Unity3D学习笔记（四）牧师和魔鬼游戏改进

在上次做的牧师和魔鬼的游戏中，场记基本负责了所有的工作，加载资源，移动游戏对象，很明显这样的游戏结构很难维护，很难拓展，很不面向对象，所以这次的工作就是利用工厂模式来生产动作。弥补了上次没有上船动作的缺点。

先上UML图：

UML图实在是花的丑，有空再改。

工厂模式解释：

CCAction, CCSequenceAction等就是工厂，他的产品就是SSAction，由SSActionManager统一管理。具体的动作都是继承SSAction进行自定义。这里我定义了两个动作，一个是MoveToAction 用于船的移动，因为船是直线移动同时确定终点起点，第二个是MoveAction，用于上船的运动，因为魔鬼和牧师出发的位置不一定，所以要根据具体位置进行计算重点，但是其移动的距离和方向却是确定的，再利用CCSequenceAction进行简单动作的组合。

每个SSAction都包含一个callback属性，在完成后通知动作的管理者。

值得说明的是，在编写这个游戏的过程中，我遇到了一个bug解决了两天。就是一个动作只能执行一次，下一次就不能正常的执行了。我排查了许久，终于发现是action.destroy 和 action.enable没有进行初始化。

关键代码讲解：
SSActionManager.cs

public class SSActionManager : MonoBehaviour {private Dictionary<int, SSAction> actions = new Dictionary<int, SSAction> ();private List<SSAction> waitingAdd = new List<SSAction>();private List<int> waitingDelete = new List<int>();protected void Update() {foreach (SSAction ac in waitingAdd){actions[ac.GetInstanceID()] = ac;}waitingAdd.Clear();foreach (KeyValuePair<int, SSAction> kv in actions) {SSAction ac = kv.Value;if (ac.destory) {waitingDelete.Add(ac.GetInstanceID());} else if (ac.enable) {ac.Update();}}foreach(int key in waitingDelete) {SSAction ac = actions[key];actions.Remove(key);DestroyObject(ac);}waitingDelete.Clear();}public void RunAction(GameObject gameobject, SSAction action, ISSActionCallback manager) {action.gameobject = gameobject;// just let it move relative to their fatheraction.transform = gameobject.transform;action.callback = manager;/* !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!* bug happen here --20170320 2306* if this action is used twice, we need to reset* action.destory and action.enable* But this is not a good convention* -- by BowenWu*/action.destory = false;action.enable = true;waitingAdd.Add(action);action.Start();}protected void Start() {}
}

RunAction方法：

这个方法负责所有动作的执行，其他动作在需要执行的时候就调用这个方法。这个方法会将需要执行的动作放入集合中，在每个Update统一管理，调用Update。这是因为其他动作的类并没有继承MonoBehavior并不会在每帧自动执行，而这个manger是会在每帧自动执行。

waitingAdd队列：

由于动作可能在任何时候进入，同时他进入的时候并不一定会是在一帧刚好结束时，这其中情况很多，不可预料，所以将其先放入waitingAdd队列中，然后在update下一次执行时再使其加入到actions字典中。

waitingDelete队列：

当游戏规模变大时，游戏资源、对象相关的依赖性增加，如果立即销毁对象，可能导致离散引擎并发的行为之间依赖关系产生不可预知错误。所以在渲染前才删去。

以下代码为这次的内容，上次的代码也需要进行少部分改变，那些内容不是很难，如果需要的可以给我留言。
将CCActionManger和GenGameobject挂在空对象上，就可以运行啦！

SSAction.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class SSAction : ScriptableObject {public bool enable = true;public bool destory = false;public GameObject gameobject {get; set; }public Transform transform {get; set; }public ISSActionCallback callback {get; set;}protected SSAction () {}public virtual void Start() {throw new System.NotImplementedException();}public virtual void Update() {throw new System.NotImplementedException();}
}

SSActionManager.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class SSActionManager : MonoBehaviour {private Dictionary<int, SSAction> actions = new Dictionary<int, SSAction> ();private List<SSAction> waitingAdd = new List<SSAction>();private List<int> waitingDelete = new List<int>();protected void Update() {foreach (SSAction ac in waitingAdd){actions[ac.GetInstanceID()] = ac;}waitingAdd.Clear();foreach (KeyValuePair<int, SSAction> kv in actions) {SSAction ac = kv.Value;if (ac.destory) {waitingDelete.Add(ac.GetInstanceID());} else if (ac.enable) {ac.Update();}}foreach(int key in waitingDelete) {SSAction ac = actions[key];actions.Remove(key);DestroyObject(ac);}waitingDelete.Clear();}public void RunAction(GameObject gameobject, SSAction action, ISSActionCallback manager) {action.gameobject = gameobject;// just let it move relative to their fatheraction.transform = gameobject.transform;action.callback = manager;/* !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!* bug happen here --20170320 2306* if this action is used twice, we need to reset* action.destory and action.enable* But this is not a good convention* -- by BowenWu*/action.destory = false;action.enable = true;waitingAdd.Add(action);action.Start();}protected void Start() {}
}

ISSActionCallback.cs:

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public enum SSActionEventType: int
{Started, Competeted
}public interface ISSActionCallback
{void SSActionEvent(SSAction source,SSActionEventType events = SSActionEventType.Competeted,int intParam = 0,string strParam = null,Object objectParam = null);
}

