1)构词法：

a 缀合法(affixation)前缀、后缀一般来说，前缀改变单词的词义，而后缀改变单词的词性。常见的词缀有：常见的前缀

1．否定前缀

un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, in- incomplete, incapable, im- imperfect, impartial, immortal dis- disable, disadvantage mis- misplace, mislead, misfortune ab- abnormal de- deactivate, degrade il- illegal, illiterate ir- irregular, irrelative mal- malfunction, malnutrition

2. trans —across (横过)through (通过)

beyond (那边)from one place to another transient 短暂的transplant 移植(器官)

transaction 交易transition 过渡，转

变transition from A to B transition period transform 完全改变…的外观

/ 特性transformation(常做陪衬)transfer 传递，迁移translate 翻译transport 运输

3. com-, con- 1 、加强语气2 、共同，一

起

combine, compete, compromise confirm, conspicuous, concession

4. -tain 1 、支撑2 、保持，维持，保留sustain ，retain, maintain

5. re- 再，又，回，反

renew, reshape, refresh

6. uni- / mono- one (一个)，sole (单一

的)

uniform, unique, unity

monotonous (单调的),monopoly (垄断)

7. ex- 向外，超出

expand extend exceed excessive exclusive (ly) excursion

8. pre-/pro- 前，在前predominant precede,

previous, proceed, prominent, propel

9. magn- 大(large )magnify(microscope),

magnificent,

10. viv- /vit- live, life

活

Vivid, survive, revive

11. inter- 在……之间intervene, interfere

12. man/manu- hand

science, scientific, consciousness

14. sub- / sus- 下，次，附属

subsidiary subordinate(to)

sustain

15. laps 滑，落

(时间)elapse, collapse

16. spec- / spic- look

spectator, speculate, spectacular,

17. clud (s)-, clos- 关闭shut

conclude, include ,exclusive close

18. not- note

notify notion(=idea)notorious

19. homo- same homogeneously

20. simul- together

Simultaneously

21. multi —多，多倍

multiply, multitude

22. contra, contro 相反

Contradiction contrary controversy

23. dict-say, tell, speak dictate, dictator ,

dictionary, verdict,

24. per-through

permeate, perplex, permanent, perpetual, 25. ver- truth

verify verdict

26. -logy study (学习)science

biology psychology

27. -vert / -vers turn

divert advertise diversify

生命，生

vital, vitamin 相

互

手工)

manufacture , manipulate ，manuscript

13. sci- knowledge

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