策略性发疯

Smart furniture, which keeps your house in order, is a must for almost any futuristic set. In fact, an auto-regulating climate, automatic lights and voice control over household devices — all this can be done and configured now. But it will take a little experience, basic knowledge of technology and sometimes programming, as well as a whole sea of ​​fantasy. In my case, I did in the way that just fantasy will be enough, but first things first…

智能家具可以使您的房屋井井有条，几乎是所有未来派家具所必需的。 实际上，自动调节气候，自动照明和家用设备的语音控制-所有这些现在都可以完成并配置。 但这需要一点经验，技术基础知识，有时甚至是编程知识，以及一整套幻想。 就我而言，我做到的只是幻想就足够了，但首先要做的是……

I became interested in the idea of ​​a “smart home” about five years ago. I made the simplest system at first. It controlled lights in my hallway and bathroom via motion sensor, the air drawing via humidity sensor, and also the weather station — everyone was crazy about them at that time. Every self-respecting DIY enthusiast had to make a weather station. 大约五年前，我对``智能家居''的想法产生了兴趣。 首先，我制作了最简单的系统。 它通过运动传感器控制了我走廊和浴室的灯光，通过湿度传感器控制了空气，还通过了气象站-当时每个人都为之疯狂。 每个自重的DIY爱好者都必须制作一个气象站。

First of all, I equipped the apartment with a controlled relay to automatically turn on the light in the corridor and bathroom. It was simple — I had one sensor in the hallway, and one in the bathroom.

首先，我为公寓配备了可控制的继电器，以自动打开走廊和浴室的灯。 很简单-我在走廊上有一个传感器，在浴室里有一个。

If someone went to the bathroom, then the corridor sensor would detect movement and immediately turn on the lights in the hallway and in the bathroom. At the same time, if no one entered the bathroom, the sensor inside the bathroom would indicate that and 15 seconds after the lights would turn off. If someone entered the bathroom, the hallway lights would turn off in a minute.

如果有人去洗手间，那么走廊传感器会检测到移动并立即打开走廊和洗手间的灯。 同时，如果没有人进入洗手间，洗手间内的传感器会指示出来，并且灯熄灭15秒后。 如果有人进入洗手间，走廊灯会在一分钟后熄灭。

I also thought about cases such as if someone was too preoccupied with his own thoughts while sitting on a “white throne” in the bathroom (I had a combined bathroom). For this, the light in the bathroom was divided into two groups. One turned off 3 minutes after the sensor in the bathroom stopped detecting movements, and the other group would do the same 5 minutes later. So if you sit motionless for more than 5 minutes the light would turn off. Very disciplining. However, you could always move your hand and continue your thought journey.

我还考虑过一些情况，例如某人坐在浴室的“白色宝座”上时过于沉迷于自己的想法(我有一个组合浴室)。 为此，浴室的灯分为两组。 一个人在浴室的感应器停止检测运动3分钟后关闭，另一组人在5分钟后执行相同的操作。 因此，如果您一动不动地坐了5分钟以上，指示灯将熄灭。 很有纪律。 但是，您始终可以动手并继续您的思想之旅。

The bathroom also had a humidity sensor, which would automatically start the air drawing if humidity exceeded 50%. As soon as the room was ventilated to 45% humidity, the drawer would turn off.

浴室还装有湿度传感器，如果湿度超过50％，它将自动开始抽气。 将房间通风到45％湿度后，抽屉将关闭。

All this was management (or rather tried to be) through the Arduino platform.

所有这些都是通过Arduino平台进行的管理(或试图做到)。

Almost immediately, it became clear to me that this platform was not all about creating a smart home. The main disadvantage of working with Arduino was that the platform worked without using the network, and without it, no truly unified ecosystem could be created. Of course, I could add network support, but why do so? I’ve made an easy choice and changed the platform to another.

几乎立即，对我来说很清楚，这个平台不仅仅涉及创建智能家居。 使用Arduino的主要缺点是该平台无需使用网络即可工作，没有它，就无法创建真正的统一生态系统。 当然，我可以添加网络支持，但是为什么要添加呢？ 我做出了一个简单的选择，并将平台更改为另一个平台。

Having played enough with Arduino, I reconnected the house to the ESP-8266 board. In fact, this is the same Arduino, but with Wi-Fi support + it is more compact in size. This module is still popular among smart home gadget manufacturers.

