全国英语四级考试翻译特训题

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part 1

2017年12月大学英语四级翻译练习：度量衡

计量，古称度量衡，是实现单位制统一，保证量值准确可靠的活动，是现代国家经济、科技、社会发展的重要基础。计量历史悠久，关系国计民生。公元前221年秦朝建立，秦始皇统一度量衡，成为中国古代统一计量制度的里程碑。1875年5月20日《米制公约》的签署，开辟了全球范围内推行国际单位制的近代计量新纪元。以量子物理为基础的`现代计量科学技术的研究与应用，为人类文明发展提供了更加精准的现代计量技术保障。1999年第21届国际计量大会决定：自2000年起，每年5月20日为“世界计量日”。2015年世界计量日的中国宣传主题与国际主题一致，为“计量与光”。

参考译文：

Measurement, which is called metrology in ancient times, is the important foundation of social development of the modern countries’ economy, science and technology. It has a long history and plays an important role in national welfare and the people's livelihood. Established in 221 BC, in the Qin dynasty, Qinshihuang unified weights and measures, and became a unified system for the measurement of milestone in ancient China. On May 20th, 1875, the signing of the convention on metric, opened up a worldwide to implement new era of modern international system of units of measurement. Based on quantum physics, research and application of modern measurement science and technology, provides more accurate modern metrology technical support for the development of human civilization. In 1999, the 21st international conference on measurement made a decision that since 2000, May 20 is for "World Metrology Day". China's propaganda theme of 2015 is in line with international theme for "measurement and light".

part 2

请将下面这段话翻译成英文：

尽管中国古代神话(mythology)没有十分完整的情节，神话人物也没有系统的家谱(genealogy)，但它们却有着鲜明的东方文化特色，其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神(the spirit of esteeming virtue)。这种尚德精神在与西方神话特别是希腊神话比较时，显得更加突出。在西方神话尤其是希腊神话中，对神的褒贬标准多以智慧、力量为准则，而中国古代神话对神的褒贬则多以道德为准绳。这种思维方式深植于中国的文化之中。几千年来，这种尚德精神影响着人们对历史人物的品评与现实人物的期望。

参考译文：

Although ancient Chinese mythology does not have relatively complete plot and mythological figures don't have systematic genealogy, they have distinct features of oriental culture, among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant.When compared with Western mythology, especially Greek mythology, this spirit of esteeming virtue is even more prominent.In Western mythology, especially Greek mythology,the criteria for judging whether a god is good or not are mostly the god's wisdom and strength,while in ancient Chinese mythology, the criterion lies in morality. This way of thinking is deeply rooted in Chinese culture.For thousands of years, this spirit of esteeming virtue has affected people's comments on historical figures and expectations of real people.

词句点拨

1.神话人物:可译为mythological figures。

2.系统的家谱:可译为systematic genealogy。其中systematic意为系统的，是system的形容词形式。

3.其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神:将此句译为定语从句among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant,承接前一句，可以使译文结构更加紧凑，逻辑更加清晰。

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