64位ubuntu16.04下pycharm无法切换fcitx输入法和无法输入中文的问题
首先root权限下面输入：
dpkg -l |grep fcitx
得到，看看有什么没有安装的：
i fcitx 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework
ii fcitx-bin 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - essential binaries
ii fcitx-chewing 0.2.2-1 amd64 Fcitx wrapper for Chewing library
ii fcitx-config-common 0.4.8-3 all graphic Fcitx configuration tool - common files
ii fcitx-config-gtk 0.4.8-3 amd64 graphic Fcitx configuration tool - Gtk+ 3 version
ii fcitx-data 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - essential data files
ii fcitx-frontend-all 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - frontends metapackage
ii fcitx-frontend-gtk2 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - GTK+ 2 IM Module frontend
ii fcitx-frontend-gtk3 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - GTK+ 3 IM Module frontend
ii fcitx-frontend-qt4 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - Qt4 IM Module frontend
ii fcitx-frontend-qt5:amd64 1.0.5-1 amd64 Free Chinese Input Toy of X - Qt5 IM Module frontend
ii fcitx-libs 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all transitional dummy package
ii fcitx-libs-qt 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all transitional dummy package
ii fcitx-module-cloudpinyin:amd64 0.3.4-3 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - cloudpinyin module
ii fcitx-module-dbus 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - D-Bus module and IPC frontend
ii fcitx-module-kimpanel 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - KIMPanel protocol module
ii fcitx-module-lua 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - Lua module
ii fcitx-module-x11 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - X11 module and XIM frontend
ii fcitx-modules 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - core modules
ii fcitx-pinyin 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - classic Pinyin engine
ii fcitx-sunpinyin 0.4.1-2build1 amd64 fcitx wrapper for Sunpinyin IM engine
ii fcitx-table 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - table engine
ii fcitx-table-all 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - tables metapackage
ii fcitx-table-bingchan 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - Bingchan table
ii fcitx-table-cangjie 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - Cangjie table
ii fcitx-table-dianbaoma 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - Dianbaoma table
ii fcitx-table-erbi 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - Erbi table
ii fcitx-table-wanfeng 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - Wanfeng table
ii fcitx-table-wbpy 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - WubiPinyin table
ii fcitx-table-wubi 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - Wubi table
ii fcitx-table-ziranma 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 all Flexible Input Method Framework - Ziranma table
ii fcitx-ui-classic 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - Classic user interface
ii fcitx-ui-qimpanel 2.1.2-1 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - Qt IMPanel user interface
ii libfcitx-config4:amd64 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - configuration support library
ii libfcitx-core0:amd64 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - library of core funtions
ii libfcitx-gclient0:amd64 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - D-Bus client library for Glib
ii libfcitx-qt0:amd64 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - Meta package for Qt library
ii libfcitx-qt5-1:amd64 1.0.5-1 amd64 Free Chinese Input Toy of X - D-Bus client libraries for Qt5
ii libfcitx-utils0:amd64 1:4.2.9.1-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64 Flexible Input Method Framework - utility support library
然后注意pycharm.sh中环境变量的添加位置，注意千万不要把fcitx
相关的三行添加到最后，那样就无效了。正确的添加方法如下（下面
是确保fcitx可以在pycharm中切换出来并且可以输入中文的整个
pycharm.sh的内容）：
gedit /home/appleyuchi/Downloads/pycharm-2017.1.2/bin/pycharm.sh
内容为（注意红色字体添加的具体位置，添加位置出错则直接导致无效）：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/sh
#
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# PyCharm startup script.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
#
message()
{
TITLE="Cannot start PyCharm"
if [ -n "`which zenity`" ]; then
zenity --error --title="$TITLE" --text="$1"
elif [ -n "`which kdialog`" ]; then
kdialog --error "$1" --title "$TITLE"
elif [ -n "`which xmessage`" ]; then
xmessage -center "ERROR: $TITLE: $1"
elif [ -n "`which notify-send`" ]; then
notify-send "ERROR: $TITLE: $1"
else
echo "ERROR: $TITLE\n$1"
fi
}
isJDK()
{
if [ -z $1 ] || [ ! -x "$1/bin/java" ]; then
return 1
else
return 0
fi
}
UNAME=`which uname`
GREP=`which egrep`
GREP_OPTIONS=""
CUT=`which cut`
READLINK=`which readlink`
XARGS=`which xargs`
DIRNAME=`which dirname`
MKTEMP=`which mktemp`
RM=`which rm`
CAT=`which cat`
TR=`which tr`
if [ -z "$UNAME" -o -z "$GREP" -o -z "$CUT" -o -z "$MKTEMP" -o -z "$RM" -o -z "$CAT" -o -z "$TR" ]; then
message "Required tools are missing - check beginning of \"$0\" file for details."
