android 蓝牙搜索、配对连接通信总结

蓝牙协议可以实现一个蓝牙设备和6到8个蓝牙设备进行通信。

1、蓝牙搜索的实现

利用蓝牙的发现和完成动作动态注册广播接受者获得蓝牙设备。

第一步，获得蓝牙适配器

BluetoothAdapter mBtAdapter= BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

<span style="white-space:pre">  </span>// 判断蓝牙是否打开
<span style="white-space:pre">             </span>if (!mAdapter.isEnabled()) {
<span style="white-space:pre">                 </span>mAdapter.enable();

第二步动态注册蓝牙搜索广播接收者

  // Register for broadcasts when a device is discoveredIntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);this.registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);// Register for broadcasts when discovery has finishedfilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);this.registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

并且可以利用意图过滤器设置广播的优先级

 filter.setPriority(Integer.MAX_VALUE);

对应的广播接收者：

 // The BroadcastReceiver that listens for discovered devices and// changes the title when discovery is finishedprivate final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();// When discovery finds a deviceif (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {// Get the BluetoothDevice object from the IntentBluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);// If it's already paired, skip it, because it's been listed alreadyif (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());}// When discovery is finished, change the Activity title} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(false);setTitle(R.string.select_device);if (mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.getCount() == 0) {String noDevices = getResources().getText(R.string.none_found).toString();mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.add(noDevices);}}}};

或者利用发现和完成动作定义两个广播接受者，在完成的动作中注销广播接收者。

关键代码如下：

/*** 接收器 当搜索蓝牙设备完成时调用*/private BroadcastReceiver _foundReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);// 将结果添加到列表中_devices.add(device);DeviceInfo info = new DeviceInfo();info.setmDeviceName(device.getName());info.setmDeviceMacAddr(device.getAddress());infos.add(info);info = null;// 显示列表showDevices();}};private BroadcastReceiver _discoveryReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {// 卸载注册的接收器unregisterReceiver(_foundReceiver);unregisterReceiver(this);_discoveryFinished = true;}};

这样便完成蓝牙的搜索了。

2、蓝牙配对

蓝牙要想通信目前是必须要先配对才能连接的。

蓝牙配对的api是hide的。但是api19可以直接调用蓝牙设备的配对方法。

所以配对都是利用反射的方法。这里有一个强大的工具类可以直接拿来使用，如下：

public class ClsUtils {public ClsUtils() {// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}/** * 与设备配对 参考源码：platform/packages/apps/Settings.git * /Settings/src/com/android/settings/bluetooth/CachedBluetoothDevice.java */  static public boolean createBond(Class<? extends BluetoothDevice> btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice)  throws Exception  {  Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("createBond");  Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(btDevice);  return returnValue.booleanValue();  }  /** * 与设备解除配对 参考源码：platform/packages/apps/Settings.git * /Settings/src/com/android/settings/bluetooth/CachedBluetoothDevice.java */  static public boolean removeBond(Class<? extends BluetoothDevice> btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice)  throws Exception  {  Method removeBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("removeBond");  Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) removeBondMethod.invoke(btDevice);  return returnValue.booleanValue();  }  static public boolean setPin(Class btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice,  String str) throws Exception  {  try  {  Method removeBondMethod = btClass.getDeclaredMethod("setPin",  new Class[]  {byte[].class});  Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) removeBondMethod.invoke(btDevice,  new Object[]  {str.getBytes()});  Log.e("returnValue设置密码", "" + returnValue.booleanValue());  return returnValue.booleanValue();  }  catch (SecurityException e)  {  // throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());  e.printStackTrace();  }  catch (IllegalArgumentException e)  {  // throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());  e.printStackTrace();  }  catch (Exception e)  {  // TODO Auto-generated catch block  e.printStackTrace();  }  return false;  }  // 取消用户输入  static public boolean cancelPairingUserInput(Class<?> btClass,  BluetoothDevice device)  throws Exception  {  Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("cancelPairingUserInput");  cancelBondProcess(btClass,device) ; Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);  Log.i("取消对话框","cancelPairingUserInput"+returnValue.booleanValue());return returnValue.booleanValue();  }  // 取消配对  static public boolean cancelBondProcess(Class<?> btClass,  BluetoothDevice device)  throws Exception  {  Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("cancelBondProcess");  Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);  return returnValue.booleanValue();  }  /** * * @param clsShow */  static public void printAllInform(Class<?> clsShow)  {  try  {  // 取得所有方法  Method[] hideMethod = clsShow.getMethods();  int i = 0;  for (; i < hideMethod.length; i++)  {  Log.e("method name", hideMethod[i].getName() + ";and the i is:"  + i);  }  // 取得所有常量  Field[] allFields = clsShow.getFields();  for (i = 0; i < allFields.length; i++)  {  Log.e("Field name", allFields[i].getName());  }  }  catch (SecurityException e)  {  // throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());  e.printStackTrace();  }  catch (IllegalArgumentException e)  {  // throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());  e.printStackTrace();  }  catch (Exception e)  {  // TODO Auto-generated catch block  e.printStackTrace();  }  }  static public boolean pair(String strAddr, String strPsw)  {  boolean result = false;  BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter  .getDefaultAdapter();  bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();  if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled())  {  bluetoothAdapter.enable();  }  BluetoothDevice device = bluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(strAddr);  if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED)  {  try  {  Log.d("mylog", "NOT BOND_BONDED");  boolean flag1=ClsUtils.setPin(device.getClass(), device, strPsw); // 手机和蓝牙采集器配对  boolean flag2=ClsUtils.createBond(device.getClass(), device);
//                remoteDevice = device; // 配对完毕就把这个设备对象传给全局的remoteDevice result = true;  }  catch (Exception e)  {  // TODO Auto-generated catch block  Log.d("mylog", "setPiN failed!");  e.printStackTrace();  } //  }  else  {  Log.d("mylog", "HAS BOND_BONDED");  try  {  ClsUtils.removeBond(device.getClass(), device);//ClsUtils.createBond(device.getClass(), device);  boolean flag1= ClsUtils.setPin(device.getClass(), device, strPsw); // 手机和蓝牙采集器配对  boolean flag2=ClsUtils.createBond(device.getClass(), device);
//                remoteDevice = device; // 如果绑定成功，就直接把这个设备对象传给全局的remoteDevice result = true;  }  catch (Exception e)  {  // TODO Auto-generated catch block  Log.d("mylog", "setPiN failed!");  e.printStackTrace();  }  }  return result;  }  }

