参考地址：here and here

零、在私有链上部署合约

// 本文中用到的MetaCoin合约
pragma solidity ^0.4.2;contract MetaCoin {mapping (address => uint) balances;event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint256 _value);function MetaCoin() {balances[tx.origin] = 10000;}function sendCoin(address receiver, uint amount) returns(bool sufficient) {if (balances[msg.sender] < amount) return false;balances[msg.sender] -= amount;balances[receiver] += amount;Transfer(msg.sender, receiver, amount);return true;}function getBalance(address addr) returns(uint) {return balances[addr];}
}

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一、新建一个项目

新建一个node.js项目并初始化

$ mkdir web3test && cd web3test
$ npm init

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二、导入web3.js

npm install web3 --save

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三、创建web3对象

var Web3 = require("web3");
//创建web3对象
var web3 = new Web3();
// 连接到以太坊节点
web3.setProvider(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider("http://localhost:8545"));

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可以测试一下:

var version = web3.version.node;
console.log(version);
==>
在app目录下，终端输入：
prodeMacBook-Pro:web3test pro$ node app.js
输出：
Geth/linoy/v1.6.5-stable-cf87713d/darwin-amd64/go1.8.3

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四、调用合约

部署合约： 
私有链上查看地址，abi可以通过here获取

var abi = [{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"sendCoin","outputs":[{"name":"sufficient","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"addr","type":"address"}],"name":"getBalance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"name":"_from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"name":"_to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"}];var address = "0x6a0a87bd4da65b39a1b27597edb1a5b505a55a0b";var metacoin = web3.eth.contract(abi).at(address);

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调用合约：

/* 查看账户余额 */
var account_one = web3.eth.accounts[0];
var account_one_balance = metacoin.getBalance.call(account_one);
console.log("account one balance: ", account_one_balance.toNumber());
===>
终端查看：
prodeMacBook-Pro:web3test pro$ node app.js
account one balance:  10000/* 转账操作 */
var account_one = web3.eth.accounts[0];
var account_two = web3.eth.accounts[1];var txhash = metacoin.sendCoin.sendTransaction(account_two, 100, { from: account_one });var myEvent = metacoin.Transfer();
myEvent.watch(function (err, result) {if (!err) {if (result.transactionHash == txhash) {var account_one_balance = metacoin.getBalance.call(account_one);console.log("account one balance after sendCoin:", account_one_balance.toNumber());}} else {console.log(err);}myEvent.stopWatching();
});
====>
这里可能会遇到错误：Error: authentication needed: password or unlock
原因是账户没有解锁：在终端，personal.unlockAccount(user1, "123456")
然后再次尝试可以看到：
account one balance:  10000
account one balance after sendCoin: 9900

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创建账户：

var account_three = web3.personal.newAccount("123456");
console.log(account_three);

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五、与web界面交互

1 . 安装express

查看：here

npm install express --save

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2 . 导入BigNumber.js

处理大数字需要使用BigNumber库

npm install --save bignumber.js
===>
var BigNumber = require('bignumber.js');

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3 . 调用合约

a. call

var returnValue = metacoin.getBalance.call(address).toString();

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b. sendTransaction

var txhash = metacoin.sendCoin.sendTransaction(address_b, trans_value, {from:address_a});

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4 . 界面

六、代码部分

1 . app.js代码

/* 现连接到geth节点，并获取已部署合约的引用 */
var express = require("express");
var app = express();
var server = require("http").createServer(app);
var io = require("socket.io")(server);
var BigNumber = require('bignumber.js');app.use(express.static("public"));app.get("/", function(req, res){res.sendFile(__dirname + "/index.html");
})// 现连接到geth节点
var Web3 = require("web3");
web3 = new Web3(new Web3.providers.HttpProvider("http://localhost:8545"));  /* 部署合约 */
var abi = [{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"receiver","type":"address"},{"name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"sendCoin","outputs":[{"name":"sufficient","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"addr","type":"address"}],"name":"getBalance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"name":"_from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"name":"_to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"}];var address = "0x6a0a87bd4da65b39a1b27597edb1a5b505a55a0b";var metacoin = web3.eth.contract(abi).at(address);app.get("/register", function(req, res){//获取输入的密码var password = req.query.password;//创建账户var account = web3.personal.newAccount(password);res.send(account);})app.get("/getBalance", function(req, res){var address = req.query.address;//获取address的余额var returnValue = metacoin.getBalance.call(address).toString();res.send(returnValue);})app.get("/sendcoin", function(req, res){var address_a = req.query.address_a;var address_b = req.query.address_b;var trans_value = req.query.trans_value;//转账操作var txhash = metacoin.sendCoin.sendTransaction(address_b, trans_value, {from:address_a});res.send(txhash);})
server.listen(8080);

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2 . html代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><title>转账操作</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="">
</head>
<body><div><div> <h3>注册：</h3><br><label for="identity">请输入密码：</label><input type="text" id="password" ></input><button type = "submit"  onclick="register()">注册</button><p id = "address_test">地址：</p></div><div> <h3>查询余额：</h3><br><label for="identity">请输入地址：</label><input type="text" id="address" ></input><button type = "submit" onclick="getBalance()">查询余额</button><p id = "address_balance">余额：</p></div>  <div><h3>转账</h3><label for="identity">转出用户地址</label><input type="text" id="address_a" ></input><br><label for="identity">转入用户地址</label><input type="text" id="address_b" ></input><br><label for="identity">金额</label><input type="text" id="trans_value" ></input><button type = "submit"  onclick="sendcoin()">确定</button><p id = "tx_hash">交易：</p></div></div><script type="text/javascript" src="/sha1.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/jquery.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/socket.io.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/main.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/bignumber.js"></script></body>
</html>

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3 . main.js代码

function register()
{var password = document.getElementById("password").value;$.get("/register?password=" + password, function(data){if(data == "Error"){$("#address_test").text("An error occured.");}else{$("#address_test").html("地址: " + data);}});
}function getBalance()
{var address = document.getElementById("address").value;$.get("/getBalance?address=" + address, function(data){if(data == "Error"){$("#address_balance").text("An error occured.");}else{$("#address_balance").html("余额: " + data);}});
}function sendcoin()
{var address_a = document.getElementById("address_a").value;var address_b = document.getElementById("address_b").value;var trans_value = document.getElementById("trans_value").value;var tx_hash = document.getElementById("tx_hash").value;//转账$.get("/sendcoin?address_a=" + address_a + "&address_b=" + address_b + "&trans_value=" + trans_value, function(data){$("#tx_hash").html("交易: " + data);});}

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