csdn网友提出关于expdp exclude及impdp问题解答

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1， csdn网友的问题：

解决方案：

数据库版本

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bi

PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production

CORE 10.2.0.5.0 Production

TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production

expdp官方说明

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp -help

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 2:42:15

The Data Pump export utility provides a mechanism for transferring data objects

between Oracle databases. The utility is invoked with the following command:

Example: expdp scott/tiger DIRECTORY=dmpdir DUMPFILE=scott.dmp

You can control how Export runs by entering the 'expdp' command followed

by various parameters. To specify parameters, you use keywords:

Format: expdp KEYWORD=value or KEYWORD=(value1,value2,...,valueN)

Example: expdp scott/tiger DUMPFILE=scott.dmp DIRECTORY=dmpdir SCHEMAS=scott

or TABLES=(T1:P1,T1:P2), if T1 is partitioned table

USERID must be the first parameter on the command line.

Keyword Description (Default)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ATTACH Attach to existing job, e.g. ATTACH [=job name].

COMPRESSION Reduce size of dumpfile contents where valid

keyword values are: (METADATA_ONLY) and NONE.

CONTENT Specifies data to unload where the valid keywords are:

(ALL), DATA_ONLY, and METADATA_ONLY.

DIRECTORY Directory object to be used for dumpfiles and logfiles.

DUMPFILE List of destination dump files (expdat.dmp),

e.g. DUMPFILE=scott1.dmp, scott2.dmp, dmpdir:scott3.dmp.

ENCRYPTION_PASSWORD Password key for creating encrypted column data.

ESTIMATE Calculate job estimates where the valid keywords are:

(BLOCKS) and STATISTICS.

ESTIMATE_ONLY Calculate job estimates without performing the export.

EXCLUDE Exclude specific object types, e.g. EXCLUDE=TABLE:EMP.

FILESIZE Specify the size of each dumpfile in units of bytes.

FLASHBACK_SCN SCN used to set session snapshot back to.

FLASHBACK_TIME Time used to get the SCN closest to the specified time.

FULL Export entire database (N).

HELP Display Help messages (N).

INCLUDE Include specific object types, e.g. INCLUDE=TABLE_DATA.

JOB_NAME Name of export job to create.

LOGFILE Log file name (export.log).

NETWORK_LINK Name of remote database link to the source system.

NOLOGFILE Do not write logfile (N).

PARALLEL Change the number of active workers for current job.

PARFILE Specify parameter file.

QUERY Predicate clause used to export a subset of a table.

SAMPLE Percentage of data to be exported;

SCHEMAS List of schemas to export (login schema).

STATUS Frequency (secs) job status is to be monitored where

the default (0) will show new status when available.

TABLES Identifies a list of tables to export - one schema only.

TABLESPACES Identifies a list of tablespaces to export.

TRANSPORT_FULL_CHECK Verify storage segments of all tables (N).

TRANSPORT_TABLESPACES List of tablespaces from which metadata will be unloaded.

VERSION Version of objects to export where valid keywords are:

(COMPATIBLE), LATEST, or any valid database version.

The following commands are valid while in interactive mode.

Note: abbreviations are allowed

Command Description

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ADD_FILE Add dumpfile to dumpfile set.

CONTINUE_CLIENT Return to logging mode. Job will be re-started if idle.

EXIT_CLIENT Quit client session and leave job running.

FILESIZE Default filesize (bytes) for subsequent ADD_FILE commands.

HELP Summarize interactive commands.

KILL_JOB Detach and delete job.

PARALLEL Change the number of active workers for current job.

PARALLEL=.

START_JOB Start/resume current job.

STATUS Frequency (secs) job status is to be monitored where

the default (0) will show new status when available.

STATUS[=interval]

STOP_JOB Orderly shutdown of job execution and exits the client.

STOP_JOB=IMMEDIATE performs an immediate shutdown of the

Data Pump job.

exclude选项官方说明

EXCLUDE

Default: none

Purpose

Enablesyou to filter the metadata that is exported by specifying objects and object types that you want excludedfrom the export operation.

Syntax and Description

EXCLUDE=object_type[:name_clause] [, ...]

