问题描述

vc工程文件中的很多属性设置，比如输出目录、中间目录和输出文件名等等。使用vs单独操作设置较为繁琐，如果几十甚至上百个工程操作就更为繁琐了。于是决定编写一个python脚本来实现批量修改vc工程文件。

实现思路

首先我们打开一个vc工程文件，可以发现它本质上的一个xml文件。如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="14.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003"><ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations"><ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32"><Configuration>Debug</Configuration><Platform>Win32</Platform></ProjectConfiguration><ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32"><Configuration>Release</Configuration><Platform>Win32</Platform></ProjectConfiguration><ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64"><Configuration>Debug</Configuration><Platform>x64</Platform></ProjectConfiguration><ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64"><Configuration>Release</Configuration><Platform>x64</Platform></ProjectConfiguration></ItemGroup><PropertyGroup Label="Globals"><ProjectGuid>{E23129FC-0417-462C-890C-D0EC20E735AB}</ProjectGuid><Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword><RootNamespace>WatermarkAssist</RootNamespace><WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>8.1</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion></PropertyGroup><Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" /><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration"><ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType><UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries><PlatformToolset>v140</PlatformToolset><CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet></PropertyGroup><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration"><ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType><UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries><PlatformToolset>v140</PlatformToolset><WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization><CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet></PropertyGroup><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="Configuration"><ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType><UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries><PlatformToolset>v140</PlatformToolset><CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet></PropertyGroup><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="Configuration"><ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType><UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries><PlatformToolset>v140</PlatformToolset><WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization><CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet></PropertyGroup><Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" /><ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings"></ImportGroup><ImportGroup Label="Shared"></ImportGroup><ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'"><Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" /></ImportGroup><ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'"><Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" /></ImportGroup><ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'"><Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" /></ImportGroup><ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'"><Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" /></ImportGroup><PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" /><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'"><LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental><OutDir>D:\Program Files (x86)\Adobe\Acrobat 11.0\Acrobat\plug_ins</OutDir><IntDir>..\..\..\Intdir\$(Configuration)_$(Platform)\$(ProjectName)</IntDir><TargetExt>.api</TargetExt></PropertyGroup><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'"><LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental></PropertyGroup><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'"><LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental></PropertyGroup><PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'"><LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental></PropertyGroup><ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'"><ClCompile><PrecompiledHeader></PrecompiledHeader><WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel><Optimization>Disabled</Optimization><PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;WIN_PLATFORM;WIN32;_WINDOWS;WIN_ENV;ACRO_SDK_LEVEL=0x00060000;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions><AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..\..\Headers\SDK;..\..\Headers\API;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories></ClCompile><Link><SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem><GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation><AdditionalOptions>/EXPORT:PlugInMain</AdditionalOptions></Link></ItemDefinitionGroup><ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'"><ClCompile><PrecompiledHeader></PrecompiledHeader><WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel><Optimization>Disabled</Optimization><PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USRDLL;WATERMARKASSIST_EXPORTS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions></ClCompile><Link><SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem><GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation></Link></ItemDefinitionGroup><ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'"><ClCompile><WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel><PrecompiledHeader></PrecompiledHeader><Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization><FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking><IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions><PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USRDLL;WATERMARKASSIST_EXPORTS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions></ClCompile><Link><SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem><EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding><OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences><GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation></Link></ItemDefinitionGroup><ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'"><ClCompile><WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel><PrecompiledHeader></PrecompiledHeader><Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization><FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking><IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions><PreprocessorDefinitions>NDEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USRDLL;WATERMARKASSIST_EXPORTS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions></ClCompile><Link><SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem><EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding><OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences><GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation></Link></ItemDefinitionGroup><ItemGroup><ClCompile Include="PIMain.c" /><ClCompile Include="WatermarkAssist.cpp" /><ClCompile Include="WatermarkAssistInit.cpp" /></ItemGroup><Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" /><ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets"></ImportGroup>
</Project>

因此我们使用python的xml解析库就可以解决问题了。我们看到这个xml文件也是比较容易读懂的，比如Condition="’$(Configuration)|$(Platform)’==‘Debug|Win32’">节点下的<OutDir>节点就是设置输出目录的，<IntDir>节点就是设置临时目录的。

关键代码

代码不复杂，关键有两处。一是使用python的xml解释库xml.etree.ElementTree解析vc工程文件之前需要先注册命名空间，代码如下：

ET.register_namespace('', "http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003")

二是脚本中的find_nodes函数的使用，调用代码如下：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree,Element
#修改vc工程的输出目录和中间目录、设置输出文件名、pdb文件和导入库文件
def ModifyPrjProperty(tree):
#find_nodes函数负责找到PropertyGroup节点下的所有子节点nodes = find_nodes(tree, '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}PropertyGroup')for groupNode in nodes:propertyNodes = groupNode.getchildren()#遍历子节点for propertyNode in propertyNodes:if propertyNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}OutDir':print 'finded OutDir'#propertyNode.text = "..\..\\..\\..\\OutDir\\$(Configuration)_$(Platform)"propertyNode.text = "D:\\Program Files (x86)\\Adobe\Acrobat 11.0\\Acrobat\\plug_ins"continueif propertyNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}IntDir':print 'finded IntDir'propertyNode.text = "..\..\..\..\Intdir\$(Configuration)_$(Platform)\$(ProjectName)"continuenodes = find_nodes(tree, '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ItemDefinitionGroup')for groupNode in nodes:propertyNodes = groupNode.getchildren()for propertyNode in propertyNodes:if propertyNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ClCompile':ClCompileNodes = propertyNodefor ciNode in ClCompileNodes:if ciNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}AssemblerListingLocation':print 'finded AssemblerListingLocation'ciNode.text = "$(IntDir)"continueif ciNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ObjectFileName':print 'finded ObjectFileName'ciNode.text = "$(IntDir)"continueif ciNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ProgramDataBaseFileName':print 'finded ProgramDataBaseFileName'ciNode.text = "$(IntDir)vc$(PlatformToolsetVersion).pdb"continueif ciNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}RuntimeLibrary':print 'finded RuntimeLibrary'ciNode.text = "MultiThreadedDebugDLL"continueif propertyNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}Link':LinkNodes = propertyNodefor linkNode in LinkNodes:if linkNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}OutputFile':print 'finded OutputFile'linkNode.text = "$(OutDir)\\$(ProjectName).api"continueif linkNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ProgramDatabaseFile':print 'finded ProgramDatabaseFile'linkNode.text = "$(OutDir)\\$(ProjectName).pdb"continueif linkNode.tag == '{http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003}ImportLibrary':print 'finded ImportLibrary'linkNode.text = "$(IntDir)\\$(ProjectName).lib"continue
if __name__ == "__main__":ET.register_namespace('',"http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003")tree = ElementTree()priFileFile = 'D:\\MyProject\\test.vcxproj'tree.parse(priFileFile)#ModifyPrjOutputAndIntDir(tree)ModifyPrjProperty(tree)

完整的脚本代码已上传到CSDN下载频道，下载地址：用于批量修改VC工程文件的python脚本。

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使用python脚本批量修改vc工程文件

问题描述

实现思路

关键代码

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