YOLOv7之安全帽佩戴检测

1. 准备工作

a. 下载新的数据集并转化成YOLOv7数据集格式

LabelImg：是一款开源的图像标注工具，标签可用于分类和目标检测，它是用python写的，并使用Qt作为其图形界面，简单好用（虽然是英文版的）。其注释以 PASCAL VOC格式保存为XML文件，这是ImageNet使用的格式。此外，它还支持 COCO数据集格式，目前还不支持YOLO格式。

# cmd下执行，其自动会安装labelimg以及lxml和pyqt5
pip install labelimg -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple# 结束后，在cmd中输入labelimg，即可开启
labelimg

为了快速，下载已标注好的数据集：SafetyHelmet （安全帽佩戴检测）

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1hf9Ot5oFs6JtR6wMli_Kdg
提取码：8ubf

它包括7581张图像，其中9044个人类安全头盔佩戴对象（正样本）和111514个正常头部对象（未佩戴或负样本，一张图像里面可能有多个）。正样本对象来自goolge或baidu，用LabelImg手动标记。一些负面样本来自SCUT-HEAD。修复了原始SCUT-HEAD的一些错误，并使数据可以直接加载为正常的Pascal VOC格式。此外，还提供了一些使用MXNet-GluonCV进行预处理的模型。

原始的Pascal VOC 格式: classes = ['hat'，“person”】“hat”表示正样本，“person”表示负样本

---VOC2028    ---Annotations    ---ImageSets    ---JPEGImages

b. 下载YOLOv7并编译

git clone https://github.com/WongKinYiu/yolov7
cd yolov7
pip install -r requirements.txt

怎么判断编译成功，检测功能没问题呢？

# 首先下载初始权重，得到两个权重文件。
cd yolov7
mkdir weights
wget https://github.com/WongKinYiu/yolov7/releases/download/v0.1/yolov7_training.pt# 预测图片，有比较清晰的检测结果
python3 detect.py --weights weights/yolov7.pt --source inference/images # 参数说明
--weights weight/yolov7.pt   # 这个参数是把已经训练好的模型路径传进去，就是刚刚下载的文件
--source inference/images   # 传进去要预测的图片

c. 转化成yolov7数据集格式（train：val：test = 8：1：1 ）

在yolov7下新建datasets，将数据集放在yolov7/datasets下

cd yolov7
mkdir datasets
cd datasets
unzip VOC2028.zip

第一步：通过make_yolov7_data1.py将原来的Annotations的*.xml文件转化成 *.txt

import os.path
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETclass_names = ['SafetyHelmet','person]xmlpath = '/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/Annotations/'  # 原xml路径
txtpath = '/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/txts/'  # 转换后txt文件存放路径
files = []
if not os.path.exists(txtpath):os.makedirs(txtpath)for root, dirs, files in os.walk(xmlpath):Nonenumber = len(files)
print(number)
i = 0
while i < number:name = files[i][0:-4]xml_name = name + ".xml"txt_name = name + ".txt"xml_file_name = xmlpath + xml_nametxt_file_name = txtpath + txt_namexml_file = open(xml_file_name)tree = ET.parse(xml_file)root = tree.getroot()# filename = root.find('name').text# image_name = root.find('filename').textw = int(root.find('size').find('width').text)h = int(root.find('size').find('height').text)f_txt = open(txt_file_name, 'w+')content = ""first = Truefor obj in root.iter('object'):name = obj.find('name').text# class_num = class_names.index(name)class_num = 1xmlbox = obj.find('bndbox')x1 = int(xmlbox.find('xmin').text)x2 = int(xmlbox.find('xmax').text)y1 = int(xmlbox.find('ymin').text)y2 = int(xmlbox.find('ymax').text)if first:content += str(class_num) + " " + \str((x1 + x2) / 2 / w) + " " + str((y1 + y2) / 2 / h) + " " + \str((x2 - x1) / w) + " " + str((y2 - y1) / h)first = Falseelse:content += "\n" + \str(class_num) + " " + \str((x1 + x2) / 2 / w) + " " + str((y1 + y2) / 2 / h) + " " + \str((x2 - x1) / w) + " " + str((y2 - y1) / h)# print(str(i / (number - 1) * 100) + "%\n")print(content)f_txt.write(content)f_txt.close()xml_file.close()i += 1