蓝牙配对的关键代码：

 flag3= ClsUtils.createBond(device.getClass(), device);

其中device是蓝牙设备。在配对的时候会有一个配对广播，可以自定义一个广播接受者获取配对广播，然后在这个广播接收者里设置pin值，取消确定对话框，实现自动配对。关键代码如下：

mReceiver=new ParingReceiver(device);IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();filter.addAction( BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);filter.setPriority(Integer.MAX_VALUE);registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

private class ParingReceived extends BroadcastReceiver{@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {BluetoothDevice btDevice=mAdapter.getRemoteDevice("EC:89:F5:98:46:f9");try {setPin(btDevice.getClass(),btDevice,"000000");cancelPairingUserInput(btDevice.getClass(), btDevice);} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}

在我的4.2系统上是没有效果的。找了一个上午的资料；网上给出了两种解决方法：（1）修改setting 系统源码，（2）模拟点击事件。

蓝牙配对完成后就可以连接通信了。

3、蓝牙通信

蓝牙同时的本质是蓝牙套接字，一个主动发起连接的的设备做客户端，一个监听连接的设备做服务端，类似sokcet网络编程，利用多线程，读取数据流就可完成蓝牙通信。

如下是蓝牙串口通信的关键代码：

/*** 建立连接并通信* * @param btDev* @return*/private boolean connect(BluetoothDevice btDev) {boolean flag = false;try {/*if(btDev.fetchUuidsWithSdp()){btDev.getUuids();}*///建立连接mSocket = btDev                           .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));mSocket.connect();mOutputStream = mSocket.getOutputStream();mInputStream = mSocket.getInputStream();mOutputStream.write("StartOnNet\n".getBytes());mOutputStream.flush();flag = true;} catch (Exception e) {}

如下蓝牙服务端关键代码：

private class ServerThread implements Runnable {private InputStream mInputStream;private OutputStream mOutputStream;public ServerThread() {}@Overridepublic void run() {try {while (true) {mBluetoothServerSocket = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord("btspp",UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));Log.i("服务端线程运行", "蓝牙服务端线程开始");Log.i("服务端线程运行", "蓝牙服务端线程阻塞中");mBluetoothSocket = mBluetoothServerSocket.accept();if (mBluetoothSocket != null) {break;}}Log.i("服务端线程运行", "蓝牙服务端线程<<<<<<<<<<<<<");mInputStream = mBluetoothSocket.getInputStream();mOutputStream = mBluetoothSocket.getOutputStream();byte[] data = getSocketResult(mInputStream);String tempString = new String(data);Log.i("蓝牙服务端监听str", tempString);// 向客户端发送数据if (tempString.equals("StartOnNet\n")) {mOutputStream.write("haha".getBytes());mOutputStream.flush();if(!isServiceRunning("com.yqq.endClient3.service.GpsInfoCollectionService",BluethoothServer.this)){// 开启GPS收集服务gpsService= new Intent(BluethoothServer.this,GpsInfoCollectionService.class);Log.i("蓝牙服务端监听<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<", "<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<");startService(gpsService);}}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exception} finally {if (mInputStream != null) {try {mInputStream.close();mInputStream = null;} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}if (mInputStream != null) {try {mOutputStream.close();mOutputStream = null;} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}if (mBluetoothSocket != null) {try {mBluetoothSocket.close();mBluetoothSocket = null;} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}if (mBluetoothServerSocket != null) {try {mBluetoothServerSocket.close();mBluetoothServerSocket = null;Looper.prepare();Message message = Message.obtain();message.what = 0x123456;mHandler.sendMessage(message);Looper.loop();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}}}}

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