All object types for the given mode of export will be included except those specified in an EXCLUDE statement. If an object is excluded, all of its dependent objects are also excluded. For example, excluding a table will also exclude all indexes and triggers on the table.

The name_clause is optional. It allows selection of specific objects within an object type. It is a SQL expression used as a filter on the type's object names. It consists of a SQL operator and the values against which the object names of the specified type are to be compared. The name clause applies only to object types whose instances have names (for example, it is applicable to TABLE, but not to GRANT). The name clause must be separated from the object type with a colon and enclosed in double quotation marks, because single-quotation marks are required to delimit the name strings. For example, you could set EXCLUDE=INDEX:"LIKE 'EMP%'"to exclude all indexes whose names start with emp.

If no name_clause is provided, all objects of the specified type are excluded.

More than one EXCLUDE statement can be specified.

Oracle recommends that you place EXCLUDE clauses in a parameter file to avoid having to use escape characters on the command line.

小结：

name_clause是可选项，如不指定，则不导出由object_type指定的所有对象类型

name_clause必须由双引号括起来，而非单引号

name_clause适用于有具体名称的对象，不适于grant

可以指定多个exclude子句

如果要指定排除某个对象类型的对象，可以采用object_type:"in ('object_name'')"

或者object_type:"like 'emp%'" and so on

为了防止命令转义，可以把exclude选项值单独放在parfile中，这样可读性好

SQL> col directory_name for a30

SQL> col directory_path for a100

SQL> col owner for a10

SQL> set linesize 300

SQL> select owner,directory_name,directory_path from dba_directories;

OWNER DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH

---------- ------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SYS DATA_PUMP_DIR /home/ora10g/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/log/

SYS ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR /home/ora10g/product/10.2.0/db_1/ccr/state

SQL>

用户tbs_11204的表

SQL> conn tbs_11204/system

Connected.

SQL> select tname from tab;

TNAME

------------------------------

T_SEX

CARD_SALE_DETAIL

V_T_NON_PARTITION

T_LIST_PARTITION

T_PK

T_BIND

STAT_T_STAT

T_STAT

T_PARTITION

T_BIG_TABLE

T_COMP_IDX

TNAME

------------------------------

RM_PARTH_RELATION

RM_PARTY

T_LOCK_STAT

T_MV

MLOG$_T_MV

T_SIZE

MV_T_MV_SECOND

T_NON_PARTITION_TEMP

T_NON_PARTITION

20 rows selected.

SQL> select count(*) from tab;

COUNT(*)

----------

导出用户tbs_11204的数据，但不导出其中的表t_sex

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system directory=data_pump_dir dumpfile=20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp exclude=tbs_11204:t_sex

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 2:48:45

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39038: Object path "TBS_11204" is not supported for SCHEMA jobs.

授权给导出用户

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Fri Aug 15 02:49:04 2014

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> grant read,write on directory data_pump_dir to tbs_11204;

Grant succeeded.

导出仍旧报错

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system dumpfile=DATA_PUMP_DIR:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp exclude=tbs_11204:t_sex

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 2:53:12

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39038: Object path "TBS_11204" is not supported for SCHEMA jobs.

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ sqlplus tbs_11204/system

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Fri Aug 15 02:54:36 2014

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> host

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ pwd

/home/ora10g

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ mkdir -p /home/ora10g/tbs_11204

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ exit

exit

SQL> create directory dir_tbs_11204 as '/home/ora10g/tbs_11204';

Directory created.

报错依旧

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp exclude=tbs_11204:t_sex

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 2:58:01

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39038: Object path "TBS_11204" is not supported for SCHEMA jobs.

移除exclude选项expdp成功，说明exclude里面内容编写有误

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 2:59:28

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": tbs_11204/******** dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 347.3 MB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

中间略

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_PK" 0 KB 0 rows

Master table "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for TBS_11204.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/home/ora10g/tbs_11204/20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp

Job "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 03:00:02

[ora10g@seconary ~]$

加上选项exclude，仍旧报错

注意标红部分，表明exclude里面的内容格式不对

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp exclude=table:t_sex

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 3:02:08

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39071: Value for EXCLUDE is badly formed.

