动词ing形式做定语的用法总结

文章目录

动词ing形式做定语的用法总结
- ●-ing形式做定语通常从以下四个方面考查
- - 1)说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途。
  - 2)与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。
  - 3)有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常做定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……”。
  - 4)-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即being done.being doing通常表示正在被做，常做后置定语。
- ●如何把不同的从句转换成-ing形式做后置定语的用法
- - 1)含进行时从句：删除“关系代词+be动词”，保留动词ing形式即可。
  - 2)含过去一般时（主动语态）从句：删除“关系代词”，将动词由一般过去式转换为ing形式即可。
  - 3)含一般现在时（主动语态）从句：删除“关系代词”，将动词由一般现在式转换为ing形式即可。
  - 4)含过去完成时/过去完成的被动语态从句：将had变成having即可。

动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词，在英语中使用极其广泛，下面就动词的-ing形式在句中做定语总结如下：

动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置，如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语，常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。

单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前置定语，如：

1.He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。

2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。

注意：当-ing形式做后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句，如：

1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.

→A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.

一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。

2.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.

→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。

　3.A little child learning to walk often falls.

→A little child who learns to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。

4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?

→Do you know the number of people who come to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?

●-ing形式做定语通常从以下四个方面考查

1)说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途。

如：

1.They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。

2.He may be in the reading room，for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里。

3.Ladies and gentlemen，please go and wait in the meeting room.女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。

2)与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。

如：

1.There were about 200 children studying in the art school.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。

2.Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?

正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁?

3)有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常做定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……”。

常用的此类词有：exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。

如：

1.That must have been a terrifying experience.那准时一段可怕的经历。

2.The experiment was an amazing success.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。

3.There is a page missing from this book.这本书缺了一页。

4)-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即being done.being doing通常表示正在被做，常做后置定语。

如：

1.The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。

2.The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。

●如何把不同的从句转换成-ing形式做后置定语的用法

1)含进行时从句：删除“关系代词+be动词”，保留动词ing形式即可。

1.The girl who is dressing a sexy skirt is my girl friend.

->The girl dressing a sexy skirt is my girl friend.

2.The man who was running is my teacher.

->The man running is my teacher.

2)含过去一般时（主动语态）从句：删除“关系代词”，将动词由一般过去式转换为ing形式即可。

1.I lived in a room which faced south.

->I lived in a room facing south.

3)含一般现在时（主动语态）从句：删除“关系代词”，将动词由一般现在式转换为ing形式即可。

1.Those who wish to join the club should sign here.

->Those wishing to join the club should sign here.

4)含过去完成时/过去完成的被动语态从句：将had变成having即可。

1.The man,who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.

->The man,having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.

2.The man,who had finished his assignment quickly, almost lost his memory.

->The man,having finished his assignment quickly, almost lost his memory.