exit 1
fi
OS_TYPE=`"$UNAME" -s`
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Ensure IDE_HOME points to the directory where the IDE is installed.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
SCRIPT_LOCATION=$0
if [ -x "$READLINK" ]; then
while [ -L "$SCRIPT_LOCATION" ]; do
SCRIPT_LOCATION=`"$READLINK" -e "$SCRIPT_LOCATION"`
done
fi
IDE_BIN_HOME=`dirname "$SCRIPT_LOCATION"`
if [ "$IDE_BIN_HOME" = "." ]; then
IDE_HOME=".."
else
IDE_HOME=`dirname "$IDE_BIN_HOME"`
fi
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Locate a JDK installation directory which will be used to run the IDE.
# Try (in order): PYCHARM_JDK, pycharm.jdk, ../jre, JDK_HOME, JAVA_HOME, "java" in PATH.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
JDK=""
if isJDK $PYCHARM_JDK; then
JDK="$PYCHARM_JDK"
fi
if [ "$JDK" = "" ] && [ -s "$HOME/.PyCharm2017.1/config/pycharm.jdk" ]; then
JDK=`"$CAT" $HOME/.PyCharm2017.1/config/pycharm.jdk`
if [ ! -d "$JDK" ]; then
JDK="$IDE_HOME/$JDK"
fi
if ! isJDK $JDK; then
JDK=""
fi
fi
if [ "$JDK" = "" ] && [ "$OS_TYPE" = "Linux" ] &&
[ -x "$IDE_HOME/jre64/bin/java" ] && "$IDE_HOME/jre64/bin/java" -version > /dev/null 2>&1 ; then
JDK="$IDE_HOME/jre64"
fi
if [ "$JDK" = "" ] && isJDK $JDK_HOME; then
JDK="$JDK_HOME"
fi
if [ "$JDK" = "" ]; then
if isJDK $JAVA_HOME; then
JDK="$JAVA_HOME"
else
JAVA_BIN_PATH=`which java`
if [ -n "$JAVA_BIN_PATH" ]; then
if [ "$OS_TYPE" = "FreeBSD" -o "$OS_TYPE" = "MidnightBSD" ]; then
JAVA_LOCATION=`JAVAVM_DRYRUN=yes java | "$GREP" '^JAVA_HOME' | "$CUT" -c11-`
if [ -x "$JAVA_LOCATION/bin/java" ]; then
JDK="$JAVA_LOCATION"
fi
elif [ "$OS_TYPE" = "SunOS" ]; then
JAVA_LOCATION="/usr/jdk/latest"
if [ -x "$JAVA_LOCATION/bin/java" ]; then
JDK="$JAVA_LOCATION"
fi
elif [ "$OS_TYPE" = "Darwin" ]; then
JAVA_LOCATION=`/usr/libexec/java_home`
if [ -x "$JAVA_LOCATION/bin/java" ]; then
JDK="$JAVA_LOCATION"
fi
fi
fi
if [ -z "$JDK" -a -x "$READLINK" -a -x "$XARGS" -a -x "$DIRNAME" ]; then
JAVA_LOCATION=`"$READLINK" -f "$JAVA_BIN_PATH"`
case "$JAVA_LOCATION" in
*/jre/bin/java)
JAVA_LOCATION=`echo "$JAVA_LOCATION" | "$XARGS" "$DIRNAME" | "$XARGS" "$DIRNAME" | "$XARGS" "$DIRNAME"`
if [ ! -d "$JAVA_LOCATION/bin" ]; then
JAVA_LOCATION="$JAVA_LOCATION/jre"
fi
;;
*)
JAVA_LOCATION=`echo "$JAVA_LOCATION" | "$XARGS" "$DIRNAME" | "$XARGS" "$DIRNAME"`
;;
esac
if [ -x "$JAVA_LOCATION/bin/java" ]; then
JDK="$JAVA_LOCATION"
fi
fi
fi
fi
JAVA_BIN="$JDK/bin/java"
if [ ! -x "$JAVA_BIN" ]; then
JAVA_BIN="$JDK/jre/bin/java"
fi
if [ -z "$JDK" ] || [ ! -x "$JAVA_BIN" ]; then
message "No JDK found. Please validate either PYCHARM_JDK, JDK_HOME or JAVA_HOME environment variable points to valid JDK installation."