第二步：通过make_trainval_txt2.py按照8：1：1划分数据集


import os
import random
random.seed(0)xmlfilepath='/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/Annotations/'
saveBasePath='/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/ImageSets/Main/'#----------------------------------------------------------------------#
#   想要增加测试集修改trainval_percent
#   train_percent不需要修改
#----------------------------------------------------------------------#
trainval_percent = 1
train_percent = 0.8temp_xml = os.listdir(xmlfilepath)
total_xml = []
for xml in temp_xml:if xml.endswith(".xml"):total_xml.append(xml)num=len(total_xml)
list=range(num)
tv=int(num*trainval_percent)
tr=int(tv*train_percent)
trainval= random.sample(list,tv)
train=random.sample(trainval,tr)  print("train and val size",tv)
print("traub suze",tr)
ftrainval = open(os.path.join(saveBasePath,'trainval.txt'), 'w')
ftest = open(os.path.join(saveBasePath,'test.txt'), 'w')
ftrain = open(os.path.join(saveBasePath,'train.txt'), 'w')
fval = open(os.path.join(saveBasePath,'val.txt'), 'w')  for i  in list:  name=total_xml[i][:-4]+'\n'  if i in trainval:  ftrainval.write(name)  if i in train:  ftrain.write(name)  else:  fval.write(name)  else:  ftest.write(name)  ftrainval.close()
ftrain.close()
fval.close()
ftest .close()

第三步：通过make_chage_copy3.py将按照比例划分好的数据集重新放进images和labels

import os
import shutil
from tqdm import tqdmSPLIT_PATH ='/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/ImageSets/Main/'
IMGS_PATH = '/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/JPEGImages'
TXTS_PATH = '/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/txts/'TO_IMGS_PATH ='/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/SafetyHelmet/images'
TO_TXTS_PATH ='/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/SafetyHelmet/labels'data_split = ['train.txt', 'val.txt']
to_split = ['train2028', 'val2028']for index, split in enumerate(data_split):split_path = os.path.join(SPLIT_PATH, split)to_imgs_path = os.path.join(TO_IMGS_PATH, to_split[index])if not os.path.exists(to_imgs_path):os.makedirs(to_imgs_path)to_txts_path = os.path.join(TO_TXTS_PATH, to_split[index])if not os.path.exists(to_txts_path):os.makedirs(to_txts_path)f = open(split_path, 'r')count = 1for line in tqdm(f.readlines(), desc="{} is copying".format(to_split[index])):# 复制图片src_img_path = os.path.join(IMGS_PATH, line.strip() + '.jpg')dst_img_path = os.path.join(to_imgs_path, line.strip() + '.jpg')if os.path.exists(src_img_path):shutil.copyfile(src_img_path, dst_img_path)else:print("error file: {}".format(src_img_path))# 复制txt标注文件src_txt_path = os.path.join(TXTS_PATH, line.strip() + '.txt')dst_txt_path = os.path.join(to_txts_path, line.strip() + '.txt')if os.path.exists(src_txt_path):shutil.copyfile(src_txt_path, dst_txt_path)else:print("error file: {}".format(src_txt_path))

2. 修改配置文件

/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/cfg/training/yolov7.yaml

nc: 2  # number of classes

/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/data/SafetyHelmet.yaml

# COCO 2017 dataset http://cocodataset.org# download command/URL (optional)
# download: bash ./scripts/get_coco.sh# train and val data as 1) directory: path/images/, 2) file: path/images.txt, or 3) list: [path1/images/, path2/images/]
train: '/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/SafetyHelmet/images/train2028'  # 118287 images
val: '/home/devuser/pan/yolov7/datasets/VOC2028/SafetyHelmet/images/val2028'  # 5000 images
#test: ./coco/test-dev2017.txt  # 20288 of 40670 images, submit to https://competitions.codalab.org/competitions/20794# number of classes
nc: 2# class names
names: ['hat','person']

3. 下载初始权重，训练模型

训练的初始权重：yolov7_training.pt

python3 train.py --weights weights/yolov7_training.pt --cfg cfg/training/yolov7.yaml --data data/SafetyHelmet.yaml --device 0,1 --batch-size 8  --epoch 50

训练文件train.py的入参说明：

训练结果：

4.测试

python3 detect.py --weights ./runs/train/exp2/weights/best.pt --source ./datasets/VOC2028/SafetyHelmet/images/test2028/

测试结果：

model	classes	P	R	mAP	mAP@.5:.95:10
YOLOv5	-	-	-	-	-
YOLOv7	2