一．编译安装c++ opencv

1.下载zip包

本文安装的是opencv3.4.3,下载链接，以Sources方式下载zip包．

2.安装依赖

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

3.执行命令

cd ~/opencv-3.4.3  # 进入opencv文件夹
mkdir build # 创建build文件夹
cd build # 进入build文件夹#cmake指令，如果没有特殊要求建议就选择默认的就可以
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
#如果安装anconda遇到Makefile:160: recipe for target 'all' failed的报错，改为执行以下
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_TBB=ON -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF -D WITH_OPENMP=ON -D ENABLE_PRECOMPILED_HEADERS=OFF ..make -j7 # 多线程执行make任务# 最后一步，安装库文件
sudo make install#安装完成

如果没报错说明安装成功．

pkg-config --modversion opencv

查看版本号

二.vscode配置进行debug

更详细的配置，参考这篇文章

1.代码

main.cpp

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"a.h"
using namespace std;
int main(){  cout<<"CV_VERSION"<<CV_VERSION<<endl;const char* imgPath = "/home/fzh/AI/C_learn/datastruct/opencv/test.jpg";cv::Mat img = cv::imread(imgPath);cout<<"==main img.cols=="<<img.cols<<endl;cout<< "==main img.rows=="<<img.rows<<endl; int a = 1;int b = 1;int c;  c = a + b;cout<<"=====hahhahhahhah===="<<endl;cout<<"===c=:=="<<c<<endl;A *A1 = new A();A1->readImg(imgPath);delete A1;A1 = nullptr;return 0;
}

a.h

#ifndef A_H_
#define A_H_class A
{public:A(){}~A(){}void readImg(const char* path);};#endif

a.cpp

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include "a.h"using namespace std;
void A::readImg(const char* path)
{cv::Mat img =  cv::imread(path);cout<<"==A img.cols=="<<img.cols<<endl;cout<< "==A img.rows=="<<img.rows<<endl;}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)project(opencv)add_definitions(-std=c++11)set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Debug)set(OpenCV_DIR "/usr/local/include")
find_package(OpenCV 3.4.3 REQUIRED PATHS "/usr/local")
include_directories(OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS)
# set(OpenCV_DIR "/usr/include")
# find_package(OpenCV 2.4.9.1 REQUIRED PATHS "/usr/include")
# include_directories(OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS)add_executable(main ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/main.cpp a.cpp)
target_link_libraries(main ${OpenCV_LIBS})add_definitions(-O2 -pthread)

2.vscode配置

tasks.json

{"tasks": [{"type": "shell","label": "C/C++: g++ build active file","command": "g++","args": [// "-g", "-std=c++11", "${file}", "-o", "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}","-g", "-std=c++11", "${fileDirname}/*.cpp", "-o", "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",// "-I", "/usr/include",// "-I", "/usr/include/opencv",// "-I", "/usr/include/opencv2","-I", "/usr/local/include","-I", "/usr/local/include/opencv","-I", "/usr/local/include/opencv2","-L", "/usr/local/lib","-l", "opencv_imgcodecs","-l", "opencv_imgproc",  "-l", "opencv_dnn","-l", "opencv_features2d","-l", "opencv_flann","-l", "opencv_highgui",                     "-l", "opencv_imgproc","-l", "opencv_ml","-l", "opencv_objdetect","-l", "opencv_photo","-l", "opencv_shape","-l", "opencv_stitching","-l", "opencv_superres","-l", "opencv_videoio","-l", "opencv_video","-l", "opencv_videostab","-l", "opencv_core"],"options": {"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"},"problemMatcher": ["$gcc"],"group": {"kind": "build","isDefault": true}}],"version": "2.0.0"
}

launch.json

{// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387"version": "0.2.0","configurations": [{"name": "g++ - Build and debug active file","type": "cppdbg","request": "launch","program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}","args": [],"stopAtEntry": false,"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}","environment": [],"externalConsole": false,"MIMode": "gdb","setupCommands": [{"description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb","text": "-enable-pretty-printing","ignoreFailures": true}],"preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++ build active file","miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"}]
}

c_cpp_properties.json

{"configurations": [{"name": "Linux","includePath": ["${workspaceFolder}/**",// "/usr/include/opencv2",// "/usr/include/opencv",// "/usr/include","/usr/local/include/opencv2","/usr/local/include/opencv","/usr/local/include"],"defines": [],"compilerPath": "/usr/bin/gcc","cStandard": "gnu11","cppStandard": "c++17","intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"}],"version": 4
}

3.出现一个bug

在main.cpp设置断点下按f5，开始debug

这里最开始出现一个bug,ImportError:lib***.so--cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

通过设定软链接方式解决的:

3.1 找到文件

find / -name lib**.so (缺失的动态链接库)

3.2 建立软链接

ln -s /path/to/lib**.so /usr/lib

3.3 sudo ldconfig

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