exit 1
fi
VERSION_LOG=`"$MKTEMP" -t java.version.log.XXXXXX`
JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS= "$JAVA_BIN" -version 2> "$VERSION_LOG"
"$GREP" "64-Bit|x86_64|amd64" "$VERSION_LOG" > /dev/null
BITS=$?
"$RM" -f "$VERSION_LOG"
test ${BITS} -eq 0 && BITS="64" || BITS=""
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Collect JVM options and IDE properties.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ -n "$PYCHARM_PROPERTIES" ]; then
IDE_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY="-Didea.properties.file=$PYCHARM_PROPERTIES"
fi
VM_OPTIONS_FILE=""
if [ -n "$PYCHARM_VM_OPTIONS" -a -r "$PYCHARM_VM_OPTIONS" ]; then
# explicit
VM_OPTIONS_FILE="$PYCHARM_VM_OPTIONS"
elif [ -r "$HOME/.PyCharm2017.1/pycharm$BITS.vmoptions" ]; then
# user-overridden
VM_OPTIONS_FILE="$HOME/.PyCharm2017.1/pycharm$BITS.vmoptions"
elif [ -r "$IDE_BIN_HOME/pycharm$BITS.vmoptions" ]; then
# default, standard installation
VM_OPTIONS_FILE="$IDE_BIN_HOME/pycharm$BITS.vmoptions"
else
# default, universal package
test "$OS_TYPE" = "Darwin" && OS_SPECIFIC="mac" || OS_SPECIFIC="linux"
VM_OPTIONS_FILE="$IDE_BIN_HOME/$OS_SPECIFIC/pycharm$BITS.vmoptions"
fi
VM_OPTIONS=""
if [ -r "$VM_OPTIONS_FILE" ]; then
VM_OPTIONS=`"$CAT" "$VM_OPTIONS_FILE" | "$GREP" -v "^#.*"`
else
message "Cannot find VM options file"
fi
IS_EAP="false"
if [ "$IS_EAP" = "true" ]; then
OS_NAME=`echo "$OS_TYPE" | "$TR" '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'`
AGENT_LIB="yjpagent-$OS_NAME$BITS"
if [ -r "$IDE_BIN_HOME/lib$AGENT_LIB.so" ]; then
AGENT="-agentlib:$AGENT_LIB=disablealloc,delay=10000,probe_disable=*,sessionname=PyCharm2017.1"
fi
fi
CLASSPATH="$IDE_HOME/lib/bootstrap.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/extensions.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/util.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/jdom.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/log4j.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/trove4j.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/jna.jar"
if [ -n "$PYCHARM_CLASSPATH" ]; then
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$PYCHARM_CLASSPATH"
fi
export CLASSPATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$IDE_BIN_HOME:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Run the IDE.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
IFS="$(printf '\n\t')"
LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$IDE_BIN_HOME:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" "$JAVA_BIN" \
${AGENT} \
"-Xbootclasspath/a:$IDE_HOME/lib/boot.jar" \
-classpath "$CLASSPATH" \
${VM_OPTIONS} \
"-XX:ErrorFile=$HOME/java_error_in_PYCHARM_%p.log" \
"-XX:HeapDumpPath=$HOME/java_error_in_PYCHARM.hprof" \
-Didea.paths.selector=PyCharm2017.1 \
"-Djb.vmOptionsFile=$VM_OPTIONS_FILE" \
${IDE_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY} \
-Didea.platform.prefix=Python \
com.intellij.idea.Main \
"$@"
改完pycharm.sh文件后，保存后，重启pycharm，就可以生效了。
参考链接：
http://blog.csdn.net/maokexu123/article/details/44515019
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