在玩完Arduino之后，我将房子重新连接到ESP-8266开发板。 实际上，这是相同的Arduino，但是具有Wi-Fi支持+尺寸更紧凑。 该模块在智能家居产品制造商中仍然很流行。

In parallel, I tried to make the smart home even smarter. For example, I solved the problem of 24 hours underfloor heating or an always-on air conditioner. I bought a Chinese Beok Wi-Fi thermostats in order to do this. They allowed me to turn off the floor heating remotely, but I had to do it through a dedicated phone app.

同时，我试图使智能家居更加智能。 例如，我解决了24小时地板采暖或空调始终开启的问题。 为此，我购买了中国Beok Wi-Fi温控器。 他们允许我远程关闭地暖，但是我必须通过专用的电话应用程序来完成。

I solved the problem of remote controls for the air conditioner using the Broadlink RM Pro infrared signal emulator. Nothing too complicated here: you record a signal from the air conditioning remote controller (or it can be any device with remote controls) to the emulator, and so when you press a button in the application, the emulator plays the previously recorded signal. In this case with my air conditioner, I had the opportunity to turn it on and off, set the operation mode and set other parameters remotely.

我使用Broadlink RM Pro红外信号仿真器解决了空调遥控器的问题。 这里没有什么太复杂的：您可以将信号从空调遥控器(或者可以是带有遥控器的任何设备)记录到仿真器，因此当您在应用程序中按一个按钮时，仿真器将播放先前记录的信号。 在这种情况下，我有机会打开和关闭空调，设置操作模式并远程设置其他参数。

I also installed Livolo switches. With their help, I could also turn the lights on and off remotely.

我还安装了Livolo开关。 在他们的帮助下，我还可以远程打开和关闭灯光。

On the contrary: I had to install a separate application again for control, and it had no feedback, so that I could not see whether the light was on, and if it was manually turned on/off by someone using a conventional switch.

相反：我不得不再次安装一个单独的应用程序进行控制，并且没有反馈，因此我看不到指示灯是否点亮以及是否有人使用常规开关手动打开/关闭了该指示灯。

My smart home also grew with various controlled Wi-Fi relays such as Sonoff or Tuya, and even the expensive Danalock for locking the apartment, which also required a separate application. I bought almost all of those little things (except Danalock) on Aliexpress, where they only cost a penny, which allowed me to experiment without serious investments.

我的智能家居也随着Sonoff或Tuya等各种受控制的Wi-Fi继电器的发展而增长，甚至还包括用于锁定公寓的昂贵的Danalock，这也需要单独的应用程序。 我几乎在Aliexpress上购买了所有这些小东西(Danalock除外)，这些东西只花了1美分，这使我无需进行大量投资即可进行实验。

One of the first relatively serious purchases was the Tion breezer. It coped with automatic CO2 control more or less, but the temperature had to be constantly adjusted throughout the winter. And again — it required a separate application.

Tion清风机是最早购买的比较认真的产品之一。 它或多或少地解决了自动CO2控制的问题，但是整个冬季必须不断调节温度。 再次-它需要一个单独的应用程序。

I can’t even remember all the sensors and controllers that I tried back then. My smartphone was clogged with apps to manage them all. It was like a zoo, which you had to look after. I tried to combine these applications through all sorts of aggregators like HomeBridge / MajorDomo, etc. But all of them came with significant shortcomings:

我什至不记得当时我尝试过的所有传感器和控制器。 我的智能手机上塞满了无法全部管理的应用程序。 这就像一个动物园，你必须照顾。 我试图通过各种聚合器(例如HomeBridge / MajorDomo等)来组合这些应用程序，但是它们都具有明显的缺点：

• Unfriendly, and sometimes just terrible UI不友好，有时只是糟糕的用户界面
• Lack of support缺乏支持
• Complex connection复杂的连接

The search for an ultimate application for centralized management for such a number of sensors, controllers and other systems had no success. Then I tried to tweak one of the «smart» devices — the very Tion breezer. I wrote a script to automatically control the heating depending on the room temperature. The fact is that the ventilation system did not have an automatic heating adjustment. It turned out that the room was either super-hot or super-cold. There was no way to hit the sweet spot. This problem was solved with a script.

