-LoopBack0]isis enable
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis en
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]dis isi peerPeer information for ISIS(1)System Id     Interface          Circuit Id       State HoldTime Type     PRI
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0020.0200.2002  GE0/0/0            ---               Up   9s       L2       64 Total Peer(s): 1
[R3]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 10       Routes : 10       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L2 15   20          D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/02.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L2 15   10          D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/03.3.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack012.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   20          D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/034.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

1.1.1.1的cost值为20，因为是有两个链路的存在

可以手动更改cost值，在所在方向的接口内声明

[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis cost 8
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 10       Routes : 10       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L2 15   18          D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/02.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L2 15   8           D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/03.3.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack012.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   18          D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/034.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

继续配置

R3

[R3]int g 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis this
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 34.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
#
return
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enabl
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable

R4

[R4]isis
[R4-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0040.0400.4004.00
[R4-isis-1]is-level level-1-2
[R4-isis-1]q
[R4]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isi en
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]is en
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R4-LoopBack0]is en
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]dis ip rout
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 12       Routes : 12       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L2 15   28          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/12.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L2 15   18          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/13.3.3.3/32  ISIS-L2 15   10          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/14.4.4.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack012.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   28          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/123.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   18          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/145.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

查看R1（L1）和R2（L1-2）的路由条目

[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 10       Routes : 10       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface0.0.0.0/0   ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/11.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack02.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/116.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   20          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0[R1]

[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 12       Routes : 12       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/12.2.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack03.3.3.3/32  ISIS-L2 15   10          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/04.4.4.4/32  ISIS-L2 15   20          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/012.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/123.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/034.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   20          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   30          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

发现R1的路由条目不全，出现了一条默认路由，此时暂且记下，继续往下配置

R5

[R5]isis
[R5-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0050.0500.5005.00
[R5-isis-1]q
[R5]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 9        Routes : 9        Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface5.5.5.5/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack045.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   202.0.0.1       LoopBack1202.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1202.0.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   202.0.1.1       LoopBack2202.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack2
//等一下
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 16       Routes : 16       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L2 15   38          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/02.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L2 15   28          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/03.3.3.3/32  ISIS-L2 15   20          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/04.4.4.4/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/05.5.5.5/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack012.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   38          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   28          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/034.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   20          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   202.0.0.1       LoopBack1202.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1202.0.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   202.0.1.1       LoopBack2202.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack2[R5]

此时没有给R5设置等级，默认是L1-2，将R5设为L1

[R5]isis
[R5-isis-1]is-l
[R5-isis-1]is-level l
[R5-isis-1]is-level level-1
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...
[R5-isis-1]q
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 12       Routes : 12       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface0.0.0.0/0   ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/04.4.4.4/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/05.5.5.5/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack034.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   20          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   202.0.0.1       LoopBack1202.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1202.0.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   202.0.1.1       LoopBack2202.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack2[R5]

可以发现路由其中部分路由被汇总成默认路由

继续配置

[R5]int loo 0
[R5-LoopBack0]isi en
[R5-LoopBack0]int loo 1
[R5-LoopBack1]is en
[R5-LoopBack1]int loo 2
[R5-LoopBack2]is en
[R5-LoopBack2]q

查看R2路由

[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 15       Routes : 15       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/12.2.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack03.3.3.3/32  ISIS-L2 15   10          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/04.4.4.4/32  ISIS-L2 15   20          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/05.5.5.5/32  ISIS-L2 15   30          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/012.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/123.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/034.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   20          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   30          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  ISIS-L2 15   30          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0202.0.1.0/24  ISIS-L2 15   30          D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

查看R1路由

[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 10       Routes : 10       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface0.0.0.0/0   ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/11.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack02.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/116.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   20          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

配置R1的rip

[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]v 2
[R1-rip-1]network 16.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]un sum
[R1-rip-1]

R6的rip

[R6]rip 1
[R6-rip-1]v 2
[R6-rip-1]un sum
[R6-rip-1]network 16.0.0.0
[R6-rip-1]network 6.0.0.0
[R6-rip-1]network 203.0.0.0
[R6-rip-1]network 203.0.1.0

在R1处配置重分发

[R1-rip-1]import-route isis ?INTEGER<1-65535>  Process IDcost              Cost of the import routeroute-policy      Apply the specified route policy to filter route<cr>              [R1-rip-1]import-route isis 1 ?cost          Cost of the import routeroute-policy  Apply the specified route policy to filter route<cr>          [R1-rip-1]import-route isis 1 cos
[R1-rip-1]import-route isis 1 cost  5

在R6查看

[R6]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 11       Routes : 11       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/02.2.2.2/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/06.6.6.6/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack012.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0203.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1203.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack2

