django踩坑记录

在django中使用bootstrap4报错：OSError: [WinError 123] 文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确。: ‘「frozen importlib._bootstrap」‘”

在aototest/settings.py 中加入如下内容：

INSTALL_APPS = (#...'bootstrap4',#...

在product_manage.html中：

# {# Load the tag library #}
{% load bootstrap4 %}# {# Load CSS and JavaScript #}
{% bootstrap_css %}
{% bootstrap_javascript jquery='full' %}

随后访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/product_manage/
链接失败。
查看development server已自动退出，重启server：

C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\Scripts\autotest>python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\threading.py", line 926, in _bootstrap_innerself.run()File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\threading.py", line 870, in runself._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapperfn(*args, **kwargs)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 109, in inner_runautoreload.raise_last_exception()File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 76, in raise_last_exceptionraise _exception[1]File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 357, in executeautoreload.check_errors(django.setup)()File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapperfn(*args, **kwargs)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setupapps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\apps\registry.py", line 91, in populateapp_config = AppConfig.create(entry)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\apps\config.py", line 90, in createmodule = import_module(entry)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_modulereturn _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_importFile "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_loadFile "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 965, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'bootstrap'Traceback (most recent call last):File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>main()File "manage.py", line 17, in mainexecute_from_command_line(sys.argv)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_lineutility.execute()File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 395, in executeself.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\base.py", line 328, in run_from_argvself.execute(*args, **cmd_options)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 60, in executesuper().execute(*args, **options)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\base.py", line 369, in executeoutput = self.handle(*args, **options)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 95, in handleself.run(**options)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 102, in runautoreload.run_with_reloader(self.inner_run, **options)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 599, in run_with_reloaderstart_django(reloader, main_func, *args, **kwargs)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 584, in start_djangoreloader.run(django_main_thread)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 299, in runself.run_loop()File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 305, in run_loopnext(ticker)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 345, in tickfor filepath, mtime in self.snapshot_files():File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 361, in snapshot_filesfor file in self.watched_files():File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 260, in watched_filesyield from iter_all_python_module_files()File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 105, in iter_all_python_module_filesreturn iter_modules_and_files(modules, frozenset(_error_files))File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\django-3.0.8-py3.7.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 141, in iter_modules_and_filesresolved_path = path.resolve(strict=True).absolute()File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\pathlib.py", line 1161, in resolves = self._flavour.resolve(self, strict=strict)File "C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\pathlib.py", line 200, in resolvereturn self._ext_to_normal(_getfinalpathname(s))
OSError: [WinError 123] 文件名、目录名或卷标语法不正确。: '<frozen importlib._bootstrap>'

百度几天均无果，后重新安装bootstrap

pip install django-bootstrap4

runserver还是一样的报错。
重新运行：

python manage.py migrate

随后runserver成功：

C:\Users\Jhin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\Scripts\autotest>python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
July 13, 2020 - 03:12:05
Django version 3.0.8, using settings 'autotest.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
[13/Jul/2020 03:12:15] "GET /product_manage/ HTTP/1.1" 200 2399

总结为先

python manage.py migrate

后

python manage.py runserver

就成功了（不知道为啥，手动狗头）
截图为证:

卡了我几天的坑，记录一下。

报错：TemplateSyntaxError at /apistep_manage/

Invalid block tag on line 48: ‘else’, expected ‘empty’ or ‘endfor’. Did you forget to register or load this tag?

几经排查后还是找不到原因，后受文章传送门的启发，在if开始时的地方查找，找到问题所在：

此处少了一个百分号%，添加上之后，报错解决。

报错：TemplateSyntaxError at /apistep_manage/

Could not parse the remainder: ‘% if apistep.apistatus == 1 %’ from ‘% if apistep.apistatus == 1 %’

经排查，系此处多了一对花括号，去除一对花括号后，该报错解决。

报错：Unclosed tag on line 37: ‘for’. Looking for one of: empty, endfor.

后排除问题如下：

最后显示界面如下：

总结：一定要注意百分号空格/百分号是否成对/一对百分号是否写成了两对。。。引以为戒中。。。

报错：TypeError: bug_manage() missing 1 required positional argument: ‘request’

经排查，系此处括号有问题：

runserver时报错：

raise RuntimeError(“cryptography is required for sha256_password or caching_sha2_password”)
RuntimeError: cryptography is required for sha256_password or caching_sha2_password
原因是没有连接数据库。

前端界面异常

搭建测试平台的时候，出现前端一场：

经排查，乃一低级错误：

如图所示，container写到了引号外面（手动狗头），修改后显示正常。