对于如此大量的传感器，控制器和其他系统，寻求集中管理的最终应用没有成功。 然后，我尝试调整其中一种“智能”设备-非常像Tion的微风。 我编写了一个脚本，可以根据室温自动控制暖气。 事实是通风系统没有自动加热调节。 原来，这个房间要么很热，要么很冷。 没有办法达到最佳效果。 此问题已通过脚本解决。

Success with my script for the breezer prompted me to create my own application for smart home management. The main goal was to create a program with convenient integration of smart devices, multi-level automation conditions and the ability to manage all devices in the house.

我的微风脚本成功完成后，促使我创建了自己的智能家居管理应用程序。 主要目标是创建一个程序，该程序具有智能设备的便捷集成，多级自动化条件以及管理房屋中所有设备的能力。

For about a year, I myself was engaged in application development both on the front- and back-end.

我自己从事前端和后端的应用程序开发大约一年了。

The server side is on NodeJS. The choice was made in favor of NodeJS due to the developed community, which had implemented protocols for almost all devices on the market. The client part is on Angular (Ionic) and runs on Android / iOS. In general, a classic client-server architecture.

服务器端在NodeJS上。 由于社区发达，已经为市场上几乎所有设备实现了协议，因此选择了NodeJS。 客户端部分位于Angular(Ionic)上，并在Android / iOS上运行。 通常，经典的客户端-服务器体系结构。

For note:需要注意的是：

I rewrote device drivers many times until I came up with something like this:

我多次重写设备驱动程序，直到想到了这样的东西：

import {XiaomiSubdeviceV2} from '../xiaomi.subdevice.v2';
import {load_power} from '../capabilities/load_power';
import {power_plug} from '../capabilities/power_plug';
import {PowerPurpose} from '../../base/PowerPurpose';
import {Relay} from '../../base/types/Relay';
import {HomeKitAccessory} from '../../hap/HomeKitAccessory';
import {Lightbulb2Accessory} from '../../hap/Lightbulb2Accessory';
import {Yandex} from '../../yandex/Yandex';
import {YandexLightOrSwitch} from '../../yandex/YandexLightOrSwitch';export class LumiPlug extends XiaomiSubdeviceV2.with(Relay, power_plug, load_power, PowerPurpose,HomeKitAccessory, Lightbulb2Accessory,Yandex, YandexLightOrSwitch) {onCreate() {super.onCreate();this.model = 'Mi Smart Plug';this.class_name = 'lumi.plug';this.driver_name = 'Mi Smart Plug';this.driver_type = 3;this.parent_class_name = 'lumi.gateway';}getIcon() {return 'socket';}
}

The bottom line is that despite the variety of different devices, they all do the same and provide approximately the same information. Therefore, all the capabilities of the devices were put in separate mixins, which ultimately make up the final driver. For example, the application supports many devices that have the on / off function. It is taken out and put in a separate mixin to be used identically for all devices. Elementary, Watson!

最重要的是，尽管有各种不同的设备，但它们都执行相同的操作并提供大致相同的信息。 因此，设备的所有功能都放在单独的mixin中，最终构成了最终的驱动程序。 例如，该应用程序支持许多具有开/关功能的设备。 将其取出并放入单独的mixin中，以对所有设备相同地使用。 小学，沃森！

This results in: drivers for new devices can be done fast and easy, because everything is standardized and there is no need to worry about further storage of the received information. For completely new protocols (which I did not have yet), mixins also base on existing ones. They receive device information and transmit it further. Such an approach allowed to reduce the amount of code by tens of times (initially each driver was a copy of a similar driver).

结果是：新设备的驱动程序可以快速简便地完成，因为所有内容都是标准化的，因此无需担心所接收信息的进一步存储。 对于全新的协议(我还没有)，mixins也基于现有协议。 他们接收设备信息并进一步传输。 这种方法可以减少数十倍的代码量(最初，每个驱动程序都是类似驱动程序的副本)。

So gradually I went through all the circles of hell finishing back and the front ends. When the application became fairly tolerable to look at, I thought: why not share this with the public? I found project partners and assistants to bring the application to life.