CCActionManager.cs:

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class CCActionManager : SSActionManager, ISSActionCallback {public CCMoveToAction boat_to_end, boat_to_begin;// simple moves used to make a sequence movepublic CCMoveAction move_up, move_down;public CCMoveToAction move_to_boat_left_begin, move_to_boat_right_begin;public CCMoveToAction move_to_boat_left_end, move_to_boat_right_end;public CCSequenceAction get_on_boat_left_begin, get_on_boat_right_begin;public CCSequenceAction get_on_boat_left_end, get_on_boat_right_end;// public CCSequenceAction get_off_boat;private float object_speed;private float boat_speed;public GenGameObjects sceneController;protected new void Start() {object_speed = 4.0f;boat_speed = 4.0f;sceneController = (GenGameObjects)SSDirector.getInstance().currentSceneController;sceneController.actionManager = this;move_up = CCMoveAction.GetSSAction(new Vector3(0, 1, 0), object_speed);move_down = CCMoveAction.GetSSAction(new Vector3(0, -1, 0), object_speed);move_to_boat_left_begin = CCMoveToAction.GetSSAction(new Vector3(-2.3f, 2, 0), object_speed);move_to_boat_right_begin = CCMoveToAction.GetSSAction(new Vector3(-1.2f, 2, 0), object_speed);move_to_boat_left_end = CCMoveToAction.GetSSAction (new Vector3 (0.7f, 2, 0), object_speed);move_to_boat_right_end = CCMoveToAction.GetSSAction (new Vector3 (1.8f, 2, 0), object_speed);get_on_boat_left_begin = CCSequenceAction.GetSSAction(0, 0, new List<SSAction> {move_up, move_to_boat_left_begin, move_down});get_on_boat_right_begin = CCSequenceAction.GetSSAction(0, 0, new List<SSAction> {move_up, move_to_boat_right_begin, move_down});get_on_boat_left_end = CCSequenceAction.GetSSAction (0, 0, new List<SSAction> {move_up,move_to_boat_left_end,move_down});get_on_boat_right_end = CCSequenceAction.GetSSAction (0, 0, new List<SSAction> {move_up,move_to_boat_right_end,move_down});boat_to_end = CCMoveToAction.GetSSAction (new Vector3 (1.7f, 0, 0), boat_speed);boat_to_begin = CCMoveToAction.GetSSAction (new Vector3 (-1.7f, 0, 0), boat_speed);}protected new void Update() {base.Update();}public void SSActionEvent(SSAction source, SSActionEventType events = SSActionEventType.Competeted,int intParam = 0, string strParam = null, Object objectParam = null) {Debug.Log ("change back Game_state");sceneController.game_state = GenGameObjects.State.normal;// sceneController.game_state = sceneController.State.moving;}
}

CCMoveToAction.cs:

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class CCMoveToAction : SSAction {public Vector3 target;public float speed;public static CCMoveToAction GetSSAction(Vector3 target, float speed) {CCMoveToAction action = ScriptableObject.CreateInstance<CCMoveToAction>();action.target = target;action.speed = speed;return action;}public override void Update() {this.transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards(this.transform.position, target, speed * Time.deltaTime);if (this.transform.position == target) {this.destory = true;this.callback.SSActionEvent(this);}}public override void Start() {Debug.Log ("MoveToAction, target is " + target);// make move on relative cordinate}
}

CCMoveAction.cs:

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class CCMoveAction : SSAction {// this kind of action move towards the Vector3// but not move to a targetpublic Vector3 distance;private Vector3 target;public float speed;public static CCMoveAction GetSSAction(Vector3 distance, float speed) {CCMoveAction action = ScriptableObject.CreateInstance<CCMoveAction>();action.distance = distance;action.speed = speed;return action;}public override void Update() {this.transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards(this.transform.position, target, speed * Time.deltaTime);if (this.transform.position == target) {this.destory = true;this.callback.SSActionEvent(this);}}public override void Start() {target = this.transform.position + distance;Debug.Log ("on MoveAction Start!");Debug.Log ("target is :" + target);}
}

CCSequenceAction.cs:

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class CCSequenceAction : SSAction, ISSActionCallback {public List<SSAction> sequence;public int repeat = -1;public int start = 0;public static CCSequenceAction GetSSAction(int repeat, int start, List<SSAction> sequence) {CCSequenceAction action = ScriptableObject.CreateInstance<CCSequenceAction>();action.repeat = repeat;action.sequence = sequence;action.start = start;return action;}public override void Update() {/*if (sequence.Count == 0) return;if (start < sequence.Count) {sequence[start].Update();}*/sequence [start].Update ();}public override void Start() {Debug.Log ("on CCSequenceActionStart");// Debug.Log (this.transform.parent);foreach (SSAction action in sequence){action.gameobject = this.gameobject;action.transform = this.transform;action.callback = this;}start = 0;sequence [0].Start ();}public void SSActionEvent(SSAction source, SSActionEventType events = SSActionEventType.Competeted,int intParam = 0, string strParam = null, Object objectParam = null) {source.destory = false;this.start++;if (this.start >= sequence.Count) {this.start = 0;if (repeat > 0) repeat--;if (repeat == 0) {this.destory = true;this.callback.SSActionEvent(this);}} else {sequence [start].Start ();}}
}