查看R1路由

[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 13       Routes : 13       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface0.0.0.0/0   ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/11.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack02.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/16.6.6.6/32  RIP     100  1           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/012.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/116.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   20          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0203.0.0.1/32  RIP     100  1           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0203.0.1.1/32  RIP     100  1           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

可以发现，自动汇总的默认路由并没有被注入

[R1]isis
[R1-isis-1]import-route rip 1 ?cost          Set the cost valuecost-type     Cost type for exterior imported routesinherit-cost  Import the routes with the original costlevel-1       Level-1level-1-2     Level-1-2level-2       Level-2route-policy  Apply the specified route policy to filter routetag           Specify the value of the tag<cr>          [R1-isis-1]import-route rip 1 l
[R1-isis-1]import-route rip 1 level-1

查看R5，R4的路由条目

[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 12       Routes : 12       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface0.0.0.0/0   ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/04.4.4.4/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/05.5.5.5/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack034.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   20          D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   202.0.0.1       LoopBack1202.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1202.0.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   202.0.1.1       LoopBack2202.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack2

R5没有改变

[R4]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 19       Routes : 19       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L2 15   28          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/12.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L2 15   18          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/13.3.3.3/32  ISIS-L2 15   10          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/14.4.4.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack05.5.5.5/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/06.6.6.6/32  ISIS-L2 15   92          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   28          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/116.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   92          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/123.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   18          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/145.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0202.0.1.0/24  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0203.0.0.1/32  ISIS-L2 15   92          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1203.0.1.1/32  ISIS-L2 15   92          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

R4增加RIP中的条目信息

现在解决R6学不到R5，R4,R3路由的问题

1.最简单的方法就是把R1的路由类型设置为L1-2即可

2.或者在rip 中注入默认路由

[R1-rip-1]default-route originate

3.这里详细介绍另外一个方法，路由泄露

在R2的L1-2的位置想R1的L1路由器去泄露LI-1和L2信息

[R2-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1

此时再去查看R1的路由条目

[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 20       Routes : 20       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface0.0.0.0/0   ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/11.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack02.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/13.3.3.3/32  ISIS-L1 15   20          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/14.4.4.4/32  ISIS-L1 15   30          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/15.5.5.5/32  ISIS-L1 15   40          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/16.6.6.6/32  RIP     100  1           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/012.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/116.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   20          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   30          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/145.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L1 15   40          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  ISIS-L1 15   40          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1202.0.1.0/24  ISIS-L1 15   40          D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1203.0.0.1/32  RIP     100  1           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0203.0.1.1/32  RIP     100  1           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0

路由条目被记录其中

查看R6路由条目

[R6]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 18       Routes : 18       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/02.2.2.2/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/03.3.3.3/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/04.4.4.4/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/05.5.5.5/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/06.6.6.6/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack012.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/034.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0202.0.1.0/24  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0203.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1203.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack2[R6]

接下来做isis区域间路由汇总

R4（L1-2）可以把R5（L1）中的202.0.0.0/24和202.0.1.0/24进行路由汇总，汇总信息是L1-2类型

[R4]isis
[R4-isis-1]summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 ?avoid-feedback        Avoid learning this summary route through SPFgenerate_null0_route  Generate the discard route for preventing route loopslevel-1               Level-1level-1-2             Level-1-2level-2               Level-2tag                   Specify the value of the tag<cr>
[R4-isis-1]summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2

R6处验证

[R6]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 17       Routes : 17       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/02.2.2.2/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/03.3.3.3/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/04.4.4.4/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/05.5.5.5/32  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/06.6.6.6/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack012.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   16.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/016.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/023.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/034.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.0/30  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/23  RIP     100  6           D   16.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0203.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1203.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack2

出现202.0.0.0/23汇总网段

也可以在R1中把203.0.0.0/24和203.0.1.0/24汇总

[R1]isis
[R1-isis-1]summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2
[R1-isis-1]dis this
#
isis 1is-level level-1network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00import-route rip 1 level-1summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2
#
return

在R4验证

[R4]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 18       Routes : 18       Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface1.1.1.1/32  ISIS-L2 15   28          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/12.2.2.2/32  ISIS-L2 15   18          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/13.3.3.3/32  ISIS-L2 15   10          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/14.4.4.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack05.5.5.5/32  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/06.6.6.6/32  ISIS-L2 15   92          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/112.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   28          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/116.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   92          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/123.0.0.0/30  ISIS-L2 15   18          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/134.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/145.0.0.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/045.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0202.0.0.0/24  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0202.0.1.0/24  ISIS-L1 15   10          D   45.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0203.0.0.0/23  ISIS-L2 15   92          D   34.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1

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