因此，我逐渐经历了地狱的各个方面，包括后方和前端。 当应用程序变得可以容忍时，我想：为什么不与公​​众分享此信息？ 我找到了项目合作伙伴和助手来使该应用程序栩栩如生。

First of all, it was necessary to make the design of the application. In order to do this, I had to turn to professional designers. I naively believed that it would take 3-4 months, but in the end the process dragged on. Despite the fact that the structure of the application did not change much from the original idea, literally everything had to be redone.

首先，有必要进行应用程序的设计。 为此，我不得不求助于专业设计师。 我天真地相信这将需要3-4个月的时间，但最终该过程继续进行。 尽管应用程序的结构与原始想法相比并没有太大变化，但实际上所有内容都必须重做。

In parallel, not without the help from my project partners, I bought the most popular smart home devices and coded my application so that it could support these gadgets. Soon, however, it became clear that there would not be enough money for all smart devices, so we decided to ask the existing manufacturers for free test samples of their equipment. We were heard, and Wirenboard and MiMiSmart became the first serious suppliers.

同时，在没有项目合作伙伴帮助的情况下，我购买了最受欢迎的智能家居设备，并对应用程序进行了编码，以便它可以支持这些小工具。 但是，很快，人们发现所有智能设备都买不起钱，因此我们决定要求现有制造商免费提供其设备的测试样品。 我们被听到了，Wirenboard和MiMiSmart成为了第一批重要的供应商。

So, together with the crew, I created a new application for smart home automation with a classic client-server architecture, available on any platform, with a convenient modern design.

因此，与工作人员一起，我创建了一个具有经典客户端-服务器架构的智能家庭自动化新应用程序，该应用程序可在任何平台上使用，并具有便捷的现代设计。

认识BARY *。 (Meet the BARY *.)

* The name did not come from Bari Alibasov, but from Barrymore the butler, from Arthur C. Doyle’s “The Hound of the Baskerville”, — your personal “smart butler”.*这个名字不是巴里·阿里巴索夫(Bari Alibasov)来的，而是巴特莫尔(Butry)的管家，亚瑟·C·道尔(Arthur C. Doyle)的“巴斯克维尔猎犬(The Hound of the Baskerville)”-您的个人“智能管家”。

结果是：带有漂亮的图片和猫的描述 (What we have in result: a description with pretty pictures and cats)

The main screen is a convenient dashboard that can view and manage the automated parameters in your rooms. Convenient is the key here, because in those applications that I tried myself the dashboards had to be configured manually. Not the most pleasant pastime activity.

主屏幕是一个方便的仪表板，可以查看和管理您房间中的自动参数。 方便是这里的关键，因为在我自己尝试过的那些应用程序中，仪表板必须手动配置。 不是最愉快的消遣活动。

You can divide your house into zones and rooms. Each room has different parameters: temperature, humidity, current electric power consumption, etc. (as well as selected actions). If we click on a room, we see a list of devices connected to it.

您可以将房子分为区域和房间。 每个房间都有不同的参数：温度，湿度，当前电耗等(以及选定的动作)。 如果单击某个房间，则会看到连接到该设备的列表。

Here you can turn the device on/off, as well as check the main parameters. Switching to the device will give you a more detailed control with a full list of available functions.

您可以在此处打开/关闭设备以及检查主要参数。 切换到设备将为您提供更详细的控制，以及可用功能的完整列表。

All devices are connected using the same type of settings. For many devices there is a connection wizard. No configs for those who like it hot! Basically, it all comes down to specifying the IP address of your device (there is an auto search available for many devices). If the IP address suddenly changes — it's okay! The server will find it at the new address automatically.

使用相同类型的设置连接所有设备。 对于许多设备，都有一个连接向导。 那些不喜欢它的人没有配置！ 基本上，一切都取决于指定设备的IP地址(许多设备都有自动搜索功能)。 如果IP地址突然更改-没关系！ 服务器将在新地址处自动找到它。

There is integration with Apple HomeKit, it is used for voice control via Siri. All devices supported by BARY easily integrate with Apple HomeKit with just one click (hello HomeBridge lovers). Yandex Alice is also supported. And it turned out to be more friendly in terms of interface commands. For example, Siri does not want to close the curtains on the command «close the curtains», cannot set a certain volume value on TV, and so on. Yandex Alice is free of such quirks.

