Lesson 1 Nehe

#include <gl/opengl.h>HGLRC       hRc = NULL;             // opengl 着色描述表
HDC         hDc = NULL;             // Windows 设备描述表
/*opengl 中将着色描述表与设备描述相与联接，设备描述表与GDI相互联接，从而绘图。总体顺序：hRc -> hDc -> GDI
*/
HWND        hWnd = NULL;
HINSTANCE   hInstance = NULL;
BOOL keys[256];
BOOL active = TRUE;                 // 当激活状态为假是时，暂停程序操做
BOOL fullscreen = TRUE;LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc( HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);GLvoid ReSizeGLScene(GLsizei width, GLsizei height){if (height == 0) height = 1;glViewport(0,0,width, height);glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glLoadIdentity();// 设置视口大小gluPerspective(45.0f, (GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,0.1f, 100.0f);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);glLoadIdentity();
}int InitGL(GLvoid){glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);// 开启深度测试类型glClearDepth(1.0f);glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);return TRUE;
}BOOL DrawGLScene(GLvoid){glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);glLoadIdentity();return TRUE;
}GLvoid KillGLWindow(GLvoid){if (fullscreen){ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL, 0);ShowCursor(TRUE);}if (hRc){// 个人感觉此函数为 HRC 与HDC 建产相互联系的函数if (!wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL)){MessageBox(NULL, "释放DC或RC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK|MB_CANCELTRYCONTINUE);}if (!wglDeleteContext(hRc)){MessageBox(NULL, "释放RC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK|MB_CANCELTRYCONTINUE);}hRc = NULL;}if (hDc && !ReleaseDC(hWnd, hDc)){MessageBox(NULL, "释放DC失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK|MB_CANCELTRYCONTINUE);hDc = NULL;}if (hWnd && !DestroyWindow(hWnd)){MessageBox(NULL, "释放窗口句柄失败。","关闭错误",MB_OK|MB_CANCELTRYCONTINUE);hWnd = NULL;}if (!UnregisterClass("opengl", hInstance)){MessageBox(NULL, "不能注销窗口类。","关闭错误",MB_OK|MB_CANCELTRYCONTINUE);hInstance = NULL;}
}BOOL CreateGLWindow(char* title, int width, int height, int bits, BOOL fullscreenflag){GLuint PixelFormat;         // 保存查找匹配的结果WNDCLASS wc;DWORD dwExStyle;            // 扩展窗口风格DWORD dwStyle;              // 窗口风格// windows 的窗口RECT WindowRect;WindowRect.left = static_cast<long>(0);WindowRect.right = static_cast<long>(width);WindowRect.top = static_cast<long>(0);WindowRect.bottom = static_cast<long>(height);// 全屏标志fullscreen = fullscreenflag;// 窗口类的定义hInstance       = GetModuleHandle(NULL);wc.style            = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC;wc.lpfnWndProc      = WindowProc;wc.cbClsExtra       = 0;wc.cbWndExtra       = 0;wc.hInstance        = hInstance;wc.hIcon            = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_WINLOGO);wc.hCursor          = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);wc.hbrBackground    = NULL;wc.lpszMenuName     = NULL;wc.lpszClassName    = "opengl";// 注册窗口类if (!RegisterClass(&wc)){MessageBox(NULL, "注册窗口失败", "错误", MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);return FALSE;}// 全屏模式判断，操做if (fullscreen){DEVMODE dmScreenSetting;memset(&dmScreenSetting, 0, sizeof(dmScreenSetting));dmScreenSetting.dmSize          = sizeof(dmScreenSetting);dmScreenSetting.dmPelsHeight    = height;dmScreenSetting.dmPelsWidth     = width;dmScreenSetting.dmBitsPerPel    = bits;dmScreenSetting.dmFields        = DM_BITSPERPEL|DM_PELSHEIGHT|DM_PELSWIDTH;// 设置显示模式if (ChangeDisplaySettings(&dmScreenSetting, CDS_FULLSCREEN) != DISP_CHANGE_SUCCESSFUL){if (MessageBox(NULL, "全屏模式在当前显卡上设置失败!