1.原文

2. 参考译文

3. New words and expressions

★catch v. 抓到

① vt. 捉住，逮住，捕获
The police have caught the thief.
② vt. 抓住，握住Can you catch the ball?
③ vt. 及时赶到，赶上catch a bus 赶车
④ catch的一些固定用法
catch a cold 染上感冒catch one’s breath 摒住呼吸
catch sight of = see 看见catch fire 着火
catch one’s eyes 吸引某人注意力

★boot n. 靴子

a pair of boots 一双靴子

★waste n. 浪费

① n. 浪费 a waste of… 浪费……
It is a waste of time/money/food/water.
② vt. 浪费You are wasting time.

★realize v. 意识到

① v. 认识，知道，明白，意识到
I went into the wrong room without realizing it.
② v. 实现(希望、目标、愿望等)
realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想
③ 使变为事实，使发生(常用于被动语态)
This plan can never be realized.

4. 课文讲解

1、Fishing is my favourite sport.
fishing动名词，可以作主语或宾语★fish
① n. 鱼(不可数名词)，鱼的种类(可数)
There are a lot of fishes(表示种类)in the sea.
② v. 钓鱼, 捕鱼
2、I often fish for hours without catching anything.
for+时间表示一段时间
for hours=for some hours 数小时
without catching anything作为状语而出现, 表示结果状语。without是介词，后面一定要加宾语, 动名词catching作without的宾语，without 后面的动作是主语来做的。动名词也有动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语。
without通常表示“缺乏、没有”；当它位于动名词前时，表示“不曾、不”
I can’t repair the car without your help.
They tried to leave the restaurant without paying.
3、But this does not worry me.
★worry
① v. 烦恼，担扰
worry sb. 某人为……烦恼，担扰(作动词一定要加人作宾语, 翻译时从后往前翻，宾语担心)
The house worried me. / My daughter worried me.
① adj. 担心be worried about ……为……担心
4、Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish.instead of… 我原准备做……但是后来做了……(instead of 后面的词一定是没有做的, 可以放在主句后面)without强调没有做某件事, instead of强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事
副词instead“作为替代，反而”，单独使用时一般出现在句尾If you don’t want a holiday in England, why don’t you go to Australia instead?
5、I am even less lucky.
less是little的比较级，意为“不及，不如，更少”
I spend less time on English than on French.
less+原形 A is less…than B A不如B
6、After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.
spend+时间+在某地在某地度过……时间
after <conj.>+从句在……之后
after <prep.>+名词/动词的ing形式 ……之后(从句主语必须是主句的主语时两种形式可互换)
After I go to school, I learned a lot of knowledge. (用一般式表示一个事实, 不用 “went to” )
After going to school, I learned a lot of knowledge.
介词after的宾语的动名词having spent所表示的动作发生在谓语动词go之前，所以用完成形式。
with an empty bag注意连读
with sth. 有……的，持有……的，随身带着……(状语)Who’s the man with the beard?
without sth. 没带……
I always go home without angthing. 什么都没带回家
7、‘You must give up fishing!’ my friends say.
give up doing sth. = stop doing sth. 放弃做某事
8、I’m not really interested in fishing.
be intersted in sth. / doing sth. 对……感兴趣

5. Key structures

动词+ing作名词时称为动名词，它仍有动词的属性，可以接宾语，动名词可以代替名词做主语和宾语或介词宾语。1、动名词作主语2、动名词作宾语
3、利用介词/副词+动名词可以把两个句子连成一个句子apologize for (not) doing sth. 为什么事情而道歉I must apologize. I interrupted you.
I must apologize for interrupting you.
(for interrupting强调interrupt这个动词)
I must apologize for having interrupted you.(for having interrupted强调interrupt这个动词先发生，强调时间 (having done))
以上两者为时间概念不同，意思相同
congratulate (sb.) on doing sth. 因……祝贺(某人)
动名词用表示完成时的having+过去分词结构往往强调动名词的动词发生在前面。
4、跟动名词的短语
be keen on doing sth.(热忠于……),be fond of,be interested in,enjoy doing sth.，congratulations on doing sth. (祝贺……)be afraid of
be up to=be capable of (capable adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的, 可以…的)可以带动名词的介词有：before，after，without，instead of等
5、动名词的否定式是在它前面直接加not。
Exercises C(用括号中的词来连接下列句子, 如需要可对原句进行必要的改动)
2.She bought a pair of boots. (instead of) She did not get a pair of shoes.
4.(After) She heard the news. She fainted.
after+从句； after prep.+doing
6.(On) I saw the plane coming towards me. I dashed for cover
on (prep.)+doing 一……就……(两个动作必须是同一个人)as soon as 一……就……
the moment +从句一……就……
以上两个主语不一定是同一个人

6. Special Difficulties

Interested and Interesting. Excited and Exciting.
大多数现在分词和许多过去分词都可以作形容词用。以-ed结尾的形容词常与人称主语连用，表示人的情绪、状态、喜好等；以-ing结尾的形容词则常与非人称主语连用，表事物的某种特征、性质等。
Fishing is not interesting. I am not interested in it.
Realize and Understand
realize vt. 意识到……
He didn’t realize that he had made a mistake. understand vt. 明白……I don’t understand English.
Exercises(选择正确的词填空)
3.There was some (excited) (exciting) news on the radio. exciting news
on the radio 在广播上
I got news on the radio/on TV/on the telephone/on the line(在线，在电话里).
5.He is an explorer. He leads an (excited) (exciting) life. an exciting life
explorer n.探险家, 探测者, 探测器
lead a life 过着……日子lead a happy life

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Lesson 20 One man in a boat 独坐孤舟