与Apple HomeKit集成，用于通过Siri进行语音控制。 BARY支持的所有设备只需单击一下即可轻松与Apple HomeKit集成(您好，HomeBridge爱好者)。 也支持Yandex Alice。 事实证明，它在界面命令方面更加友好。 例如，Siri不想在“关闭窗帘”命令上关闭窗帘，无法在电视上设置某个音量值，依此类推。 Yandex Alice没有这种怪癖。

For the convenience of managing your territories, more automations have been implemented: perform actions when certain conditions are met. Logical, multilevel automation, i.e. you can do something like “Condition 1 and (Condition 2 or Condition 3)”. Everything in a reasonable and beautiful automation editor.

为了方便管理您的领地，已实施了更多的自动化措施：在满足某些条件时执行操作。 逻辑多级自动化，即您可以执行“条件1和(条件2或条件3)”之类的操作。 一切都在合理而美观的自动化编辑器中进行。

Personally, I myself have accumulated nearly a hundred of automations, and they are easy to find, everything is grouped by rooms and devices.

就我个人而言，我自己已经积累了将近一百个自动化功能，并且很容易找到它们，所有内容都按房间和设备分组。

The app also supports scripting. Script is a set of actions performed after certain conditions are met. For my smart home, I only use the standard set:

该应用程序还支持脚本。 脚本是在满足某些条件后执行的一组操作。 对于我的智能家居，我仅使用标准套件：

My leaving/coming back home is implemented through Apple TV — it turns on/off automatically when everyone leaves/returns home. You come home and a sad TV host from the 1TV channel is already there to greet you. Isn’t that great?

我的出门/返家是通过Apple TV实现的-当所有人离开/返家时，它都会自动打开/关闭。 您回家了，来自1TV频道的悲伤电视主持人已经在那里欢迎您。 那不是很好吗？

Well, what is a smart home without the ability to look at your cat?

那么，什么是没有能力看猫的智能家居呢？

You can connect any camera that is capable of sending an RTSP stream.

您可以连接任何能够发送RTSP流的摄像机。

I would also like to mention the statistics section. It turned out to be quite informative:

我还要提及“统计”部分。 事实证明，这很有参考价值：

In the reference list, the red bar is the deviation from the average values for the last six months, the gray bar is the expense level within the average values.

在参考列表中，红色条形是最近六个月与平均值的偏差，灰色条形是平均值内的支出水平。

The picture shows my statistics for September. It was cold, no heating was provided yet, so the heater was constantly on.

图为我9月份的统计数据。 天气很冷，还没有提供暖气，所以加热器一直在打开。

Also, statistics can be viewed for any connected device.

此外，可以查看任何已连接设备的统计信息。

By the way, automation and statistics helped to cut electricity costs by more than 2 times.

顺便说一下，自动化和统计数据帮助将电力成本降低了2倍以上。

All events that occur are stored and can be viewed.

所有发生的事件都将被存储并可以查看。

Also on the main page there is a special tab that collects all of the selected main indicators.

此外，在主页上还有一个特殊的选项卡，可收集所有选定的主要指标。

By the way, water metering is implemented through the Xiaomi door/window sensor. To do this, solder the output from the pulse counter a special contact, and BARY will create a virtual counter, in which this sensor can be specified as source.

顺便说一句，通过小米门/窗传感器实现了水计量。 为此，将脉冲计数器的输出焊接到一个特殊的触点上，然后BARY将创建一个虚拟计数器，在该计数器中可以将此传感器指定为源。

架构与安全 (Architecture and security)

The client-server exchange is encrypted using AES technology, and the server is located directly inside the automated room. In my opinion, this protects the system as much as possible from unwanted interventions.

客户端-服务器交换使用AES技术进行加密，并且服务器直接位于自动机房内部。 我认为，这可以最大程度地保护系统免受不必要的干预。

If there is no white IP address, then you can use cloud. It will act as an intermediary, without the possibility of decoding commands, since the keys are on the server.