ORA-00920: invalid relational operator

修正exclude,只指定对象类型expdp成功

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp exclude=table

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 3:02:37

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": tbs_11204/******** dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp exclude=table

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 0 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/MATERIALIZED_VIEW

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/JOB

Master table "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for TBS_11204.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/home/ora10g/tbs_11204/20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp

Job "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 03:02:39

[ora10g@seconary ~]$

编写一个命令选项参数文件，其内容为：排除单表t_sex

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ more zxy_parfile.txt

exclude=TABLE:"LIKE 'T_SEX%'"

或者

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ more zxy_parfile.txt

exclude=TABLE:"in ('T_SEX')"

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp parfile=./zxy_parfile.txt

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 3:17:41

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": tbs_11204/******** dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp parfile=./zxy_parfile.txt

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 347.2 MB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/POST_TABLE_ACTION

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/MATERIALIZED_VIEW

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/MATERIALIZED_VIEW_LOG

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/JOB

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_SIZE" 36.49 MB 3000000 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION_TEMP" 34.12 MB 2000000 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_LOCK_STAT" 14.76 MB 1130030 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_BIND" 28.55 MB 2000000 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_BIG_TABLE" 18.82 MB 1600000 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_PARTITION":"P4" 13.31 MB 999701 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."CARD_SALE_DETAIL":"P1" 6.331 MB 333336 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."CARD_SALE_DETAIL":"P2" 6.331 MB 333332 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."CARD_SALE_DETAIL":"P3" 6.236 MB 333332 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P1" 2.858 MB 166667 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P10" 2.864 MB 166666 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P11" 2.864 MB 166666 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P2" 2.864 MB 166667 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P3" 2.864 MB 166667 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P4" 2.858 MB 166667 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P5" 2.858 MB 166667 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P6" 2.864 MB 166667 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P7" 2.864 MB 166667 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P8" 2.858 MB 166667 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P9" 2.858 MB 166666 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_COMP_IDX" 5.691 MB 360000 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_NON_PARTITION":"P0" 2.699 MB 166666 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."RM_PARTH_RELATION" 4.803 MB 362104 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."RM_PARTY" 3.739 MB 264813 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."STAT_T_STAT" 12.37 KB 3 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_LIST_PARTITION":"P1" 5.273 KB 1 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_PARTITION":"P3" 6.414 KB 100 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_STAT" 5.585 KB 3 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."MLOG$_T_MV" 0 KB 0 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."MV_T_MV_SECOND" 0 KB 0 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_LIST_PARTITION":"P2" 0 KB 0 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_MV" 0 KB 0 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_PARTITION":"P2" 0 KB 0 rows

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_PK" 0 KB 0 rows

Master table "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for TBS_11204.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/home/ora10g/tbs_11204/20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp

Job "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 03:17:55

[ora10g@seconary ~]$

排除多个表

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ more zxy_parfile.txt

exclude=TABLE:"in ('T_SEX','T_PK')"

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp parfile=./zxy_parfile.txt

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 3:29:20

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": tbs_11204/******** dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp parfile=./zxy_parfile.txt

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 347.2 MB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

中间略

. . exported "TBS_11204"."T_PARTITION":"P2" 0 KB 0 rows

Master table "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for TBS_11204.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/home/ora10g/tbs_11204/20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp

Job "TBS_11204"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 03:29:36

[ora10g@seconary ~]$

排除不同的对象类型

SQL> select object_name from user_objects where lower(object_type)='procedure';

OBJECT_NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PROC_T_NON_PARTITION

PROC_TEST

多个exclude子句

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ more zxy_parfile.txt

exclude=TABLE:"in ('T_SEX','T_PK')" exclude=PROCEDURE:"in ('PROC_TEST')"

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ rm -rf /home/ora10g/tbs_11204/20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp

[ora10g@seconary ~]$ expdp tbs_11204/system dumpfile=dir_tbs_11204:20140815_exclude_t_sex.dmp parfile=./zxy_parfile.txt

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 15 August, 2014 3:33:37