\n使用窗口模式?","NeHe G",MB_YESNO|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION) == IDYES){fullscreen = FALSE;}else{MessageBox(NULL, "程序将被关闭", "错误", MB_OK|MB_ICONSTOP);return FALSE;}}}// 出错后进行的相应操作if (fullscreen){// WS_EX_APPWINDOW // Forces a top-level window onto the taskbar when the window is visible.dwExStyle = WS_EX_APPWINDOW;dwStyle = WS_POPUP;ShowCursor(FALSE);}else{dwExStyle = WS_EX_APPWINDOW | WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE;dwStyle = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW;}AdjustWindowRectEx(&WindowRect,dwStyle,FALSE, dwExStyle);if (! (hWnd = CreateWindowEx(dwExStyle, "opengl", title,WS_CLIPSIBLINGS|WS_CLIPCHILDREN|dwStyle, 0, 0,WindowRect.right-WindowRect.left, WindowRect.bottom-WindowRect.top, NULL, NULL, hInstance,NULL))){KillGLWindow();MessageBox(NULL, "不能创建一个窗口设备描述表", "错误", MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);return FALSE;}static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd = {sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),1,PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |                // 支持窗口PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL|                 // 支持 openglPFD_DOUBLEBUFFER,PFD_TYPE_RGBA,bits,0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,               // 忽略的色彩位0,                              // 无Alpha缓存0,                              // 忽略Shift Bit0,                              // 无累加缓存0, 0, 0, 0,                         // 忽略聚集位16,                             // 16位 Z-缓存 (深度缓存)0,                              // 无蒙板缓存0,                              // 无辅助缓存PFD_MAIN_PLANE,                         // 主绘图层0,                              // Reserved0, 0, 0                             // 忽略层遮罩};if (!(hDc = GetDC(hWnd))){KillGLWindow();MessageBox(NULL, "不能创建一种相匹配的像素格式", "错误", MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);return FALSE;}if (!(PixelFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(hDc, &pfd))){KillGLWindow();MessageBox(hWnd, "不能设置像素格式", "错误", MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);return FALSE;}if (!SetPixelFormat(hDc, PixelFormat, &pfd)){KillGLWindow();MessageBox(hWnd, "不能设置像素格式", "错误", MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);return FALSE;}if (!(hRc = wglCreateContext(hDc))){KillGLWindow();MessageBox(NULL, "不能创建openGL渲染描述表","错误",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);return FALSE;}if (!(wglMakeCurrent(hDc, hRc))){KillGLWindow();MessageBox(NULL, "不能激活当前的openGL渲染描述表", "错误", MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);return FALSE;}ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW);SetForegroundWindow(hWnd);SetFocus(hWnd);ReSizeGLScene(width, height);if (!InitGL()){KillGLWindow();MessageBox(NULL, "Initialization Failed.","error",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION );return FALSE;}return TRUE;
}LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc( HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){switch(uMsg){case WM_ACTIVATE: {if (!HIWORD(wParam))active = TRUE;elseactive = FALSE;return 0;}case WM_SYSCOMMAND:{switch(wParam){case SC_SCREENSAVE:// 屏保运行代码case SC_MONITORPOWER:// 进入节电模式运行代码return 0;}break;}case WM_CLOSE:{PostQuitMessage(0);return 0;}case WM_KEYUP:{keys[wParam] = TRUE;return 0;}case WM_KEYDOWN:{keys[wParam] = FALSE;return 0;}case WM_SIZE:{ReSizeGLScene(LOWORD(lParam), HIWORD(lParam));return 0;}}return DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow ){MSG msg;BOOL done=FALSE;// 提示用户选择运行模式if (MessageBox(NULL, "你想在全屏模式下运行吗？", "设置全屏模式", MB_YESNO|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION) == IDNO)fullscreen = FALSE;if (!CreateGLWindow("Nehe's openGL 程序框架", 640, 480, 16, fullscreen))return 0;while (!done){if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0,0,PM_REMOVE)){if (msg.message == WM_QUIT){done = TRUE;}else{TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}}else{                               // 当没有消息时，进行的操做if (active){if (keys[VK_ESCAPE]){done = TRUE;}else{DrawGLScene();SwapBuffers(hDc);               }if (keys[VK_F1]){keys[VK_F1] =FALSE;KillGLWindow();fullscreen = !fullscreen;// 重建opengl窗口if (!CreateGLWindow("Nehe's openGL 程序框架", 640, 480, 16, fullscreen))return 0;}}} // end if } //end while KillGLWindow();return (msg.wParam);
}// end WinMain

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