如果没有白色IP地址，则可以使用云。 由于密钥在服务器上，因此它将充当中介，而无法解码命令。

去哪儿 (Where to get)

The back end can run on almost any platform out there — thanks to NodeJS. For the most common platforms, we have prepared scripts that will do all the work automatically.

得益于NodeJS，后端可以在几乎任何平台上运行。 对于最常见的平台，我们准备了可以自动完成所有工作的脚本。

For Raspberry Pi based on Debian Stretch:

对于基于Debian Stretch的Raspberry Pi：

wget -qO- "http://bary.io/install?setup" | sudo bashwget -qO- "http://bary.io/install?setup" | sudo bash

If someone would like to install on another platform, let us know and we will update the script. If you have any difficulties — you’re also welcome. We really need feedback.

如果有人想在另一个平台上安装，请告诉我们，我们将更新脚本。 如果您有任何困难，也欢迎您。 我们真的需要反馈。

The application is free and available on Google Play and App Store. Perhaps by the end of the year, the application will become paid.

该应用程序是免费的，可在Google Play和App Store中使用 。 也许到今年年底，申请将被支付。

结论 (Conclusion)

Why did I write this article for? The main goal is to get feedback from you.

我为什么要写这篇文章？ 主要目标是获得您的反馈。

Currently, the project is developing rapidly, and our entire team is working to support more equipment from the available on the market. Since I am not the only one working on the project, the tasks remain the same — to create the most convenient application that takes users demands seriously and solves the problems with self-installation of smart solutions for home.

目前，该项目发展Swift，我们的整个团队都在努力从市场上购买更多设备。 由于我不是唯一从事此项目的人，因此任务保持不变-创建最方便的应用程序，该应用程序会认真对待用户的需求并解决自行安装智能解决方案的问题。

We are open to dialogue on possible integrations and we are ready to implement equipment support from companies interested in partnership as soon as possible. You get a finished application so you do not waste time on software development. And we’d love to wided our range of supported devices for every taste and color. It’s a win-win for everybody.

我们愿意就可能的集成进行对话，我们准备尽快对有兴趣的公司实施设备支持。 您将获得一个完成的应用程序，因此您不会在软件开发上浪费时间。 而且，我们很乐意针对每种口味和颜色扩大支持设备的范围。 对每个人来说都是双赢。

未来的计划和愿望 (Future plans and wishes)

Currently, my team and I are actively developing a video storage unit. It will be possible to place videos in home storage or cloud. I think at the beginning of next year we can talk about our new release. Should there be an opportunity to playback the best cat moments, while you’re not at home?

目前，我和我的团队正在积极开发视频存储单元。 可以将视频放置在家庭存储或云中。 我认为明年年初我们可以谈论我们的新版本。 当您不在家时，是否应该有机会播放最佳猫咪时刻？

Next year we are planning more integrations with various services: shopping and to-do list, calendar, etc. Everything you need is on one screen, — and everything in full view. Several turnkey projects have shown that this is very much in demand.

明年，我们计划与各种服务进行更多集成：购物和待办事项，日历等。您需要的一切都在一个屏幕上，并且所有内容都在全屏状态。 几个交钥匙工程表明，这是非常需要的。

We are also planning to start production of controllers with preinstalled software for package solutions for smart home (currently the package solution «software + hardware» is available together with our partners Wiren Board).

我们还计划开始使用预先安装的用于智能家居包装解决方案的软件生产控制器(目前与合作伙伴Wiren Board一起提供“软件+硬件”包装解决方案)。

It also supports Google Home and Amazon Alexa, with more to come!

它还支持Google Home和Amazon Alexa，并且还有更多功能！

By the way, if you are interested, you can see the list of supported devices (not complete) on our website, and if you did not find what you were looking for, feel free to ask in our telegram group, you’re welcome!

顺便说一句，如果您有兴趣，可以在我们的网站上看到支持的设备列表(不完整)，如果找不到您想要的东西，请随时在我们的电报组中提问，欢迎您！

We will be very grateful if you share what you are missing in existing applications and what functions you would like to add.

如果您分享现有应用程序中缺少的内容以及想要添加的功能，我们将非常感谢。

Thank you all for reading this article. Let's make our homes smarter together!

谢谢大家阅读本文。 让我们共同打造更智能的家园！

翻译自: https://habr.com/en/company/bary_io/blog/515484/

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